List of Polish monarchs
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Until 1795 Poland, or at least its nucleus, was ruled at various times either by książęta (dukes, ca. 960 – 1025, 1032–1076, 1079–1295, 1296–1300 and 1306–1320) or by kings (1025–1031, 1076–1079, 1295–1296, 1300–1306 and 1320–1795). The longest-reigning dynasties were the Piasts (ca. 960 – 1370) and Jagiellons (1386–1572). Intervening and subsequent monarchs were often also foreign rulers, or princes recruited from foreign dynasties. Polish independence ended with the Third Partition of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (1795) and was restored at the end of World War I (1918) on a republican basis.
Contents |
[edit] Kingdom of Poland of the Piasts
| Reign | in Polish | In English | Title | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
[edit] Early Piasts |
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[edit] Piast Dynasty |
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| 9th cent. | Siemowit | Siemowit | Prince (Duke) | (disputable) |
| 9th-10th cent. | Lestko | Lestko | Prince (Duke) | (disputable) |
| 10th cent. | Siemomysł | Siemomysl | Prince (Duke) | (disputable) |
| 960?-992 | Mieszko I | Mieszko I | Prince (Duke) | The first christian monarch of Poland |
| 992-1025 | Bolesław I the Brave | Boleslas I | King in 1025 | |
| 1025-1031 | Mieszko II Lambert | Mieszko II | King | (1st reign) |
| 1031-1032 | Bezprym | Bezprym | ||
| 1032-1034 | Mieszko II Lambert | Mieszko II | Prince (Duke) | 2nd reign |
| 1039-1058 | Kazimierz I the Restorer | Casimir I | Prince | |
| 1058-1079 | Bolesław II the Bold | Boleslas II | King 1076-1079 | deposed |
| 1079-1102 | Władysław I Herman | Ladislas I | ||
| 1102-1107 | Zbigniew of Poland | Zbigniew | ||
| 1102-1138 | Bolesław III Wrymouth | Boleslas III | ||
[edit] Fragmentation |
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[edit] Piast Dynasty |
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| 1138-1146 | Władysław II the Exile | Ladislas II | overlord | exiled by his brothers |
| 1146-1173 | Bolesław IV the Curly | Boleslas IV | overlord | |
| 1173-1177 | Mieszko III the Old | Mieszko III | overlord | |
| 1177-1194 | Kazimierz II the Just | Casimir II | Duke of Kraków | |
| 1194-1202 | Leszek I the White | Leszek I | Duke of Kraków | 1st reign |
| 1202-1206 | Władysław III Spindleshanks | Ladislas III | 1st reign | |
| 1206-1210 | Leszek I the White | Leszek II | Duke of Kraków | 2nd reign |
| 1210-1211 | Mieszko IV Tanglefoot | Mieszko IV | ||
| 1211-1227 | Leszek I the White | Leszek I | 3rd reign; assassinated | |
| 1227-1229 | Władysław III Spindleshanks | Ladislas III | 2nd reign | |
| 1229-1232 | Konrad I of Masovia | Conrad | 1st reign | |
| 1232-1238 | Henryk I the Bearded | Henry I | Duke of Kraków | |
| 1238-1241 | Henryk II the Pious | Henry II | Duke of Kraków | killed at the Battle of Legnica |
| 1241-1243 | Konrad I of Masovia | Conrad | Duke of Kraków | 2nd reign |
| 1243-1279 | Bolesław V the Chaste | Boleslas V | Duke of Kraków | |
| 1279-1288 | Leszek II the Black | Leszek II | ||
| 1288-1290 | Henryk IV Probus | Henry IV | Duke of Kraków | |
| 1290-1296 | Przemysł II | Premyslas II | Duke of Kraków 1290-1291 King 1295-1296 |
assassinated |
[edit] Přemyslid Dynasty |
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| 1291-1305 | Václav II | Venceslas II | King 1300-1305 | |
| 1305-1306 | Václav III | Venceslas III | King | assassinated before he could be crowned |
[edit] Late Piasts |
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[edit] Piast Dynasty |
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| 1306-1333 | Władysław I the Elbow-high | Ladislas (IV) | Duke of Kraków 1305-1320 King 1320-1333 |
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| 1333-1370 | Kazimierz III the Great | Casimir III | ||
[edit] Kingdom of Poland of the Jagiellons
| Reign | in Polish | In English | Title | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
[edit] Angevin Dynasty |
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| 1370-1382 | Ludwik the Hungarian | Louis | ||
| 1384-1399 | Jadwiga Angevin | Jadwiga/Hedwig | crowned King of Poland; from 1386 | reigned together with her husband, Władysław II Jagiełło |
[edit] Jagiellon Dynasty |
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| 1386-1434 | Władysław II Jagiełło | Ladislaus Jagiello | King of Poland Grand Duke of Lithuania |
reigned together with his wife Jadwiga until 1399 |
| 1434-1444 | Władysław III of Varna | Ladislas (VI) | KoP, GDoL | so called, because killed at the Battle of Varna |
| 1447-1492 | Kazimierz IV Jagiellon | Casimir (III/IV) | KoP, GDoL | |
| 1492-1501 | Jan I Olbracht | John I Albert | KoP | |
| 1501-1506 | Aleksander Jagiellon | Alexander | GDoL,KoP | |
| 1506-1548 | Zygmunt I the Old | Sigismund I | KoP,GDoL | |
| 1548-1572 | Zygmunt II August | Sigismund II | KoP,GDoL | |
[edit] Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
| Reign | in Polish | In English | Title | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
[edit] Valois Dynasty |
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| 1573-1574 | Henryk Walezy (Henri de Valois) |
Henry | KoP, GDoL | who, after abandoning the Polish-Lithuanian throne, became Henry III of France |
[edit] Jagiellon Dynasty |
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| 1575-1586 | Anna Jagiellon | Anna of Jagello | Queen of Poland Grand Duchess of Lithuania |
from 1576, reigned together with her husband, Stefan Batory |
[edit] House of Báthory |
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| 1576-1586 | Stefan Batory | Stephen | KoP,GDoL | reigned together with his wife, Anna Jagiellon |
[edit] Vasa Dynasty |
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| 1587-1632 | Zygmunt III Vasa | Sigismund III | KoP, GDoL | |
| 1632-1648 | Władysław IV Vasa | Ladislas IV | KoP,GDoL | |
| 1648-1668 | Jan II Kazimierz Vasa | John II Casimir | KoP,GDoL | abdicated |
[edit] House of Wiśniowiecki |
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| 1669-1673 | Michał Korybut Wiśniowiecki | Michael I | KoP, GDoL | |
[edit] House of Sobieski |
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| 1674-1696 | Jan III Sobieski | John III | KoP,GDoL | |
[edit] Wettin Dynasty |
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| 1697-1706 | August II the Strong | August II | KoP,GDoL | 1st reign; abdicated |
[edit] House of Leszczyński |
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| 1704-1709 | Stanisław Leszczyński | Stanislas I | KoP,GDoL | 1st reign; emigrated |
[edit] Wettin Dynasty |
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| 1709-1733 | August II the Strong | August II | KoP,GDoL | 2nd reign |
[edit] House of Leszczyński |
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| 1733-1736 | Stanisław Leszczyński | Stanislas I | KoP,GDoL | 2nd reign; abdicated |
[edit] Wettin Dynasty |
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| 1734-1763 | August III the Saxon | August III | KoP,GDoL | |
[edit] House of Poniatowski |
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| 1764-1795 | Stanisław August Poniatowski | Stanislas II August | KoP,GDoL | abdicated |
[edit] Partitions, 1795-1918
[edit] Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria
| Reign | in Polish | In English | Title | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
[edit] Habsburg Dynasty |
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| 1772-1780 | Maria Teresa | Maria Theresa of Austria | Queen of GL | |
| 1780-1790 | Józef II | Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor | KoGL | |
| 1790-1792 | Leopold II | Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor | KoGL | |
| 1792-1835 | Franciszek II | Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor | KoGL | |
| 1835-1848 | Ferdynand I | Ferdinand I of Austria | KoGL | |
| 1848-1916 | Franciszek Józef I | Franz Joseph I of Austria | KoGL | |
| 1916-1918 | Karol I | Karl I of Austria | KoGL | |
[edit] Duchy of Warsaw
| Reign | in Polish | In English | Title | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
[edit] Wettin Dynasty |
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| 1807-1815 | Fryderyk August | king Frederick Augustus I of Saxony | the Duchy was abolished at the Congress of Vienna | |
[edit] Congress Kingdom
| Reign | in Polish | In English | Title | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
[edit] Romanov Dynasty |
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| 1815-1825 | Aleksander I | Alexander I of Russia | KoP | |
| 1825-1831 | Mikołaj I | Nicholas I of Russia | KoP | deposed by Sejm during uprising |
| 1831-1855 | Mikołaj I | Nicholas I of Russia | KoP | de facto King of Poland |
| 1855-1881 | Aleksander II | Alexander II of Russia | KoP | de facto King of Poland |
| 1881-1894 | Aleksander III | Alexander III of Russia | KoP | de facto King of Poland |
| 1894-1916 | Mikołaj II | Nicholas II of Russia | KoP | de facto King of Poland, renounced |
[edit] Grand Duchy of Poznań
| Reign | in Polish | In English | Title | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
[edit] Hohenzollern Dynasty |
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| 1815-1840 | Fryderyk Wilhelm III | Frederick William III of Prussia | GDoP | to 1831, represented by Duke-Governor Antoni Radziwiłł |
| 1840-1861 | Fryderyk Wilhelm IV | Frederick William IV of Prussia | GDoP | in 1849, the autonomy of the Grand Duchy was abolished but Prussian Kings and Emperors of Germany still used title of Grand Duke of Poznań |
| 1861-1888 | Wilhelm I | William I of Germany | GDoP | |
| 1888-1888 | Fryderyk III | Frederick III of Germany | GDoP | |
| 1888-1918 | Wilhelm II | William II of Germany | GDoP | Abdicated on 9 November 1918 |
[edit] See also
- Royal coronations in Poland
- Royal Coronations at Wawel Cathedral
- Dukes of Greater Poland
- Dukes of Masovia
- Dukes of Pomerania
- Dukes of Sieradz-Łęczyca
- Dukes of Silesia
- List of Galician rulers
