Isoleucine
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
  Chemical structure of L-isoleucine |
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Isoleucine |
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| Systematic (IUPAC) name | |
| (2S,3S)-2-amino- 3-methylpentanoic acid |
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| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | 73-32-5 |
| PubChem | 791 |
| Chemical data | |
| Formula | C6H13NO2 |
| Mol. weight | 131.18 |
| Complete data | |
Isoleucine is one of the 20 basic amino acids, and forms part of the structure of almost all proteins. It is coded for in DNA. Its chemical composition is identical to that of leucine, but the arrangement of its atoms is slightly different, resulting in different properties. Nutritionally, in humans, isoleucine is an essential amino acid. Isoleucine is a hydrophobic amino acid. Its three letter code is ILE and its one letter code is I.
Isoleucine has two chiral centers; therefore there are four possible stereoisomers of isoleucine and two possible diastereomers of L-isoleucine. However, isoleucine present in nature exists in one enantiomeric form, (2S,3S)-2-amino-3-methylpentanoic acid.
Rich sources of isoleucine are eggs, chicken, pork, mutton, pulses, soya beans, cottage cheese, milk, piyal seeds, cashew nuts, and cereal grains.
| Forms of Isoleucine | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Common name: | isoleucine | D-isoleucine | L-isoleucine | DL-isoleucine | allo-D-isoleucine | allo-L-isoleucine | allo-DL-isoleucine |
| Synonyms: | (R)-Isoleucine | L(+)-Isoleucine | (R*,R*)-isoleucine | alloisoleucine | |||
| PubChem: | CID 791 | CID 94206 | CID 6306 | CID 76551 | |||
| EINECS number: | 207-139-8 | 206-269-2 | 200-798-2 | 216-143-9 | 216-142-3 | 221-464-2 | |
| CAS number: | 443-79-8 | 319-78-8 | 73-32-5 | 1509-35-9 | 1509-34-8 | 3107-04-8 | |
[edit] External links
| Major Families of Biochemicals | ||
| Peptides | Amino acids | Nucleic acids | Carbohydrates | Lipids | Terpenes | Carotenoids | Tetrapyrroles | Enzyme cofactors | Steroids | Flavonoids | Alkaloids | Polyketides | Glycosides | ||
| Analogues of nucleic acids: | The 20 Common Amino Acids | Analogues of nucleic acids: |
| Alanine (dp) | Arginine (dp) | Asparagine (dp) | Aspartic acid (dp) | Cysteine (dp) | Glutamic acid (dp) | Glutamine (dp) | Glycine (dp) | Histidine (dp) | Isoleucine (dp) | Leucine (dp) | Lysine (dp) | Methionine (dp) | Phenylalanine (dp) | Proline (dp) | Serine (dp) | Threonine (dp) | Tryptophan (dp) | Tyrosine (dp) | Valine (dp) | ||
