Image:KleinBottle-01.png

[edit] Summary

Standard immersion of a Klein bottle into R³. Made with Mathematica.

[edit] See also

Image:Klein bottle.svg

[edit] Licensing

I, the copyright holder of this work, hereby release it into the public domain. This applies worldwide. In case this is not legally possible: I grant anyone the right to use this work for any purpose, without any conditions, unless such conditions are required by law. Afrikaans | Alemannisch | Aragonés | العربية‎ | Български | Català | Česky | Cymraeg | Dansk | Deutsch | Ελληνικά | English | Español | Esperanto | Euskara | فارسی‎ | Français | Galego | 한국어 | हिन्दी | Hrvatski | Ido | Bahasa Indonesia | Íslenska | Italiano | עברית‎ | Kurdî / كوردي | Latina | Lietuvių | Magyar | Bahasa Melayu | Nederlands | Norsk (bokmål) | Norsk (nynorsk) | 日本語 | Polski | Português | Ripoarish | Română | Русский | Shqip | Slovenčina | Slovenščina | Српски | Svenska | ไทย | Türkçe | Українська | Tiếng Việt | Walon | 简体中文 | 繁體中文 | 粵語 | +/-

[edit] Parameterization

This immersion of the Klein bottle into R³ is given by the following parameterization. Here the parameters u and v run from 0 to 2π and r is a fixed positive constant.

For :

For :

[edit] Mathematica source

KleinBottle[r_:1] =
 Function[{u, v},
   UnitStep[Sin[u]]
   {
       6 Cos[u](1 + Sin[u]) + 4r(1 - Cos[u]/2) Cos[u]Cos[v],
       16 Sin[u] + 4r(1 - Cos[u]/2) Sin[u]Cos[v],
       4r(1 - Cos[u]/2) Sin[v]
   }
   + (1 - UnitStep[Sin[u]])
   {
       6 Cos[u](1 + Sin[u]) - 4r(1 - Cos[u]/2) Cos[v],
       16 Sin[u],
       4r(1 - Cos[u]/2) Sin[v]
   }
 ]

 ParametricPlot3D[Evaluate[KleinBottle[][u, v]], {u, 0, 2Pi}, {v, 0, 2Pi},
   PlotPoints -> {50, 19}, Boxed -> False, Axes -> False,
   ViewPoint -> {0.454, -2.439, -2.301}]