Hart Senate Office Building
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The Hart Senate Office Building, the third U.S. Senate office building, was built in the 1970s. First occupied in November 1982, the Hart Building is the largest of the Senate office buildings. It is named for Philip A. Hart, long-time senator from Michigan.
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[edit] Design and construction
Following a recommendation from George M. White (then the serving Architect of the Capitol) the plan submitted by the architectural firm of John Carl Warnecke & Associates; it was approved by the Senate Committee on Public Works on August 8, 1974. Construction proceeded, and the building was first occupied in November of 1982.
Rather than adopt the neo-classical style of the first two office buildings, the architect gave the Hart Building a more distinctly contemporary appearance, although with a marble façade in keeping with its surrounding. The architects sought to design a flexible, energy-efficient building that would accommodate both the expanded staff and the new technology of the modern Senate. The building's design also deliberately spared the adjacent Sewall-Belmont house, a historic structure that serves as headquarters for the National Woman’s Party and a museum for the woman suffrage movement. As construction proceeded, however, rapid inflation in the 1970s multiplied costs and caused several modifications of the original plan, most notably the elimination of a rooftop restaurant and a gymnasium.
[edit] Structure
The nine-story structure provides offices for fifty senators, as well as for three committees and several subcommittees. Two-story duplex suites allow a senator’s entire office staff to work in connecting rooms. Where solid walls limited the arrangement of office space in the two older buildings, movable partitions permit reconfiguration of offices in the Hart Building to meet changing needs. Designed for modern telecommunications, removable floor panels permit the laying of telephone lines and computer cables, further aiding the rearrangement of offices as computers rapidly alter staff functions. On the building's roof, microwave satellite dishes expand senators’ communication links with the news media in their home states.
The large Central Hearing Facility on the second floor of the Hart Building was designed for high-interest events attracting crowds that could not be accommodated in the regular hearing rooms. The facility offered more seating, better acoustics, and movable side panes where television cameras could operate without distracting the participants. Behind the dais where committee members sit, the Senate seal is affixed to a white and gray marble wall, which contrasts with the wood-paneled side walls. The room has become familiar to television viewers as the site of numerous Senate investigations and confirmation hearings.
Situated the farthest from the Capitol, the Hart Building was connected underground to an extension of the existing Congressional Subway to the Dirksen Senate Office Building. In 1994 a new train loop was installed that provided more cars and speedier service to handle the increased traffic between the buildings. With wider doors and trains at platform-level, the new system is also fully accessible to the handicapped. In addition, the Hart Building provides three floors of underground parking.
[edit] The Atrium
In contrast to the other Senate office building, where offices ringed open courtyards, the Hart Building features a 90-foot high central atrium. The skylit atrium provides an energy-efficient means of lighting corridors and offices. Walkways bridge the atrium on each floor. Located on either end of the atrium are elevator banks and skylit semicircular staircases.
The centerpiece of the atrium is Alexander Calder's mobile-stabile, Mountains and Clouds. The monumental piece combines black aluminum clouds suspended above black steel mountains, with the tallest peak being 51 feet high. It was one of Calder's last works. The sculptor came to Washington on November 10, 1976 to make the final adjustments to his model, and died later that evening after returning to New York. Budget cuts delayed construction of the sculpture until 1986, when former New Jersey Senator Nicholas F. Brady raised private funds to underwrite the installation.
[edit] Anthrax attack
On October 15, 2001, several suites of this building became contaminated by the release of anthrax powder from an envelope mailed to Senate Majority Leader Tom Daschle in the 2001 anthrax attacks. The building was closed October 17, 2001, displacing hundreds of Senate staff. The building was decontaminated using chlorine gas in December 2001,[1] and the building reopened January 23, 2001.[2]
[edit] List of Current U.S. Senators in the Hart Senate Office Building
- Daniel Akaka (D-Hawaii) Room 141
- Max Baucus (D-Montana) Room 511
- Jeff Bingaman (D-New Mexico) Room 703
- Barbara Boxer (D-California) Room 112
- Sam Brownback (R-Kansas) Room 303
- Jim Bunning (R-Kentucky) Room 316
- Robert Byrd (D-West Virginia) Room 311
- Ben Cardin (D-Maryland) Room 509
- Thomas Carper (D-Delaware) Room 513
- Norm Coleman (R-Minnesota) Room 320
- Kent Conrad (D-North Dakota) Room 530
- John Cornyn (R-Texas) Room 517
- Larry Craig (R-Idaho) Room 520
- Pete Domenici (R-New Mexico) Room 328
- Byron Dorgan (D-North Dakota) Room 322
- Richard Durbin (D-Illinois) Room 309
- Russ Feingold (D-Wisconsin) Room 506
- Dianne Feinstein (D-California) Room 331
- Chuck Grassley (R-Iowa) Room 135
- Tom Harkin (D-Iowa) Room 731
- Orrin Hatch (R-Utah) Room 104
- Daniel Inouye (D-Hawaii) Room 722
- Tim Johnson (D-South Dakota) Room 136
- Amy Klobuchar (D-Minnesota) Room 302
- Herb Kohl (D-Wisconsin) Room 330
- John Kyl (R-Arizona) Room 730
- Mary Landrieu (D-Louisiana) Room 724
- Frank Lautenberg (D-New Jersey) Room 324
- Joe Lieberman (ID-Connecticut) Room 706
- Richard Lugar (R-Indiana) Room 306
- Claire McCaskill (D-Missouri) Room 717
- Robert Menendez (D-New Jersey) Room 317
- Barbara Mikulski (D-Maryland) Room 503
- Lisa Murkowski (R-Alaska) Room 709
- Bill Nelson (D-Florida) Room 716
- Benjamin Nelson (D-Nebraska) Room 720
- Barack Obama (D-Illinois) Room 713
- Jack Reed (D-Rhode Island) Room 728
- Harry Reid (D-Nevada) Room 528
- Pat Roberts (R-Kansas) Room 109
- John Rockefeller (D-West Virginia) Room 531
- Ken Salazar (D-Colorado) Room 702
- Charles Schumer (D-New York) Room 313
- Richard Shelby (R-Alabama) Room 110
- Arlen Specter (R-Pennsylvania) Room 711
- Debbie Stabenow (D-Michigan) Room 133
- Ted Stevens (R-Alaska) Room 522
- David Vitter (R-Louisiana) Room 516
- George Voinovich (R-Ohio) Room 524
- Sheldon Whitehouse (D-Rhode Island) Room 502
Source: [1]
[edit] Reference
| United States Capitol Complex | |
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| United States Capitol | |
| House: | Cannon | Ford | Longworth | O'Neill | Rayburn |
| Senate: | Dirksen | Hart | Russell |
| Library of Congress: | Adams Building | Jefferson Building | Madison Building |
| Others: | Botanic Garden | Power Plant | Reflection Pool | Supreme Court | Visitor Center |
