List of Swedish monarchs
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This is a list of Swedish monarchs, that is, the Kings and ruling Queens of Sweden, with Regents and Viceroys of the Kalmar Union up until the present time.
Lists of succession traditionally start with the first Swedish king ruling over both Swedes and Geats, which, probably, would be Olof Skötkonung, and his father Erik Segersäll, which also were the first of Swedish kings to become christians. Because of this, there are lists of Swedish pagan monarchs with far older dates, that in many cases are derived from historical romances and therefore of dubious historical authenticity. These records contain the House of Yngling, and based on the Danish chronicler Saxo Grammaticus, Erik Segersäll and Olof Skötkonung have often been classified as belonging to the Swedish house of Ynglings. However, the sagas tell that this line of kings was broken (see Ingjald and Ivar Vidfamne), and trace them back to Sigurd Ring and Ragnar Lodbrok (whom Saxo, on the other hand, considered to belong to the House of Yngling). As there is no evidence that Eric and Olof ever used the Yngling name themselves, modern historians instead refer to their family as the House of Munsö, the House of Ivar and Ragnar Lodbrok, the Old Dynasty or the House of Uppsala.
In the 16th century, Johannes Magnus constructed a mythical line of Swedish kings, beginning with Magog, the son of Japheth, to demonstrate the antiquity of the Swedish throne. On the basis of his list, Eric XIV and Charles IX adopted their high ordinals; previous monarchs with those names are traditionally numbered counting backward from Eric XIV and Charles IX.
[edit] Monarchs and Regents of Sweden
For lists of the prehistoric kings of Sweden see
[edit] The House of Munsö or Uppsala
- c. 970- c. 995 : Erik the Victorious (Erik Segersäll)
- c. 995- c. 1022 : Olof the Treasurer (Olof Skötkonung)
- c. 1022-1050 : Anund Jacob (Anund Jakob) - and in south and east Canute of Denmark
- 1050-1060 : Emund the Old (Emund den gamle)
[edit] The House of Stenkil
- 1060-1066 : Stenkil (Stenkil Ragnvaldsson)
- 1066-1067 : Eric Stenkilson (Erik (VII) Stenkilsson)
- 1066-1067 : Eric the Pagan (Erik (VIII) Hedningen)
- 1067-1070 : Halsten Stenkilsson (Halsten)
- 1070-1075 : Anund the Russian (Anund Gårdske) (Uppland only)
- 1075-1079 : Haakon the Red (Håkan Röde) (from 1070 in some areas of the country, from 1075 in Uppland)
- 1079-1084 : Inge the Elder (Inge (I) den äldre)
- 1084-1087 : Blot-Sweyn (Blot-Sven)
- 1087-1088 : Eric Årsäll
- 1087-1105 : Inge the Elder (Inge (I) den äldre)
- 1105-1118 : Philip Halsten (Filip Halstensson)
- 1110-1125 : Inge the Younger (Inge (II) den yngre)
- 1125-1126 : Ragnvald Knaphövde (not recognized in Östergötland or Västergötland)
- 1125-1130 : Magnus the Strong (recognized in Västergötland)
[edit] The Houses of Sverker and Erik
- 1130-1156 : Sverker the Elder/Sverker Clubfoot (Sverker den äldre/Sverker Klumpfot, from 1125 in Östergötland) - The House of Sverker
- 1156-1160 : Erik the Saint (Erik den helige) - The House of Eric
- 1160-1161 : Magnus Henriksen - The House of Stenkil
- 1161-1167 : Karl Sverkerson (Karl Sverkersson) - The House of Sverker
- 1167-1169 : Kol and Boleslaw Sverkerson (Kol och Burislev Sverkersson eldest and youngest son of Sverker) (Östergötland only) - The House of Sverker
- 1169-1173 : Kol Sverkerson (Kol Sverkersson eldest son of Sverker) (alone after Bloeslaw's death; Östergötland only) - The House of Sverker
- 1167-1196 : Knut Ericson (Knut Eriksson) (1167-1173 not in Östergötland; from 1173 also in Östergötland) - The House of Eric
- 1196-1208 : Sverker the Younger (Sverker den yngre) - The House of Sverker
- 1208-1216 : Erik X (Erik Knutsson) - The House of Eric
- 1216-1222 : Johan Sverkerson the Child (Johan Sverkersson Unge) - The House of Sverker
- 1222-1229 : Erik the Lisp and Lame (Erik Läspe och Halte) - The House of Eric
- 1229-1234 : Knut the Tall (Knut Långe)
- 1234-1250 : Erik the Lisp and Lame (Erik Läspe och Halte) - The House of Eric
[edit] The House of Bjelbo
- 1248-1266 : Birger Jarl (reigning Jarl)
- 1250-1275 : Valdemar (Valdemar Birgersson)
- 1275-1290 : Magnus Ladislaus (Magnus Ladulås, technically Magnus III)
- 1290-1318 : Birger (Birger Magnusson)
- 1318-1319 : regent Mats Kettilmundson
- 1319-1364 : Magnus Ericson (Magnus Eriksson, technically Magnus IV)
- 1363-1389 : Albert of Mecklenburg (Albrekt av Mecklenburg)
- 1385-1387 : Olof Haakonson (in opposition to Albert; pretender of the Swedish crown)
[edit] Monarchs of the Kalmar Union and Regents (Riksföreståndare)
- 1389-1412 : Margaret (Margareta Valdemarsdotter)
- 1396-1439 : Eric (XIII) of Sweden (Erik av Pommern)
- 1435-1436 : Regent Engelbrekt Engelbrektsson (rikshövitsman)
- 1438-1440 : Regent Karl Knutsson (Bonde)
- 1441-1448 : Christopher of Bavaria (Kristoffer av Bayern)
- 1448-1448 : Regents Bengt Jönsson (Oxenstierna) and Nils Jönsson (Oxenstierna)
- 1448-1457 : Charles (VIII) Knutsson
- 1457-1457 : Regents Jöns Bengtsson (Oxenstierna), archbishop of Upsala, and Erik Axelsson (Tott)
- 1457-1464 : Christian I of Sweden (Kristian I)
- 1464-1465 : Charles Knutsson, again
- 1465-1465 : Regent Kettil Karlsson (Vasa), bishop of Linköping
- 1465-1466 : Regent Jöns Bengtsson (Oxenstierna)
- 1466-1467 : Regent Erik Axelsson (Tott)
- 1467-1470 : Charles Knutsson, again
- 1470-1497 : Regent Sten Sture the Elder (Sten Sture den äldre)
- 1497-1501 : John (II)/Hans of Sweden (Hans)
- 1501-1503 : Regent Sten Sture the Elder
- 1504-1511 : Regent Svante Nilsson (Svante Nilsson, herr till Ekesjö)
- 1512-1512 : Regent Erik Arvidsson Trolle
- 1512-1520 : Regent Sten Sture the Younger (Sten Sture den yngre)
- 1520-1521 : Christian II of Sweden
[edit] The House of Vasa
- 1521-1560 : Gustav Vasa (Gustav Vasa)
- As Gustaf Eriksson (Vasa), regent 1521-1523
- 1560-1568 : Eric XIV (Erik XIV)
- 1568-1592 : John III (Johan III)
- 1592-1599 : Sigismund III Vasa (Sigismund)
- 1599-1611 : Charles IX (Karl IX)
- As Duke Charles, regent 1599-1604
- 1611-1632 : Gustav II Adolf (Gustav Adolf the Great, Gustaf II Adolf den store)
- 1632-1654 : Christina (Kristina)
[edit] The House of Palatinate-Zweibrücken
- Also known as The House of Wittelsbach Palatinate-Zweibrücken-Kleeburg or The House of Pfalz
- 1654-1660 : Charles X Gustav (Karl X Gustaf)
- 1660-1697 : Charles XI (Karl XI)
- 1697-1718 : Charles XII (Karl XII)
- 1719-1720 : Ulrika Eleonora
[edit] The House of Hesse
- 1720-1751 : Frederick I (Fredrik I)
[edit] The House of Holstein-Gottorp
- 1751-1771 : Adolf Frederick (Adolf Fredrik)
- 1771-1792 : Gustav III
- 1792-1809 : Gustav IV Adolf
- 1792-1796 : Charles, Duke of Sudermannia, regent
- 1809-1818 : Charles XIII (Karl XIII)
[edit] The House of Bernadotte
- 1818-1844 : Charles XIV John (Karl XIV Johan)
- 1844-1859 : Oscar I
- 1859-1872 : Charles XV (Karl XV)
- 1872-1907 : Oscar II
- 1907-1950 : Gustaf V
- 1950-1973 : Gustaf VI Adolf
- Since 1973 : Carl XVI Gustaf
[edit] References
- The Cambridge History of Scandinavia. Vol.I. Cambridge University Press, 2003 (ISBN 0521472997
- Morby John E. Dynasties of the World. Oxford University Press, 2002 (ISBN 0-19-860473-4).
- Liljegren, Bengt. Rulers of Sweden. Historiska Media, 2004 (ISBN 91-85057-63-0).
- Lagerqvist Lars O., Åberg Nils. Kings and Rulers of Sweden. Vincent Publications, 2002 (ISBN 91-87064-35-9).
[edit] See also
- Royal mottos of Swedish monarchs
- Line of succession to the Swedish Throne
- Swedish monarchs family tree
- Heirs of Sverker dynasty
- List of Swedish queens
- List of Swedish governments
