Karearea
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| Falco novaeseelandiae Gmelin, 1788 |
The Kārearea, or New Zealand Falcon, Falco novaeseelandiae, is New Zealand's only endemic falcon and indeed, the only remaining bird of prey endemic to New Zealand. It is frequently mistaken for the larger and more common Swamp Harrier.
A member of the Falconidae bird family, the Kārearea is mainly found in heavy bush and the steep high country in the South Island and is rarely seen north of a line through the central area of the North Island. Although protected since 1970, it is considered to be a vulnerable species.
The Kārearea is a hobby, a bird that is extremely fast and agile in flight reaching speeds of up to 200 km/h. Most of its prey is caught on the wing, and it kills with a “tooth” on its beak, unlike other Falconiformes which kill with their feet or claws.
It differs from the much larger Swamp Harrier, Circus approximans, which is common throughout New Zealand, in that it catches other birds on the wing, and seldom eats carrion. An aggressive bird that displays great violence when defending its territory, the Kārearea has been reported to attack dogs as well as people.
With a wingspan of about 45 cm and weight rarely exceeding 450 g, the Kārearea is slightly over half the size of the Kāhu, the Swamp Harrier, which it usually attacks on sight. The male is about two thirds the size of the female.
The Kārearea features on the reverse of the New Zealand $20 note and has twice been used on New Zealand stamps. It was also featured on a collectable $5 coin in 2006.[2]
[edit] Notes
- ^ BirdLife International (2004). Falco novaeseelandiae. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN 2006. Retrieved on 11 May 2006. Database entry includes a brief justification of why this species is near threatened
- ^ 2006 New Zealand Falcon coin sets. Accessed 6 April 2006.
