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List of basic philosophy topics - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

List of basic philosophy topics

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Lists of basic topics
Help:Contents
Lists of basic topics
For a more comprehensive treatment of philosophy, see the Lists of philosophy topics.

Philosophy is a broad field of knowledge in which the definition of knowledge itself is one of the subjects investigated. It spans the nature of the universe, the mind, and the body; the relationships between all three, and between people. Philosophy is a field of inquiry – the pursuit of wisdom; the predecessor and complement of science, developing the issues which underly science and pondering those questions which are beyond the scope of science. Basic topics in philosophy include:

Contents

[hide]

[edit] Nature of philosophy

Main article: Philosophy

[edit] Subdivisions of philosophy

See also List of philosophy component types

[edit] Branches of philosophy

See also: Axiology

[edit] Subdisciplines of philosophy

[edit] Philosophical movements

[edit] Philosophical movements of the ancient world

[edit] Philosophical movements of the modern world

[edit] Major doctrines, principles, and theories of philosophy

Metaphysics

atheism
atomism
christian theology
determinism
essentialism
existentialism
externalism
fideism
foundationalism
idealism
materialism
mysticism
naturalism
nihilism
monism
monotheism
objectivism (metaphysics)
panentheism
pantheism
physicalism
polytheism
realism
reductionism
relativism
solipsism
subjectivism
taoism
theism
theological philosophy
transcendentalism

Epistemology, logic, & philosophy of mind

absolute knowledge
agnosticism
functionalism
formalism
dualism
dogmatism
empiricism
conceptualism
constructivism
deconstructionism
intuitionism
internalism
instrumentalism
logical positivism
logicism
mentalism
nominalism
non-cognitivism
perspectivism
phenomenalism
pluralism
positivism (related: logical empiricism; logical positivism)
pragmatism
probability
psychologism
rationalism
representationalism
scholasticism
scientism
skepticism
vitalism
voluntarism

Ethics, social & political philosophy

altruism
anarchism
anthropomorphism
asceticism
behaviorism
Buddhism
capitalism
communitarianism
Confucianism
consequentialism
deontology
dialectical materialism
egalitarianism
egoism
emotivism
ethical relativism
eudaimonia
evolutionary theory
expression theory of art
feminist theory
historicism
holism
humanism
individualism
intellectualism
legal positivism
liberalism
libertarianism
modernism
moral absolutism
moral relativism
moral universalism
post modernism
sophism
stoicism
totalitarianism
utilitarianism
Zoroastrianism

[edit] Regional philosophy

[edit] History of philosophy

Main article: History of philosophy

[edit] Fundamental philosophical questions

See also: Unsolved problems in philosophy

[edit] Basic philosophical concepts

Below are basic terms of philosophy which are not covered above:

[edit] Western philosophical concepts

[edit] General

deconstruction -- dialectic -- freethought -- know thyself -- life stance -- meaning of life -- perennial philosophy -- philosopher -- philosophy and literature -- pragmatics -- rationality -- reason (practical, speculative, and theoretical) -- semantics -- semiotics -- The Republic (Plato) -- rhetoric -- Thus Spoke Zarathustra -- universals (problem of) -- The Urantia Book -- Vienna Circle -- Weltanschauung -- wisdom -- women in philosophy -- world view -- Young Hegelians -- Zeitgeist --

[edit] Aesthetics

Main article: Aesthetics

[edit] Epistemology

Main article: Epistemology

A priori -- A posteriori -- belief -- certainty -- Five Ws -- hypothesis -- internalism and externalism -- justification -- justified true belief knowledge -- prejudice -- scientific method -- truth -- uncertainty -- verification --

[edit] Ethics

Main article: Ethics

action -- action theory -- bioethics -- business ethics -- eudaimonia -- evil -- descriptive ethics -- freedom of religion -- genethics -- good happiness -- the Happy Human -- environmental ethics -- human flourishing -- euthanasia -- freedom -- human rights -- intolerance -- justice -- justification of human rights -- medical ethics -- morality norm -- normative ethics -- original position personal value -- quality of life -- social contract -- Symposium (by Plato) -- tolerance -- Universal Declaration of Human Rights -- value theory -- values -- veil of ignorance -- vice -- violence -- virtue -- virtue ethics -- virtue theory -- voluntary euthanasia -- war and philosophy -- weakness of will -- Welfare -- welfare economics -- well-being -- wrong

[edit] Logic

Main articles: Argumentation theory and Logic

abduction -- ambiguity -- analogy -- argument -- argument, logical -- axiom -- deduction -- fallacy -- induction -- inference -- non-contradiction, law of -- reason -- validity -- Venn diagram -- voting paradox -- well-formed formula --

[edit] Fallacies
Main article: Fallacy

[edit] Metaphysics

Main article: Metaphysics

awareness -- absolute -- being -- categories of the understanding -- causality -- Cogito, ergo sum -- consciousness -- cosmology -- cosmogony -- creation Dasein -- essence -- evolution -- existence -- free will human nature -- irreligion -- I think, therefore I am -- nature -- noumenon -- object-- ontology -- origin beliefs -- perception -- perception, philosophy of -- rational choice theory - reality -- religion -- self -- sense data -- spirituality -- subject-- substance -- tabula rasa -- thing in itself -- understanding, categories of the -- universal -- veil of perception -- volition -- will -- will to power -- Zeno's paradoxes --

[edit] Eastern philosophical concepts

Wheel of life -- yang -- yin -- yin and yang -- Yoga -- zen --

[edit] Philosophers

Main article: Lists of philosophers

[edit] Analytics

Main article: Analytic philosophy

[edit] Classical philosophers

[edit] Deconstructionists

Main article: Deconstruction

[edit] Eastern philosophers

Main article: Eastern philosophy

[edit] Empiricists

Main article: Empiricism

[edit] Existentialists

Main article: Existentialism

[edit] German idealists

Main article: German idealism

[edit] Logical positivists

Main article: Logical positivism

[edit] Pessimists

Main article: Pessimism

[edit] Phenomenologists

Main article: Phenomenology

Joesph Niedymeyer

[edit] Political philosophers

Main article: Political philosophy

[edit] Pragmatists

Main article: Pragmatism

[edit] Rationalists

Main article: Rationalism

[edit] Structuralists

Main article: Structuralism

[edit] Utilitarians

Main article: Utilitarianism

[edit] Philosophy lists

Main lists: Lists of philosophy topics and List of philosophy topics (index)

[edit] See also

[edit] Books

Following are some introductions to and overviews of philosophy and philosophical issues:

[edit] External links

Find more information on Philosophy by searching Wikipedia's sister projects
 Dictionary definitions from Wiktionary
 Textbooks from Wikibooks
 Quotations from Wikiquote
 Source texts from Wikisource
 Images and media from Commons
 News stories from Wikinews
 Learning resources from Wikiversity

[edit] General online philosophy resources

[edit] Philosophy template

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