Pylorus
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Pylorus | |
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| Outline of stomach, showing its anatomical landmarks. | |
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| Interior of the stomach. (Pylorus labeled at center left.) | |
| Latin | valvula pylori |
| Gray's | subject #247 1164 |
| Dorlands/Elsevier | v_02/12844554 |
The pylorus (from Greek pylorus; pyl- = gate, -orus = guard) is the region of the stomach that connects to the duodenum. It is divided in two parts:
- the pyloric antrum, which connects to the body of the stomach.
- the pyloric canal, which connects to the duodenum.
The pyloric sphincter, or valve, is a strong ring of smooth muscle at the end of the pyloric canal and lets food pass from the stomach to the duodenum.
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[edit] Medical significance
One medical condition associated with the pylorus is pyloric stenosis. In such conditions as stomach cancer, when tumours may partly block the pyloric canal, a special tube can be implanted surgically to connect the stomach to the duodenum to assist food to pass from one to the other. This tube is called a pyloric stent.
[edit] Cultural significance
- In A Confederacy of Dunces, by John Kennedy Toole, Ignatius J. Reilly, the main character, is obsessed with his temperamental pyloric valve, which -- either psychosomatically or for real -- has the tendency to "close" at inopportune times, giving him bouts of extreme flatulence and bloating.
[edit] Additional images
 The longitudinal and circular muscular fibers of the stomach, viewed from above and in front. |
 The oblique muscular fibers of the stomach, viewed from above and in front. |
[edit] See also
[edit] Reference
[edit] External links
- SUNY Labs 37:06-0105 - "Abdominal Cavity: The Stomach"
- SUNY Labs 38:07-0102 - "Stomach, Spleen and Liver: The Pylorus"
- SUNY Anatomy Image 8150
| Anatomy of torso, digestive system: Gastrointestinal tract |
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| Upper gastrointestinal tract Mouth • Pharynx (nasopharynx, oropharynx, hypopharynx) • Esophagus • Crop • Stomach (rugae, gastric pits, cardia/gland, fundus/gland, pylorus/gland, pyloric antrum) Lower gastrointestinal tract Large intestine: Cecum • Colon (ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon) • Rectum (Houston valve, rectal ampulla, pectinate line) • Anal canal (anal valves, anal sinuses, anal columns) Anus: Sphincter ani internus muscle • Sphincter ani externus muscle GALT: Peyer's patches • M cells intestinal villus • crypts of Lieberkühn • circular folds • taenia coli • haustra • epiploic appendix |
