Johan van Galen
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Johan van Galen (1604 – 23 March 1653) was a Commodore of the Republic of the Seven United Provinces of the Netherlands.
He was born in Essen. He fought in the Eighty Years' War against Spain, becoming a captain in 1630 and a regular captain in 1635, mostly fighting the Dunkirk Raiders. In 1639 he fought in the Battle of the Downs. In 1645, as a Rear-Admiral, he was part of Vice-Admiral Witte de With's convoy breaking the blockade of The Sound by Denmark. Both men were very hot-tempered and proud. Emotions ran so high that Van Galen at one point in his anger lowered his command flag and trampled it with his feet. De With put him in chains and delivered him to the capital of the adversary, Copenhagen. The embarassed Danish court released Van Galen after an intervention by the French envoy. A peculiarity of Van Galen is that he never served in the navy proper, an institution he disliked, but was employed by the Amsterdam Direction Chamber, a private organisation supporting the official navy. After the Republic had made peace with Spain in 1648, Van Galen was sent out three times to fight with Spanish assistance the corsairs of the Barbary Coast. In 1649 he was badly wounded when a gang of Spanish criminals intercepted him when he was returning in a sloop with prize money. Van Galen retired late in 1650, but when the First Anglo-Dutch War between the Republic and the Commonwealth of England broke out, he was asked by the States-General, on 13 July 1652, to assume command of a Dutch fleet in the Mediterranean, as a commodore. He departed on 3 August, reaching Livorno on 1 September. He was mortally wounded during the Battle of Leghorn, where his fleet destroyed part of the English Mediterranean Fleet. A cannon ball smashed his right lower leg; it was amputated below deck and Van Galen afterwards continued to direct the battle. He died from wound fever ten days later in Livorno. Cornelis Tromp was then a young captain under his command. Van Galen was given a state burial in the Nieuwe Kerk in Amsterdam and a marble grave memorial was erected in 1656 on which this poem is inscribed:
- Hier leit in t'Graf van Eer den dapperen Van Galen,
- Die eerst ging buit op buit Kastiliën afhalen,
- En, met een Leeuwenhert, nabij 't Toskaensche strant,
- De Britten heeft verjaegt, verovert en verbrandt.
Translation:
- In this honourable grave, brave Van Galen is lain
- Who first so many prizes won from the King of Spain
- Then with a Lion's Heart, near to the Toscan beach
- The British ships there chased, captured or burnt them each.
[edit] Literature
G.G. Hellinga, 2006, Zeehelden uit de Gouden Eeuw.
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