List of non-passerine birds of Korea
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This is a list of all non-passerine birds ever found in the wild in Korea, including the Korean Peninsula and islands.
- See also: List of Korean birds and List of passerine birds of Korea
[edit] Loons
Order: Gaviiformes Family: Gaviidae
| Common name
(Korean name) |
Species
(Authority) |
Preferred habitat | Range | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Red-throated Loon | Gavia stellata
|
Coasts and estuaries. | Winter visitor on southern coasts. |
|
| Arctic Loon | Gavia arctica
|
Coasts. | Winter visitor throughout. |
|
| Pacific Loon | Gavia pacifica
|
Coasts and estuaries. | Winter visitor in south and east. |
|
| Yellow-billed Loon | Gavia adamsii
|
Coasts and estuaries. | Winter visitor in northwest. |
|
[edit] Grebes
Order: Podicipediformes Family: Podicipedidae
| Common name
(Korean name) |
Species
(Authority) |
Preferred habitat | Range | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Little Grebe | Tachybaptus ruficollis
|
Lakes and rivers. | Resident in southern Korea; winter visitor throughout. |
|
| Red-necked Grebe | Podiceps grisegena
|
Lakes and rivers. | Winter visitor on southern coasts. |
|
| Great Crested Grebe | Podiceps cristatus
|
Coasts, lakes, and rivers. | Winter visitor in southern and central Korea. |
|
| Horned Grebe | Podiceps auritus
|
Coasts, lakes, and estuaries. | Winter visitor on southern coasts. |
|
| Black-necked Grebe | Podiceps nigricollis
|
Coasts, lakes, and estuaries. | Winter visitor throughout |
|
[edit] Albatrosses
Order: Procellariidae Family: Diomedeidae
| Common name
(Korean name) |
Species
(Authority) |
Preferred habitat | Range | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Short-tailed Albatross
|
Phoebastria albatrus
|
Pelagic. |
|
[edit] Petrels and shearwaters
Order: Procellariiformes Family: Procellariidae
| Common name
(Korean name) |
Species
(Authority) |
Preferred habitat | Range | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Streaked Shearwater | Calonectris leucomelas
|
Pelagic. | Summer visitor on islands. |
|
| Flesh-footed Shearwater | Puffinus carneipes
|
Pelagic. | Migrant through coastal regions. |
|
| Short-tailed Shearwater | Puffinus tenuirostris
|
Pelagic. | Migrant through coastal regions. |
|
| Bonin Petrel | Pterodroma hypoleuca
|
Pelagic. |
|
[edit] Storm petrels
Order: Procellariidae Family: Hydrobatidae
| Common name
(Korean name) |
Species
(Authority) |
Preferred habitat | Range | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Swinhoe's Storm-Petrel | Oceanodroma monorhis
|
Pelagic. | Summer visitor on islands. |
|
[edit] Pelicans
Order: Pelecaniformes Family: Pelecanidae
| Common name
(Korean name) |
Species
(Authority) |
Preferred habitat | Range | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Spot-billed Pelican[3] | Pelecanus philippensis
|
Lakes and coasts. |
|
|
| Dalmatian Pelican | Pelecanus crispus
|
Rivers and coasts. |
|
[edit] Boobies
Order: Pelecaniformes Family: Sulidae
| Common name
(Korean name) |
Species
(Authority) |
Preferred habitat | Range | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brown Booby | Sula leucogaster
|
Coasts and seas. |
|
|
| Masked Booby | Sula dactylatra
|
Coasts and seas. |
|
[edit] Cormorants
Order: Pelecaniformes Family: Phalacrocoracidae
| Common name
(Korean name) |
Species
(Authority) |
Preferred habitat | Range | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Great Cormorant | Phalacrocorax carbo
|
Coasts, lakes, and rivers. | Winter visitor in southern and eastern Korea. |
|
| Japanese Cormorant | Phalacrocorax capillatus | Coasts and lakes. | Resident throughout. |
|
| Pelagic Cormorant | Phalacrocorax pelagicus
|
Coasts. | Resident throughout. |
|
| Red-faced Cormorant | Phalacrocorax urile
|
Coasts. | Resident throughout. |
|
[edit] Frigatebirds
Order: Pelecaniformes Family: Fregatidae
| Common name
(Korean name) |
Species
(Authority) |
Preferred habitat | Range | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lesser Frigatebird | Fregata ariel
|
Open seas. |
|
[edit] Herons
Order: Ciconiiformes Family: Ardeidae
| Common name
(Korean name) |
Species
(Authority) |
Preferred habitat | Range | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Great Egret | Ardea alba
|
Wetlands and mudflats. | Winter visitor in southern Korea; summer visitor in north. |
|
| Grey Heron | Ardea cinerea
|
Wetlands. | Summer visitor throughout; resident in far south. |
|
| Purple Heron | Ardea purpurea
|
Wetlands. | Migrant. |
|
| Little Egret | Egretta garzetta
|
Wetlands. | Summer visitor throughout; resident along southern coast. |
|
| Chinese Egret | Egretta eulophotes
|
Wetlands and lakes. | Summer visitor on Yellow Sea coast. |
|
| Pacific Reef Egret | Egretta sacra
|
Rocky coasts. | Resident on Jeju. |
|
| Intermediate Egret | Mesophoyx intermedia
|
Marshes and rice fields. | Summer visitor throughout. |
|
| Cattle Egret | Bubulcus ibis
|
Wetlands and grasslands. | Summer visitor throughout. |
|
| Chinese Pond Heron | Ardeola bacchus
|
Wetlands and grasslands. | Summer visitor in central Korea. |
|
| Striated Heron | Butorides striata
|
Rivers and rice fields. | Summer visitor throughout. |
|
| Black-crowned Night-Heron | Nycticorax nycticorax
|
Wetlands. | Summer visitor in southern Korea; resident on Jeju. |
|
| Japanese Night Heron | Gorsachius goisagi
|
Marshes and forested streams. |
|
|
| Yellow Bittern | Ixobrychus sinensis
|
Lakes, rivers, and rice fields. | Summer visitor in southern Korea. |
|
| Schrenck's Bittern | Ixobrychus eurhythmus
|
Lakes, rivers, and rice fields. | Summer visitor in northern and central Korea. |
|
| Cinnamon Bittern | Ixobrychus cinnamomeus
|
Lakes, rivers, and rice fields. |
|
|
| Black Bittern | Ixobrychus flavicollis
|
Lakes, rivers, and rice fields. |
|
|
| Great Bittern | Botaurus stellaris
|
Marshes and reedbeds. | Winter visitor. |
|
[edit] Storks
Order: Ciconiiformes Family: Ciconiidae
| Common name
(Korean name) |
Species
(Authority) |
Preferred habitat | Range | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Black Stork | Ciconia nigra
|
Rivers, wetlands, and rice fields. | Winter visitor in northeastern Korea. |
|
| Oriental Stork | Ciconia boyciana
|
Rivers, wetlands, and rice fields. | Winter visitor in northeastern Korea. |
|
[edit] Ibises and spoonbills
Order: Ciconiiformes Family: Threskiornithidae
| Common name
(Korean name) |
Species
(Authority) |
Preferred habitat | Range | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Black-headed Ibis | Threskiornis melanocephalus
|
Reservoirs, estuaries, and tidal flats. |
|
|
| Crested Ibis | Nipponia nippon
|
Grassy wetlands and rice fields. | Winter visitor. |
|
| Eurasian Spoonbill | Platalea leucorodia
|
Reservoirs, estuaries, and tidal flats. | Winter visitor in south and west. |
|
| Black-faced Spoonbill | Platalea minor | Reservoirs, estuaries, and tidal flats. | Resident on uninhabited islands in the Yellow Sea. |
|
[edit] Ducks, Geese, and Swans
Order: Anseriformes Family: Anatidae
The family Anatidae includes the ducks and most duck-like waterfowl, such as geese and swans. These are birds that are modified for an aquatic existence with webbed feet, bills which are flattened to a greater or lesser extent, and feathers that are excellent at shedding water due to special oils. There are 131 species worldwide.
| Common name
(Korean name) |
Species
(Authority) |
Preferred habitat | Range | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mute Swan | Cygnus olor
|
Lakes and wetlands. | Winter visitor on east and west coasts. |
|
| Whooper Swan | Cygnus cygnus
|
Lakes, rivers, and marshes. | Winter visitor in southern Korea. |
|
| Tundra Swan | Cygnus columbianus
|
Lakes, rivers, and marshes. | Winter visitor in southern Korea. |
|
| Swan Goose | Anser cygnoides
|
Mud flats. | Winter visitor on west coast. |
|
| Bean Goose | Anser fabalis
|
Shallow lakes and rice fields. | Winter visitor in southern and central Korea. |
|
| Greater White-fronted Goose | Anser albifrons
|
Rice fields, lakes, and rivers. | Winter visitor in southern and central Korea. |
|
| Lesser White-fronted Goose | Anser erythropus
|
Rice fields, lakes, and rivers. |
|
|
| Greylag Goose | Anser anser
|
Rice fields, lakes, and rivers. |
|
|
| Snow Goose | Chen caerulescens
|
Coastal wetlands. | Central Korea. |
|
| Emperor Goose | Chen canagica
|
Rice fields and rocky coasts. |
|
|
| Canada Goose | Branta canadensis
|
Various. |
|
|
| Brent Goose | Branta bernicla
|
Tidal flats and bays. | Winter visitor on west and south coasts. |
|
| Ruddy Shelduck | Tadorna ferruginea
|
Rivers, lakes, and estuaries. | Central and southern Korea. |
|
| Crested Shelduck | Tadorna cristata
|
|
||
| Common Shelduck | Tadorna tadorna
|
Mudflats and brackish lakes. | Winter visitor on west coast. |
|
| Mandarin Duck | Aix galericulata
|
Streams, lakes, and rivers. | Resident in south and central Korea; summer visitor in the north. |
|
| Gadwall | Anas strepera
|
Wetlands, lakes, and wide rivers. | Winter visitor in southern and central Korea. |
|
| Falcated Duck | Anas falcata
|
Lakes, coasts, and rivers. | Winter visitor in southern and central Korea. |
|
| Eurasian Wigeon | Anas penelope
|
Wetlands. | Winter visitor in southern and central Korea. |
|
| American Wigeon | Anas americana
|
Coasts, lakes, and rivers. | Winter visitor. |
|
| American Black Duck | Anas rubripes
|
Various. |
|
|
| Mallard | Anas platyrhynchos
|
Various. | Winter visitor throughout; resident in south. |
|
| Spotbill | Anas poecilorhyncha
|
Various. | Resident throughout. |
|
| Northern Shoveler | Anas clypeata
|
Rivers, lakes, and estuaries. | Winter visitor in southern and central Korea. |
|
| Northern Pintail | Anas acuta
|
Lakes, rivers, and rice fields. | Winter visitor in southern and central Korea. |
|
| Garganey | Anas querquedula
|
Various. | Winter visitor in northwest; migrant throughout. |
|
| Baikal Teal | Anas formosa
|
Various. | Winter visitor along south and west coasts. |
|
| Common Teal | Anas crecca
|
Lakes and rivers. | Winter visitor in southern and central Korea. |
|
| Common Pochard | Aythya ferina
|
Lakes, bays, and wide rivers. | Winter visitor in southern and central Korea. |
|
| Canvasback | Aythya valisineria
|
Lakes and bays. |
|
|
| Redhead | Aythya americana
|
Ponds, bays, and brackish lakes. |
|
|
| Baer's Pochard | Aythya baeri
|
Shallow lakes. | Winter visitor in southern and central Korea. |
|
| Tufted Duck | Aythya fuligula
|
Lakes and large rivers. | Winter visitor in southern and central Korea. |
|
| Greater Scaup | Aythya marila
|
Bays and estuaries. | Winter visitor along south and southwest coasts. |
|
| Red-crested Pochard | Netta rufina
|
Lakes, marshes, inlets. |
|
|
| Harlequin Duck | Histrionicus histrionicus
|
Harbors and rocky coasts. | Winter visitor on east and south coasts. |
|
| Long-tailed Duck | Clangula hyemalis
|
Bays and rocky coasts. | Winter visitor on east and south coasts. |
|
| Black Scoter | Melanitta nigra
|
Bays, estuaries, and open seas. | Winter visitor on coasts. |
|
| White-winged Scoter | Melanitta fusca
|
Bays, estuaries, and open seas. | Winter visitor on coasts. |
|
| Common Goldeneye | Bucephala clangula
|
Open waters. | Throughout; not found in northeast. |
|
| Barrow's Goldeneye | Bucephala islandica
|
Lakes, rivers, and estuaries. |
|
|
| Smew | Mergellus albellus
|
Rivers and lakes. | Winter visitor in southern and central Korea. |
|
| Red-breasted Merganser | Mergus serrator
|
Coastal waters. | Winter visitor on coasts. |
|
| Scaly-sided Merganser | Mergus squamatus
|
Rivers and lakes. | Winter visitor in central Korea. |
|
| Common Merganser | Mergus merganser
|
Rivers and lakes. | Winter visitor throughout, except northeast. |
|
[edit] Osprey
Order: Falconiformes Family: Pandionidae
| Common name
(Korean name) |
Species
(Authority) |
Preferred habitat | Range | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Osprey | Pandion haliaetus
|
Coasts and rivers. | Winter visitor throughout. |
|
[edit] Hawks, Kites, and Eagles
Order: Falconiformes Family: Accipitridae
| Common name
(Korean name) |
Species
(Authority) |
Preferred habitat | Range | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oriental Honey-buzzard | Pernis ptilorhynchus
|
Coasts and open land. | Migrant. |
|
| Black-eared Kite | Milvus migrans[13]
|
Coasts, rivers, and open land. | Winter visitor in southern Korea and resident in north. |
|
| White-tailed Eagle | Haliaeetus albicilla
|
Coasts and rivers. | Southern Korea. |
|
| Steller's Sea-Eagle | Haliaeetus pelagicus
|
Coasts and rivers. | Winter visitor in southern Korea. |
|
| Lammergeier | Gypaetus barbatus
|
High mountains. | Northeastern Korea. |
|
| Eurasian Black Vulture | Aegypius monachus
|
Rivers, estuaries, and open land. | Eastern Korea. |
|
| Eastern Marsh-Harrier | Circus spilonotus
|
Grassy wetlands and farmland. | Winter visitor in southern Korea. |
|
| Northern Harrier | Circus cyaneus
|
Grassy wetlands and farmland. | Winter visitor in southern Korea. |
|
| Pied Harrier | Circus melanoleucos
|
Grassy wetlands and farmland. | Migrant. |
|
| Japanese Sparrowhawk | Accipiter gularis | Low mountains, forest, and open land. | Resident throughout. |
|
| Eurasian Sparrowhawk | Accipiter nisus
|
Rivers, forest, and open land. | Resident throughout. |
|
| Northern Goshawk | Accipiter gentilis
|
Rivers, forest, and farmland. | Winter visitor in southern Korea. |
|
| Chinese Goshawk | Accipiter soloensis
|
Low mountains, forest, and open land. | Summer visitor throughout. |
|
| Grey-faced Buzzard | Butastur indicus
|
Forest and open land. | Migrant. |
|
| Common Buzzard | Buteo buteo
|
Rivers and open land. | Winter visitor throughout, except far northeast. |
|
| Upland Buzzard | Buteo hemilasius | Rivers and open land. | Winter visitor along west coast. |
|
| Rough-legged Hawk | Buteo lagopus
|
Rivers and open land. | Winter visitor throughout. |
|
| Greater Spotted Eagle | Aquila clanga
|
Rivers and farmland. | Winter visitor. |
|
| Steppe Eagle | Aquila nipalensis
|
Open land. | Accidental in northern Korea.[14] |
|
| Eastern Imperial Eagle | Aquila heliaca
|
Estuaries, reservoirs, and open land. | Winter visitor along west coast. |
|
| Golden Eagle | Aquila chrysaetos
|
Rocky mountains. | Resident throughout. |
|
| Mountain Hawk Eagle | Spizaetus nipalensis
|
Mountain forest. |
|
|
| Crested Serpent Eagle | Spilornis cheela
|
Forest and open land. | Accidental in southeast Korea.[15] |
|
[edit] Falcons
Order: Falconiformes Family: Falconidae
| Common name
(Korean name) |
Species
(Authority) |
Preferred habitat | Range | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Peregrine Falcon | Falco peregrinus
|
Resident in southern Korea. |
|
|
| Eurasian Hobby | Falco subbuteo
|
Open fields and farmlands. |
|
|
| Common Kestrel | Falco tinnunculus
|
Widespread. | Resident throughout. |
|
| Amur Falcon | Falco amurensis
|
Open fields and farmland. | Passage migrant through southeastern Korea.[16] |
|
| Merlin | Falco columbarius
|
Open fields and farmland. | Winter visitor throughout. |
|
| Saker Falcon | Falco cherrug
|
Open fields and farmland. |
|
[edit] Pheasants and grouse
Order: Galliformes Family: Phasianidae
The Phasianidae is a family of birds which consists of the pheasants and their allies; the grouse are sometimes considered to make up a separate family, the Tetraonidae. These are terrestrial species, variable in size but generally plump, with broad relatively short wings. Many species are gamebirds, or have been domesticated as a food source for humans. There are 180 species world wide and 4 species in Korea.
| Common name
(Korean name) |
Species
(Authority) |
Preferred habitat | Range | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Japanese Quail | Coturnix japonica | Fields and grasslands. | Winter visitor throughout. |
|
| Common Pheasant | Phasianus colchicus
|
Open ground and forest verges. | Resident throughout. |
|
| Black Grouse | Lyrurus tetrix
|
High open ground. | Paektusan region. |
|
| Hazel Grouse | Bonasa bonasia
|
Forest. | Resident throughout. |
|
[edit] Buttonquail
Order: Turniciformes Family: Turnicidae
The buttonquails or hemipodes are a small family of birds which resemble, but are unrelated to, the true quails. This is an Old World group, which inhabits warm grasslands. Buttonquail are small drab running birds, which avoid flying. The female is the brighter of the sexes, and initiates courtship. The male incubates the eggs and tends the young. There are 15 species worldwide, with 1 species in Korea.
| Common name
(Korean name) |
Species
(Authority) |
Preferred habitat | Range | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yellow-legged Buttonquail | Turnix tanki
|
Fields and open land. | Summer visitor in far north; migrant throughout. |
|
[edit] Cranes
Order: Gruiformes Family: Gruidae
Cranes are large, long-legged and long-necked birds. Unlike the similar-looking but unrelated herons, cranes fly with necks outstretched, not pulled back. Most have elaborate and noisy courting displays or "dances". There are 15 species worldwide, 7 Korean species.
| Common name
(Korean name) |
Species
(Authority) |
Preferred habitat | Range | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| White-naped Crane | Grus vipio
|
Rice fields and mud flats. | Summer visitor in southern Korea. |
|
| Hooded Crane | Grus monacha
|
Open land. | Summer visitor on southern coast and islands. |
|
| Red-crowned Crane | Grus japonensis
|
Rice fields and mud flats. | Central Korea. |
|
| Siberian Crane | Grus leucogeranus
|
Rice fields and shallow wetlands. | Accidental in central Korea.[17] | |
| Sandhill Crane | Grus canadensis
|
Rice fields and reservoirs. | Central Korea.[18] |
|
| Common Crane | Grus grus
|
Rice fields. | Summer visitor on northwest coast. |
|
| Demoiselle Crane | Anthropoides virgo
|
Rice fields and river basins. | West coast.[19] |
|
[edit] Rails and crakes
Order: Gruiformes Family: Rallidae
Rallidae is a large family of small to medium-sized birds which includes the rails, crakes, coots, and gallinules. The most typical family members occupy dense vegetation in damp environments near lakes, swamps, or rivers. In general they are shy and secretive birds, difficult to observe. Most species have strong legs, and have long toes which are well adapted to soft, uneven surfaces. They tend to have short, rounded wings and be weak fliers. There are 143 species world wide and 9 Korean species.
| Common name
(Korean name) |
Species
(Authority) |
Preferred habitat | Range | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Swinhoe's Rail | Coturnicops exquisitus
|
Marshes and rice fields. |
|
|
| Water Rail | Rallus aquaticus
|
Reedbeds and abandoned rice fields. |
|
|
| White-breasted Waterhen | Amaurornis phoenicurus
|
Marshes and grasslands. |
|
|
| Baillon's Crake | Porzana pusilla
|
Marshes and rice fields. |
|
|
| Ruddy-breasted Crake | Porzana fusca
|
Rice fields. |
|
|
| Band-bellied Crake | Porzana paykullii
|
Marshes and rice fields.[20] |
|
|
| Watercock | Gallicrex cinerea
|
Rice-field fencerows. | Summer visitor throughout. |
|
| Common Moorhen | Gallinula chloropus
|
Dense wetland vegetation. | Summer visitor throughout. |
|
| Common Coot | Fulica atra
|
Calm, well-vegetated wetlands. | Year-round resident in southern Korea. |
|
[edit] Bustards
Order: Gruiformes Family: Otididae
| Common name
(Korean name) |
Species
(Authority) |
Preferred habitat | Range | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Great Bustard | Otis tarda
|
Open fields. | Summer visitor on northwest and northeast coasts. |
|
[edit] Jacanas
Order: Charadriiformes Family: Jacanidae
Jacanas are identifiable by their huge feet and claws which enable them to walk on floating vegetation in the shallow lakes that are their preferred habitat. The females are larger than the males, and some species are polyandrous. However, adults of both sexes look identical, as with most shorebirds. They feed on insects and other invertebrates picked from the floating vegetation or the water’s surface. Most species are sedentary, but the Pheasant-tailed Jacana migrates from the north of its range into peninsular India and southeast Asia. It is the only one of the world's 8 jacana species found in Korea.
| Common name
(Korean name) |
Species
(Authority) |
Preferred habitat | Range | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pheasant-tailed Jacana | Hydrophasianus chirurgus
|
Still water with floating plants. |
|
[edit] Painted snipes
Order: Charadriiformes Family: Rostratulidae
Painted snipes are short-legged, long-billed birds similar in shape to the true snipes, but much more brightly coloured. The female is brighter than the male and takes the lead in courtship. The male incubates the eggs, usually four, in a nest on the ground or floating for about 20 days. All three species live in reedy swamps, and their diet consists of annelid worms and other invertebrates, which they find with their long bills. There are 3 species worldwide, of which only one is recorded from Korea.
| Common name
(Korean name) |
Species
(Authority) |
Preferred habitat | Range | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Greater Painted-snipe | Rostratula benghalensis
|
Rice fields. |
|
[edit] Oystercatchers
Order: Charadriiformes Family: Haematopodidae
The oystercatchers are large, obvious and noisy plover-like birds, with strong bills used for smashing or prising open molluscs. There are 11 species worldwide and 1 Korean species.
| Common name
(Korean name) |
Species
(Authority) |
Preferred habitat | Range | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Eurasian Oystercatcher | Haematopus ostralegus
|
Coastal mudflats and estuaries. | Summer visitor on west coast. |
|
[edit] Stilts and Avocets
Order: Charadriiformes Family: Recurvirostridae
Recurvirostridae is a family of large wading birds, which includes the avocets and the stilts. The avocets have long legs and long up-curved bills. The stilts have extremely long legs and long, thin, straight bills. There are 9 species worldwide and 2 Korean species.
| Common name
(Korean name) |
Species
(Authority) |
Preferred habitat | Range | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Black-winged Stilt | Himantopus himantopus
|
Rice fields, estuaries, and lakes. | Migrant and summer visitor along west coast. |
|
| Pied Avocet | Recurvirostra avosetta
|
Estuaries and lakes. | Migrant and winter visitor. |
|
[edit] Coursers and pratincoles
Order: Charadriiformes Family: Glareolidae
| Common name
(Korean name) |
Species
(Authority) |
Preferred habitat | Range | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oriental Pratincole | Glareola maldivarum
|
Wetlands and fields. | Passage migrant. |
|
[edit] Plovers and lapwings
Order: Charadriiformes Family: Charadriidae
The family Charadriidae includes the plovers, dotterels, and lapwings. They are small to medium-sized birds with compact bodies, short, thick necks and long, usually pointed, wings. They are found in open country worldwide, mostly in habitats near water, although there are some exceptions. There are 66 species worldwide and 12 Korean species, of which 3 breed in Korea.
| Common name
(Korean name) |
Species
(Authority) |
Preferred habitat | Range | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pacific Golden Plover | Pluvialis fulva
|
Mudflats and rice fields. | Migrant. |
|
| Grey Plover | Pluvialis squatarola
|
Mudflats, estuaries, and sandy shores. | Winter visitor on south and west coasts. |
|
| Common Ringed Plover | Charadrius hiaticula
|
Mudflats and estuaries. |
|
|
| Long-billed Plover | Charadrius placidus | Rocky rivers. | Resident in southern Korea. |
|
| Little Ringed Plover | Charadrius dubius
|
Lakes, rocky rivers, and rice fields. | Summer visitor throughout. |
|
| Kentish Plover | Charadrius alexandrinus
|
Mudflats, sandy shores, and fields. | Migrant, and occasional resident on south coast. |
|
| Mongolian Plover | Charadrius mongolus
|
Mudflats and estuaries. | Migrant throughout. |
|
| Greater Sand Plover | Charadrius leschenaultii
|
Mudflats and estuaries. | Migrant throughout. |
|
| Caspian Plover[22] | Charadrius asiaticus
|
|
||
| Northern Lapwing | Vanellus vanellus
|
Lakes, rivers, and wetlands. | Winter visitor in southern Korea. |
|
| Grey-headed Lapwing | Vanellus cinereus
|
Rivers and rice fields. | Migrant. |
|
[edit] Waders
Order: Charadriiformes Family: Scolopacidae
The Scolopacidae are a large diverse family of small to medium sized shorebirds including the Sandpipers, Curlews, Godwits, Shanks, Tattlers, Woodcocks, Snipes, Dowitchers and Phalaropes. The majority of species eat small invertebrates picked out of the mud or soil. Different lengths of legs and bills enable different species to feed in the same habitat, particularly on the coast, without direct competition for food. There are 86 species world wide and 45 Korean species.
[edit] Skuas, Gulls, Terns, and Skimmers
Order: Charadriiformes Family: Laridae
There are 91 species worldwide, and 23 species in Korea.
| Common name
(Korean name) |
Species
(Authority) |
Preferred habitat | Range | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parasitic Jaeger | Stercorarius parasiticus
|
Coasts and open seas. |
|
|
| Black-tailed Gull | Larus crassirostris
|
Coasts, lakes, and rivers. | Throughout. |
|
| Mew Gull | Larus canus
|
Coasts, lakes, and rivers. | Winter visitor throughout. |
|
| Herring Gull | Larus argentatus
|
Coasts and estuaries. | Winter visitor throughout. |
|
| Slaty-backed Gull | Larus schistisagus
|
Coastal regions. | Winter visitor throughout; commoner in the east. |
|
| Caspian Gull | Larus cachinnans
|
Coasts, lakes, and rivers. | Winter visitor throughout. |
|
| Heuglin's Gull | Larus heuglini
|
Coasts, lakes, and rivers. | Winter visitor throughout. |
|
| Glaucous-winged Gull | Larus glaucescens
|
Coasts and open seas. | Winter visitor throughout. |
|
| Glaucous Gull | Larus hyperboreus
|
Coasts and open seas. | Winter visitor throughout. |
|
| Iceland Gull | Larus glaucoides
|
Coasts and open seas. | ||
| Black-headed Gull | Larus ridibundus
|
Coasts, lakes and rivers. | Winter visitor throughout. |
|
| Saunders's Gull | Larus saundersi
|
Mudflats and estuaries. | Winter visitor throughout. |
|
| Relict Gull | Larus relictus
|
Mudflats and estuaries. | Winter visitor throughout. |
|
| Sabine's Gull | Xema sabini
|
Open seas. | ||
| Ross's Gull | Rhodostethia rosea
|
|
||
| Black-legged Kittiwake | Rissa tridactyla
|
Coasts and open seas. | Sea of Japan. |
|
| Ivory Gull | Pagophila eburnea
|
Open seas. |
|
|
| Gull-billed Tern | Sterna nilotica
|
Coasts, lakes, and estuaries. | ||
| Great Crested Tern | Sterna bergii
|
Coasts and estuaries. | ||
| Common Tern | Sterna hirundo
|
Coasts, lakes, and estuaries. | Migrant throughout. |
|
| Little Tern | Sterna albifrons
|
Coasts, lakes, and rivers. | Summer visitor in southern Korea; migrant throughout. |
|
| Sooty Tern | Sterna fuscata
|
Coasts and open seas. |
|
|
| Whiskered Tern | Chlidonias hybridus
|
Coasts, marshes, rivers, and lakes. | Migrant along coasts. |
|
| White-winged Tern | Chlidonias leucopterus
|
Coasts, marshes, rivers, and lakes. | Migrant along coasts. |
|
[edit] Auks
Order: Charadriiformes Family: Alcidae
There are 22 species worldwide, with 8 found in Korea.
| Common name
(Korean name) |
Species
(Authority) |
Preferred habitat | Range | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Common Murre | Uria aalge
|
Pelagic. | Winter visitor in the Sea of Japan. |
|
| Spectacled Guillemot | Cepphus carbo
|
Pelagic. | Winter visitor in the Sea of Japan; nests on northern islands. |
|
| Ancient Murrelet | Synthliboramphus antiquus
|
Pelagic. | Sea of Japan. | |
| Marbled Murrelet | Brachyramphus marmoratus
|
Pelagic. | Winter visitor. |
|
| Japanese Murrelet | Synthliboramphus wumizusume
|
Pelagic. | Resident in Korea Strait and southern Sea of Japan. |
|
| Least Auklet | Aethia pusilla
|
Pelagic. |
|
|
| Rhinoceros Auklet | Cerorhinca monocerata
|
Pelagic. | Winter visitor throughout, resident on northern coast. |
|
[edit] Sandgrouse
Order: Pteroclidiformes Family: Pteroclididae
Sandgrouse have small, pigeon like heads and necks, but sturdy compact bodies. They have long pointed wings and sometimes tails and a fast direct flight. Flocks fly to watering holes at dawn and dusk. They are restricted to treeless open country in the Old World, such as plains and semi-deserts. Legs are feathered down to the toes, and genus Syrrhaptes has the toes feathered as well. There are 16 species worldwide, with one species in Korea.
| Common name
(Korean name) |
Species
(Authority) |
Preferred habitat | Range | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pallas's Sandgrouse | Syrrhaptes paradoxus
|
Grasslands and fields. | Northwestern Korea. |
|
[edit] Pigeons and doves
Order: Columbiformes Family: Columbidae
Pigeons and doves are stout-bodied birds with short necks and short slender bills with a fleshy cere. There are 308 species world wide and 7 Korean species.
| Common name
(Korean name) |
Species
(Authority) |
Preferred habitat | Range | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hill Pigeon | Columba rupestris | Coastal cliffs and buildings. | Year-round resident in north and along west coast. | |
| Japanese Wood-Pigeon | Columba janthina | Broad-leaved evergreen forests. | Southwestern islands and Ulleungdo. | |
| Stock Pigeon | Columba oenas | Fields and forest verges. | ||
| Oriental Turtle Dove | Streptopelia orientalis | Widespread. | Year-round resident throughout. | |
| Red Collared-Dove | Streptopelia tranquebarica | Fields and forest verges. | Accidental throughout. | |
| Eurasian Collared Dove | Streptopelia decaocto | Open land. | Coasts. | |
| White-bellied Green-Pigeon | Treron sieboldii | Broad-leaved coastal mountain forest. |
[edit] Cuckoos
Order: Cuculiformes Family: Cuculidae
| Common name
(Korean name) |
Species
(Authority) |
Preferred habitat | Range | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hodgson's Hawk-Cuckoo | Cuculus fugax | Forest and second growth. | Summer resident throughout, except far north. | |
| Indian Cuckoo | Cuculus micropterus | Forest. | Summer resident throughout. | |
| Common Cuckoo | Cuculus canorus | Forest verges and open land. | Summer resident throughout. | |
| Oriental Cuckoo | Cuculus saturatus | Forest. | Summer resident throughout. | |
| Lesser Cuckoo | Cuculus poliocephalus | Forest and scrubland. | Summer resident throughout. | |
| Chestnut-winged Cuckoo | Clamator coromandus | Forest and second growth. | Accidental on Jeju.[27] |
[edit] Owls
Order: Strigiformes Family: Strigidae
Owls are solitary nocturnal birds of prey. They have large forward-facing eyes and ears, a hawk-like beak, and a conspicuous circle of feathers around each eye called a facial disk. There are 195 species world wide and 11 Korean species.
| Common name
(Korean name) |
Species
(Authority) |
Preferred habitat | Range | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Eurasian Scops-Owl | Otus scops | Low-lying forest. | Summer resident throughout. | |
| Sunda Scops-Owl | Otus lempiji[28] | Low-lying forest. | Year-round resident throughout. |
|
| Eurasian Eagle Owl | Bubo bubo | Rocky forest. | Year-round resident throughout. | |
| Snowy Owl | Nyctea scandiaca | Open country. | Accidental. | |
| Tawny Owl | Strix aluco | Forest. | Year-round resident throughout. | |
| Ural Owl | Strix uralensis | Mountain forest. | Far northeast. | |
| Northern Hawk Owl | Surnia ulula | Mountainous forest verges. | Accidental. | |
| Little Owl | Athene noctua | Open land. | Northwestern Korea. | |
| Brown Hawk-Owl | Ninox scutulata | Forest and parkland. | Summer resident throughout. | |
| Long-eared Owl | Asio otus | Coniferous forest. | Winter migrant in south; year-round in north. | |
| Short-eared Owl | Asio flammeus | Grassland near water. | Winter migrant throughout. |
[edit] Nightjars
Order: Caprimulgiformes Family: Caprimulgidae
Nightjars are medium-sized nocturnal birds with long wings, short legs and very short bills that usually nest on the ground. Most have small feet, of little use for walking, and long pointed wings. Their soft plumage is crypically coloured to resemble bark or leaves. There are 86 species worldwide and 1 Korean species.
| Common name
(Korean name) |
Species
(Authority) |
Preferred habitat | Range | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Grey Nightjar | Caprimulgus indicus
|
Open forest. | Summer visitor throughout. |
[edit] Swifts and Needletails
Order: Apodiformes Family: Apodidae
The swifts are small aerial birds, spending the majority of their lives flying. These birds have very short legs and never settle voluntarily on the ground, perching instead only on vertical surfaces. Many swifts have long swept-back wings that resemble a crescent or a boomerang. There are 98 species world wide and 3 Korean species.
| Common name
(Korean name) |
Species
(Authority) |
Preferred habitat | Range | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| White-throated Needletail | Hirundapus caudacutus | Widespread. | Summer resident in far northern Korea. | |
| Fork-tailed Swift | Apus pacificus | Cliffs and mountains. | Summer resident in northern Korea; migrant along coasts. | |
| Little Swift | Apus affinis | Rocky shores. | Limited to Jeju and Hataedo. |
[edit] Hoopoes
Order: Upupiformes Family: Upupidae
There is only one species of hoopoe worldwide. Hoopoes are widespread in Europe, Asia and North Africa, as well as Sub-Saharan Africa and Madagascar. They migrate from all but the southernmost part of their range to the tropics in winter. Their habitat is open cultivated ground with short grass or bare patches. They spend much time on the ground hunting insects and worms.
| Common name
(Korean name) |
Species
(Authority) |
Preferred habitat | Range | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Eurasian Hoopoe | Upupa epops
|
Open country. | Summer resident. |
|
[edit] Rollers
Order: Coraciiformes Family: Coraciidae
Rollers are insect eaters, usually catching their prey in the air. They often perch prominently whilst hunting, like giant shrikes. They resemble crows in size and build, but are more closely related to the kingfishers and bee-eaters. They share the colourful appearance of those groups, blues and browns predominating. The two inner front toes are connected, but not the outer one. There are twelve species worldwide, but only one is found in Korea.
| Common name
(Korean name) |
Species
(Authority) |
Preferred habitat | Range | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dollarbird | Eurystomus orientalis | Forests and forest verges. | Summer resident throughout. |
|
[edit] River kingfishers
Order: Coraciiformes Family: Alcedinidae
The river kingfishers are one of the three families of bird in the kingfisher group.
| Common name
(Korean name) |
Species
(Authority) |
Preferred habitat | Range | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Common Kingfisher | Alcedo atthis | Streams, rivers, and lakes. | Summer resident throughout. | |
| Ruddy Kingfisher | Halcyon coromanda | Deciduous forests near streams. | Summer resident throughout. | |
| Black-capped Kingfisher | Halcyon pileata | Wooded streams, coastline. | Summer resident throughout. |
[edit] Water kingfishers
Order: Coraciiformes Family: Cerylidae
| Common name
(Korean name) |
Species
(Authority) |
Preferred habitat | Range | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crested Kingfisher | Megaceryle lugubris | Mountain rivers. | Summer resident in northern Korea. |
[edit] Woodpeckers
Order: Piciformes Family: Picidae
Woodpeckers are small to medium sized birds with chisel like beaks, short legs, stiff tails and long tongues used for capturing insects. Some species have feet with two toes pointing forward, and two backward, while several species have only three toes. Many woodpeckers have the habit of tapping noisily on tree trunks with their beaks. There are more than 200 species worldwide, and 11 species in Korea.
| Common name
(Korean name) |
Species
(Authority) |
Preferred habitat | Range | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Eurasian Wryneck | Jynx torquilla | Forest verges. | ||
| Pygmy Woodpecker | Dendrocopos kizuki | Forest. | Resident throughout. | |
| Great Spotted Woodpecker | Dendrocopos major | Forest. | ||
| Lesser Spotted Woodpecker | Dendrocopos minor | Forest. | ||
| White-backed Woodpecker | Dendrocopos leucotos | Mountain forest. | ||
| Rufous-bellied Woodpecker | Dendrocopos hyperythrus | Forest. | ||
| Grey-capped Woodpecker | Dendrocopos canicapillus | Forest. | Resident in northern Korea. | |
| Eurasian Three-toed Woodpecker | Picoides tridactylus | Coniferous forest. | ||
| Tristram's Woodpecker | Dryocopus javensis[30] | Mixed and coniferous forest. |
|
|
| Black Woodpecker | Dryocopus martius | Mixed forest. | Resident in northern Korea. | |
| Grey-faced Woodpecker | Picus canus | Low deciduous forest. | Resident throughout. |
[edit] Notes
- ^ BirdLife International (2006). Phoebastria albatrus. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN 2006. Retrieved on {{subst:today}}.
- ^ Sole record is from Busan in 1885, according to Lee et al. (2000), p. 54.
- ^ Not included in Lee et al. (2000), but listed as a vagrant in South Korea by the IUCN. [1]
- ^ BirdLife International (2006). Pelecanus philippensis. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN 2006. Retrieved on {{subst:today}}.
- ^ BirdLife International (2006). Pelecanus crispus. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN 2006. Retrieved on {{subst:today}}.
- ^ Only two records, one from Marado and one from Incheon. Lee et al. (2000), p. 54.
- ^ Won, Pyung Oh (원병오). 알락해오라기. Korean Britannica (Empas mirror). Retrieved on 2006-01-05.
- ^ BirdLife International (2004). Ciconia boyciana. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN 2006. Retrieved on 2006-01-05.
- ^ Designated natural monument #198 in May 1968. Cultural Heritage Administration. Japanese crested ibis. Retrieved on 2006-01-06.
- ^ Designated Natural Monument #205 in May 1968.
- ^ Sole record is from Cheorwon, 1995. Lee et al. (2002), p. 72.
- ^ Not seen since 1964; possibly extinct. BirdLife International (2004). Tadorna cristata. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN 2006. Retrieved on 2007-01-07.
- ^ The Korean population is referred to the subspecies Milvus migrans lineatus.
- ^ According to the IUCN Red List, found only in North Korea, and there only as a vagrant. [2]
- ^ Recorded only from Gimhae and Busan, according to Lee et al. (2000), p. 98.
- ^ Recorded only from Jeollabuk-do.
- ^ Recorded from Paju and Cheorwon. Lee et al. (2000), p. 24.
- ^ Recorded from Cheorwon and Daeseong-dong, both near the Korean Demilitarized Zone. Lee et al. (2000), p. 24.
- ^ But not recorded since 1945. Lee et al. (2000), p. 24.
- ^ Favors relatively dry ground, compared to other crakes. Lee et al. (2000), p. 118.
- ^ Sole record in Korea is from 1887. [3]
- ^ Not included in Lee et al. (2000), but listed as present in South Korea by the IUCN. [4]
- ^ Recorded only once, in Goseong on the central eastern coast. Lee et al. (2000), p. 166.
- ^ Recorded in 1970 in Pohang, southeastern Korea. [5]
- ^ Only records are from Jeju in the southwest and Asan Bay on the central west coast. Lee et al. (2000), p. 170.
- ^ Only record is from an island off of Incheon on the central west coast.
- ^ The only confirmed sighting in Korea was made on Jejudo in 1994. Lee et al. (2000), p. 182.
- ^ Sometimes given as Otus bakkamoena ussuriensis.
- ^ Designated natural monument 324-7 in 1982.
- ^ The Korean population is referred to the subspecies D. javensis richardi.
- ^ No records in South Korea since 1990, according to Lee et al. (2000), p. 200.
- ^ Lee et al. (2000), p. 200.
[edit] References
- Collinson, Martin. Splitting headaches? Recent taxonomic changes affecting the British and Western Palaearctic lists British Birds vol 99 (June 2006), 306-323
- Jo, Sam-rae (조삼래) (2002). 서산의 새 [Seosanui sae] [English title: Birds of Seosan, Korea]. Gongju, South Korea: Kongju National University Press. ISBN 89-88421-34-5.
- Lee, Woo-Shin; Tae-Hoe Koo, Jin-Young Park; Desmond Allen, tr. (2000). A field guide to the birds of Korea. Seoul: LG Evergreen Foundation. ISBN 89-951415-0-6.
