Timeline of Eastern philosophers

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Timeline of eastern | western philosophers

This is a wide-ranging list of philosophers from the Eastern traditions of philosophy, with special interest in Indo-Chinese philosophy. The list stops at the year 1950, after which philosophers fall into the category of Contemporary philosophy.

Contents 1 Chinese philosophers 1.1 Ancient Chinese philosophers 1.1.1 Before 256 BCE (until the end of the Zhou Dynasty) 1.1.1.1 475–221 BCE (Warring States Period) 1.1.2 221BCE–220 CE (Qin, Han and Xin Dynasties) 1.1.3 220 CE–907 CE (Three Kingdoms period to Tang Dynasty) 1.1.4 907–1368 (Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period to Yuan Dynasty) 1.1.5 1368–1912 (Ming and Qing Dynasties) 1.2 Modern Chinese philosophers 1.2.1 1912–1950 2 Indian philosophers 2.1 Ancient philosophers 2.1.1 Prehistory 2.1.2 2500–1550 BCE (Indus and Saraswati civilisations) 2.1.3 1000–600 BCE (Vedic period) 2.1.4 600–400 BCE (Buddhism and Jainism) 2.1.5 321–184 BCE (Mauryan Empire) 2.1.6 184 BCE–100 CE 2.1.7 100–300 (Cholas, Cheras, Pandavas) 2.1.8 300–550 (Gupta Empire) 2.1.9 600–900 2.1.10 900–1100 (Muslim dominance) 2.1.11 1100–1500 2.1.12 1500–1800 (Mughal Empire) 2.2 Modern Indian philosophers 2.2.1 1800–1900 (British rule) 2.2.2 20th century 3 Japanese philosophers 3.1 Ancient Japanese philosophers 3.1.1 Until 1185 CE (until the end of the Heian Period) 3.1.2 1185–1333 (Kamakura Period) 3.1.3 1333–1867 (Muromachi Period to Edo Period) 3.2 Modern Japanese philosophers 3.2.1 1867–1950 4 Korean philosophers 5 Tibetan philosophers 6 External links

[edit] Chinese philosophers

[edit] Ancient Chinese philosophers

[edit] Before 256 BCE (until the end of the Zhou Dynasty)

• Guan Zhong (died in 645 BCE)
• Confucius (traditionally 551–479 BCE) — founder of Confucianism
• Sun Tzu (c. 544–c. 496 BCE) — military philosopher

[edit] 475–221 BCE (Warring States Period)

• Gaozi (c. 420 BCE)
• Laozi (4th century BCE, approx.) — influenced Taoism
• Liezi (c. 440–c. 360 BCE)
• Mencius (most accepted dates: 372–289 BCE; other possible dates: 385–303 BCE or 302 BCE) — political philosopher, social contract
• Mozi (c. 470–c. 390 BCE) — political and religious philosopher
• Gongsun Longzi (fl. 300 BCE)
• Hsu Hsing (c. 315 BCE)
• Hui Shi (4th century BCE)
• Shang Yang (died 338 BCE)
• Shen Buhai (died 337 BCE)
• Shen Dao (circa 350–275 BCE)
• Sung Hsing (360–290 BCE)
• Yang Chu (370–319 BCE)
• Zhuang Zi (4th century BCE, approx.) — major Taoist philosopher
• Han Feizi (died 233 BCE) — totalistic legalism
• Xun Zi (c.310–237 BCE) — Confucianist, pessimistic about human nature
• Zou Yan (305?–240? BCE)— School of Naturalists, Yin-Yang, Five Elements

[edit] 221BCE–220 CE (Qin, Han and Xin Dynasties)

• Cheng Hsuan (127–200 CE)
• Chia Yi (201–169 BCE)
• Dong Zhongshu (c.176–c.104 BCE)
• Ho Yen (190–249 CE)
• Huai Nun Tzu (179–122 BCE)
• Wang Chong (27–97 CE)
• Yang Xiong (53 BCE–18 CE)

[edit] 220 CE–907 CE (Three Kingdoms period to Tang Dynasty)

• Zhi Dun (314–366)
• Fazang (643–712)
• Han Yu (768–824)
• Juan Chi (210–263)
• Ko Hung (4th century)
• Kuo Hsiang (died 312)
• Li Ao (722–841)
• Linji (died 866)
• Sengzhao (384–414)
• Wang Pi (226–249) — commentator on Lao Zi and the I Ching
• Zhiyi (538–597)
• Zongmi (780–841)

[edit] 907–1368 (Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period to Yuan Dynasty)

• Chang Tsai (1020–1077)
• Cheng Hao (1032–1085) — established the Confucian "School of Mind"
• Cheng Yi (1033–1107)
• Zhou Dunyi (1017–1073)
• Hu Yuan (993–1059) — revived Confucianism
• Shao Yung (1011–1077)
• Zhu Xi (1130–1200) — thinker of the Confucianist "School of Principle"
• Hu-Hung (1100–1155)
• Lu Hsiang-shan (1139–1193)

[edit] 1368–1912 (Ming and Qing Dynasties)

• Chang Hsueh-ch'eng (1738–1801)
• Ch'en Hsien-chang (1428–1500)
• Chiao Hung (1540–1620)
• Huang Zongxi (1610–1695)
• Kang Youwei (1858–1927)
• Liang Qichao (1873–1929)
• Liu Tsung-chou (1578–1645)
• Sun Yat-sen (1866–1925)
• Tai Chen (1724–1777)
• T'an Ssu-t'ung (1864–1898)
• Wang Fuzhi (1619–1692)
• Wang Yangming (1472–1529)
• Yen Yuan (1635–1704)

[edit] Modern Chinese philosophers

[edit] 1912–1950

• Ch'ien Mu (1895–1990)
• Thome H. Fang (1899–1976)
• Feng Youlan (1895–1990)
• Hao Wang (1921–1995)
• Hsiung Shih-li (1885–1968)
• Hsu Fu-kuan (1903–1982)
• Hu Shih (1891–1962)
• Liang Sou-ming (1893–1988)
• Liu Shaoqi (1898–1969)
• Mao Zedong (1893–1976)
• Mou Tsung-san (1909–1995)
• T'ang Chun-i (1909–1978)

[edit] Indian philosophers

[edit] Ancient philosophers

[edit] Prehistory

• Rishaba — the first official religious guru of Jainism, as accredited by later followers

[edit] 2500–1550 BCE (Indus and Saraswati civilisations)

• Yajnavalkya (circa 1800 BCE) — one of the vedic sages, greatly influenced Buddhistic thought

[edit] 1000–600 BCE (Vedic period)

• Parshva — a Jainist guru

[edit] 600–400 BCE (Buddhism and Jainism)

• Carvaka (?) — materialism
• Siddhartha Gautama (circa 563–483 BCE) — founder of Buddhism
• Mahavira (599–527 BCE) — heavily influenced Jainism, the founder of the religion
• Mohabiir — Jainism

[edit] 321–184 BCE (Mauryan Empire)

• Aksapada Gautama (circa 2nd century BCE)
• Chanakya (circa 350–275 BCE)

[edit] 184 BCE–100 CE

• Patanjali — Yoga Sutra
• Badarayana (lived between 200 BCE and 400 CE) — (Author of Brahma Sutra)

[edit] 100–300 (Cholas, Cheras, Pandavas)

• Nagarjuna (circa 150–250 CE) — Madhyamaka Buddhism

[edit] 300–550 (Gupta Empire)

• Bhartrhari
• Bodhidharma (circa 440–528) — Zen Buddhist
• Buddhaghosa (5th century)
• Dignaga (5th century)
• Uddyotakara
• Vasubandhu (?)
• Vatsyayana (?)

[edit] 600–900

• Candrakirti (born circa 600) — Madhyamaka Buddhist
• Dharmakirti (circa 7th century)
• Adi Shankara (circa 788–820) — Advaita Vedanta school

[edit] 900–1100 (Muslim dominance)

• Abhinavagupta (circa 975–1025)
• Ramanuja (1017–1137 CE) — qualified non-dualism
• Udayana

[edit] 1100–1500

• Basaveshwara (1134–1196)
• Shri Madhvacharya (1238–1317)
• Chaitanya Mahaprabhu (1486–1534)
• Gangeśa Upādhyāya (13th century)

[edit] 1500–1800 (Mughal Empire)

• Gadadhara Bhattacharya
• Shah Wali Allah
• Vallabhacharya (1479–1531)

[edit] Modern Indian philosophers

[edit] 1800–1900 (British rule)

• Rabindranath Tagore — individualism

[edit] 20th century

• Bhimrao Ambedkar
• Sri Aurobindo (1872–1950)
• Mahatma Gandhi (1869–1948)
• Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan (1888–1975)
• Amartya Sen (born 1933)
• Osho (1931–1990)
• Jiddu Krishnamurti (1895–1986)

[edit] Japanese philosophers

[edit] Ancient Japanese philosophers

[edit] Until 1185 CE (until the end of the Heian Period)

• Kūkai (774–835)
• Honen Shonin (1133–1212)

[edit] 1185–1333 (Kamakura Period)

• Shinran (1173–1261)
• Dōgen Zenji (1200–1253)
• Nichiren (1222–1282)

[edit] 1333–1867 (Muromachi Period to Edo Period)

• Zeami Motokiyo (c. 1363–c. 1443)
• Fujiwara Seika (1561–1619)
• Miyamoto Musashi (1584–1645)
• Kumazawa Banzan (1619–1691)
• Ito Jinsai (1627–1705)
• Kaibara Ekiken (1630–1714)
• Ogyū Sorai (1666–1728)
• Hakuin Ekaku (1686–1769)
• Tominaga Nakamoto (1715–1746)
• Motoori Norinaga (1730–1801)
• Nishi Amane (1829–1897)
• Osho (1931–1990)

[edit] Modern Japanese philosophers

[edit] 1867–1950

• Nishida Kitaro (1870–1945)
• Tanabe Hajime (1885–1962)
• Kuki Shuzo (1888–1941)
• Watsuji Tetsuro (1889–1960)
• Miki Kiyoshi (1897–1945)
• Nishitani Keiji (1900–1990)

[edit] Korean philosophers

• Wonchuk (613–696)
• Wonhyo Daisa (617–686)
• Uisang (625–702)
• Jinul (1158–1210)
• Yi Hwang (1501–1570)
• Sosan Hyujong (1520–1604)
• Yi I (1536–1584)
• Yi Kan (1677–1727)
• Han Wonjin (1682–1751)
• Tasan Chông Yagyong (1762–1836)
• Jaegwon Kim (born 1934)

[edit] Tibetan philosophers

• Sa skya pandita (1182–1251)
• Je Tsongkhapa (1357–1419)
• Gyeltsap Darma Rinchen (1364–1432)
• Kaydrup glek belsangbo (1385–1438)
• Mikyo Dorje (1507–1554)

[edit] External links

• Chinese Philosophy by Richard Hooker