Pampanga
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
- For the river see Ilog Sa Pampanga.
Pampanga is a province of the Philippines located in the Central Luzon region. Its capital is The City of San Fernando. Pampanga is bordered by the provinces of Bataan and Zambales to the west, Tarlac and Nueva Ecija to the north, and Bulacan to the southeast. Pampanga also lies on the northern shore of Manila Bay. The name "Pampanga" was given by the Spaniards who found the early natives living near the river banks. The word "Pangpang" means river bank. Its creation in 1571 makes it the oldest among the seven provinces of Central Luzon. The Province of Pampanga enjoys the distinction of being known as the Culinary Center of the Philippines.
Pampanga is served by the Diosdado Macapagal International Airport, which is located in Clark Field some 16 kilometers north of the provincial capital.
2000 census—1,882,730 (10th largest)
Density—863 per km² (4th highest)
Highly urbanized cities—1
Component cities—1
Municipalities—20
Barangays—537
Congressional districts—4
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[edit] People and culture
Kapampangan cuisine is widely thought to be among the most evolved and refined of Philippine cuisines. Some of the menus that said to have been originated from Pampanga are kare-kare, sisig, and kilawin. See Pampangos.
[edit] Economy
Farming and fishing are the two main industries of the province. Major products include rice, corn, sugar cane, and tilapia. In addition to farming and fishing, the province also supports a thriving cottage industries that specializes in wood carving, furniture-making, guitars, and handicrafts. Every year during the Christmas season, the province of Pampanga becomes the center of a thriving industry centered on handcrafted lighted lanterns called “parols” that displays a kaleidoscope of light and color. Other industries include its indigenous casket industry and the manufacturing of all Purpose Vehicles present in the Municipality of Sto. Tomas.
The province is famous for its culinary industry. Kapampangans are well known for their culinary expertise. Well known food products range from the ordinary to the exotic. Pampanga's Best and Mekeni Food are among the better known meat brands of the country producing Kapampangan favorites such as pork and chicken tocinos, beef tapa, hot dogs, and longanizas (Philippines-style sausages and cured meats.)
Specialty foods such as the murcon (ground meat stuffed in fish), embutido (ground pork roll), kare-kare (pork or beef cooked in peanut butter), sisig baboy (a spicy pork dish best served with beer), lechon (roasted pig) and its sarsa (sauce), are popular specialty foods in the region. The more exotic betute tugak (stuffed frog), kamaru (mole crickets) cooked ala adobo, bulanglang (pork cooked in guava juice), lechon kawali, and bringhe (a green sticky rice dish like paella) are a mainstay in Kapampangan feasts. Native sweets and delicacies like pastillas, turonnes de casoy, buro, are the most sought after by Filipinos including a growing number of tourists who enjoy authentic Kapampangan cuisine.
Tourism is a growing industry in the province of Pampanga. Clark Field, in Angeles City, is home to Diosdado Macapagal International Airport, Luzon's second International Airport and designated as the Philippines future premier gateway site. Within the Clark Special Economic Zone are well established hotels and resorts. Popular tourist destinations in the province include: St. Peter Shrine in Apalit, Mt. Arayat National Park in San Juan Bano, Arayat, the Paskuhan Village in the City of San Fernando, and the Casino Filipino in Angeles City. Well known annual events include the Giant Lantern Festival in December, the annual hot air balloon festival in Clarkfield during the month of February, and the San Pedro Cutud Lenten Rites celebrated two days before Easter.
Other developing economies include a semiconductor industry involved in the manufacturing of electronics and computers mostly located within the Clark Special Economic Zone in Angeles City.
[edit] Geography
[edit] Political
Pampanga is subdivided into 20 municipalities and 2 cities.
| City | No. of Barangays |
Population (2000) |
Area (km²) |
Pop. density (per km²) |
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Angeles City[1] |
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City of San Fernando[2] |
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| Municipality | No. of Barangays |
Population (2000) |
Area (km²) |
Pop. density (per km²) |
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Apalit |
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| Arayat |
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| Bacolor |
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Candaba |
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Floridablanca |
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| Guagua |
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| Lubao |
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| Mabalacat |
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| Macabebe |
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| Magalang |
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| Masantol |
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| Mexico |
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| Minalin |
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| Porac |
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| San Luis |
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| San Simon |
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| Santa Ana |
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| Santa Rita |
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| Santo Tomas |
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| SEXmuan |
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1. ^ Highly urbanized city (independent of province).
2. ^ Capital city of Pampanga, and regional center of Central Luzon (Region III)).
[edit] Physical
[edit] Terrain
The province has a total land mass of 2,180.68 square kilometers. Its terrain is relatively flat with one distinct mountain, Mt. Arayat and the notable Pampanga river. Among its municipalities, Porac has the largest land mass with 343.12 square kilometers; Candaba comes in second with 208.7 square kilometers; followed by Lubao with 155.77 square kilometers.
[edit] Climate
The province of Pampanga has two distinct climates, rainy and dry. The rainy or wet season normally begins in May and runs through October, while the rest of the year is the dry season. The warmest period of the year occurs between March and April, while the coolest period is from December through February.
[edit] Infrastructure
[edit] Telecommunication
Telephone services in the Province are provided by the Philippine Long Distance Telephone Company (PLDT), Digitel, Datelcom, the Evangelista Telephone Company, and the Pampanga Telecom Company. The province has 24 public telegraph offices distributed among its towns while the facilities of PT&T and RCPI were set up to serve the business centers in Angeles City, San Fernando, and Guagua.[1]
Several Internet Service Providers and available in the province. These include the Angeles Computer Network Specialist, Information Resources Network System, Inc., Mosaic communications Inc., Net Asia Angeles City and Phil World On Line.
United Parcel Services (UPS) and Federal Express (FedEx) provide international courier services for the province and the rest of the country. Their hubs are located within the Clark Special Economic Zone. These international courier are complemented by four local couriers operating as the communication and baggage of the province. There are 3 postal district offices and 35 post office stations distributed in the 20 municipalities and 2 cities of the province.[2]
[edit] Media
Twelve local newspapers are published in Pampanga. They include:
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- The Angeles Observer of Sto. Rosario, Angeles City, which comes out weekly with a circulation of 1,000 copies;
- The Voice of Balibago, Angeles City, weekly circulation, 2,000 copies;
- Sun Star Clark of Dau, Mabalacat, published daily circulation 2,000 copies;
- Sun Star Mabuhay, of Dau, Mabalacat, weekly with 1,000 copies;
- The Pampanga Times of San Fernando, weekly circulation, 1,000 copies;
- The Philippine Recorder of San Fernando, weekly circulation, 2,000 copies;
- Pampanga, Bataan, Zambales Profile of Angeles City, weekly circulation, 1,000 copies;
- Coffee Punch News of Sto. Rosatio, San Fernando, weekly circulation, 3,000 copies;
- Central Luzon Times of Angeles City, weekly with 1,000 copies;
- Central Luzon Advocate, also of Angeles City, weekly circulation, 1,000 copies;
- The Probe of San Fernando, weekly with 1,000 circulation, copies; and
- The Luzon Preacher of Angeles City, weekly circulation with 1,000 copies.
Pampanga has five radio stations:
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- The 5K DWRW-FM of the Radio World Broadcasting Corporation of the Philippines in San Fernando;
- The 5K DWGV-FM, of the GV Broadcasting System in Angeles City;
- 5K DWGV-AM, also of the GV Broadcasting System in Angeles City; and
- the 2.5K DWCI-FM, of the Love Radio Network in San Fernando.
- the DWEE 107.1 fm, a community radio station based at Pampanga Agricultural College in Magalang, Pampanga
There is only one television station in Pampanga, K-TV 12 of the Love Radio Network in Sindalan, San Fernando.[1]
[edit] Water & Power
Potable water supply in the province reaches the populace through three levels namely: Level I (point source system), Level II (communal faucet system), and Level III (individual connections). A well or spring is the pinpointed water source in areas where houses are few as the system is only designed to serve 15 to 25 households. As of 1997, there were 128,571 Level I water system users in the province. The communal faucet system (Level II) serves the rural areas while the Level III system is managed by the Local Water Utilities Administration (LWUA). The system provides individual house connections to all second and first class private subdivisions.
Electric power is distributed to majority of the towns through the distribution centers of the Pampanga Electric Cooperative (PELCO) which include PELCO I, II, III. Small parts of Candaba and Macabebe are also supplied by Manila Electric Company (MERALCO).[1]
[edit] Transportation
The province of Pampanga is strategically located at the crossroads of central Luzon and is highly accessible by both air and land. The province is home to two airstrips: Basa Air Base in Floridablanca, which is utilized by the military, and the Diosdado Macapagal International Airport in Angeles City. Pampanga also has five existing municipal ports which function as fish landing centers. These are situated in the municipalities of Guagua, Macabebe, Masantol, Minalin, and Sasmuan.[1]
Land travel to the province is made easy by numerous buses that travel the routes of Manila-Pampanga-Bataan, Manila-Pampanga-Zambales, Manila-Pampanga-Tarla, Manila-Pampanga-Nueva Ecija, and Manila-Bulacan-Pampanga. These buses are serviced by: Philippine Rabbit, Genesis Transport, Philippine Rapid, Panther, Saulog Transit, Victory Liner, Dagupan Bus Lines, San Trans, Fariñas, Dominion, Maria de Leon, Viron, five Star, Arayat Express, Sierra Madre Lines, and the Baliuag Transit.[1]
The 83.7 - km North Luzon Expressway (NLE) extends from Balintawak in Metro Manila to Sta. Ines in Pampanga. It passes through the large cities of San Fernando and Angeles in Pampanga through Sta. Ines, which is located near the former U.S. Air Force Base at Clark Field.
[edit] Education
The province is home to 33 colleges/universities. They include:
- The University of the Assumption, City of San Fernando
- AMA Computer College- City of San Fernando and Angeles City
- AMA Computer Learning Center- City of San Fernando and Angeles City
- Mother of Good Counsel Seminary, City of San Fernando
- MTC Academy, City of San Fernando
- Mary the Queen College (Pampanga), Guagua, Pampanga
- East Central Colleges, City of San Fernando
- Central Luzon College of Technology- City of San Fernando
- Development for Advanced Technology Achievement (DATA) College, City of San Fernando
- Union Christian College, City of San Fernando
- San Lorenzo Ruiz Center of Studies and School, Dolores, City of San Fernando
- Harvadian Colleges, City of San Fernando
- Angeles University Foundation, Angeles City
- Holy Angel University, Angeles City
- Republic Central Colleges, Angeles City
- Jocson College, Balibago, Angeles City
- Mega Computer College, Angeles City
- Systems Plus College Foundation, Inc., Balibago, Angeles City
- Mother of Perpetual Help Institute School of Midwifery and Nursing Aide, Angeles City
- Integrated Computer School Foundation, Sto. Rosario, Angeles City
- Computer System Specialist, Inc. Angeles City
- STI College, Angeles City and City of San Fernando
- Jose C. Feliciano College, Inc., Dau, Mabalacat
- Saint Michael's College, Guagua
- Guagua National College, Guagua
- Dau Academy-St. Muchen, part of the St Anthony School System, Dau Mabalacat
- Saint Anthony School System, Mabalacat
- Padova College-part of the St Anthony School System, Dau, Mabalacat
- Megabyte College of Science and Technology, Floridablanca and Guagua
- Holy Cross College Pampanga, Sta. Lucia, Sta. Ana
- Pampanga Agricultural College, Magalang
- Pampanga Colleges, Macabebe, Pampanga
- Philippine State College of Aeronautics- Pampanga Extension, Basa Air Base, Floridablanca
- Somascan Fathers Seminary, Lubao, Pampanga
- Don Honorio Ventura College of Arts and Trades, Poblacion, Bacolor
- UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES extension program in Pampanga, Clark Air Base, Angeles City
- New Era University-Pampanga Branch, McArthur Hiway, San Fernando
[edit] Tourist attractions
[edit] Festivals
- January 1 — Aguman Sanduk, Minalin
- January 6 — Kuraldal, Sasmuan
- February — Philippine International Hot-Air Balloon Fiesta, Clark Field, Angeles City
- March/April (Good Friday) — San Pedro Cutud Lenten Rites (Mal a Aldo), City of San Fernando
- May — Sabat/Santacruzan
- May (First week) - El Circulo Fernandino
- June 28-30 — Apung Iru Fluvial Procession, Apalit
- October — Pyestang Tugak (Frog Festival), City of San Fernando
- October — Fiestang Kuliat (La Naval Fiesta), Angeles City
- Last Friday of October — Apo Fiesta, Angeles City
- Last Friday and Saturday of October — Tigtigan Terakan Keng Dalan, Angeles City
- November (Last week of November) — Duman Festival, Sta. Rita
- December — Sisig Festival (Sadsaran Qng Angeles), SM Clark, Angeles City
- December 1-7 — Sinukwan Festival, City of San Fernando
- December 11 — Aldo Ning Kapampangan (Pampanga Day)
- December - Saturday before Christmas Eve — Ligligan Parul (Giant Lantern Festival), City of San Fernando
- December 16-24 - Lubenas, various towns in Northern Pampanga
- Throughout the year, various towns within the Province of Pampanga celebrates a town fiesta honoring their patron saint. These fiesta days are listed below:
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In addition to the town fiesta many barangays within each municipality celebrates a local fiesta also honoring a particular patron saint.
[edit] Heritage churches and shrines
- Metropolitan Cathedral of San Fernando, City of San Fernando
- Betis Church, Guagua (National Cultural Treasure)
- Ivory Image of St. Peter (Apu Iro), Sulipan, Apalit
- Church of St. Peter, Apalit
- San Agustin Church, Lubao (National Historical Landmark)
- San Guilllermo Church, Bacolor
- Sta. Catalina Church, Arayat
- San Luis Gonzaga Church, San Luis
- Sto. Rosario (Holy Rosary) Church, Angeles City
- Sta. Monica Church, Minalin
- San Bartolome Church, Magalang
- Shrine of Our Lord of the Holy Sepulchre (Apung Mamacalulu), Angeles City
- Pio Chapel, Porac
[edit] Recreational facilities and leisure parks
- Paskuhan Village "Hilaga" (City of San Fernando)
- Bren Z. Guiao Sports Complex (City of San Fernando)
- Benigno Aquino Hall (City of San Fernando)
- Lakeshore (Mexico)
- Plaza Imelda (Guagua) - known as the Luneta Park of Guagua.
- Federosa Island Resort (Sto. Tomas) - is a man-made island with swimming pools and a modern cockpit.
- Sito Palakol Resort (Florida Blanca, Pampanga)
- Casino Pilipino (Balibago, Angeles City)
- Expo Pilipino (Clark Special Economic Zone)
- Mimosa Leisure Estate (Clark Special Economic Zone)
- Clearwater (Clark Special Economic Zone)
- Diosdado Macapagal International Airport (Clark Special Economic Zone)
[edit] Historical landmarks
- City of San Fernando Heritage District
- NHI-declared Heritage Houses
- Hizon-Singian House
- Lazatin House
- Dayrit House
- Henson-Hizon House
- San Fernando Train Station
- Death March Marker
- Pampanga Provincial Capitol
- PASUDECO
- Pampanga High School
- Nicolasa Dayrit Monument and Marker
- Tiburcio Hilario Monument
- NHI-declared Heritage Houses
- Kamikaze Shrine (Mabalacat)
- Salakot Arch (Bayanihan Park, Clark, Angeles City)
[edit] Museums and historical monuments
- The Archdiocesian Museum and Archives, City of San Fernando
- Juan D. Nepomuceno Center for Kapampangan Studies, Angeles City
- Museo ning Angeles (Museum of Angeles), Angeles City
- Old Pamintuan Residence, Angeles City
- Founder’s House, Angeles City
- Bale Herencia, Angeles City
- Nepomuceno Ancestral House, Angeles City
- Villa Epifania, Sta Rita (Film site of "Tinimbang Ka Ngunit Kulang", "Tanging Yaman" and many other films)
- "Salaria" Gosioco's Residence, Sta. Rita (Century Old House)
[edit] Natural parks
- Mt. Arayat National Park (Arayat)
- Scenic Candaba Swamps and Wild Duck Sanctuary(Candaba)
- Mt. Pinatubo Crater
- Dara Falls (Porac) - Pampanga’s version of the Pagsanjan Falls of Laguna.
[edit] History
Pampanga was founded by the Spanish conquistador, Martín de Goiti in 1571. The name derived from the native Kapampangan words "pangpang ilog" meaning "riverside" where the early Malayan settlements were concentrated along the Rio Grande de la Pampanga. Kapampangan men are known for their gallantry and leadership while Kapampangan women are famous for their beauty and skill in culinary arts.
Pampanga, one of the richest provinces in the Philippines, was re-organized as a province by the Spaniards on December 11, 1571. For governmental control and taxation purposes, the Spanish authorities subdivided Pampanga into towns (pueblos), which were further subdivided into districts (barrios) and in some cases into royal and private estates (encomiendas).
Due to excessive abuses committed by some grantees of private estates, the King of Spain prohibited in 1574 the awarding of private estates (encomiendas). However, the royal decree was not fully enforced until the year 1620. In a report of Philippine encomiendas on June 20, 1591, Spanish Governor Gomez Perez Dasmarinas reported to the King of Spain that La Pampanga's encomiendas were Bataan, Betis y Lubao, Macabebe, Candava, Apalit, Calumpit, Malolos, Binto, Guiguinto, Caluya, Bulacan and Mecabayan. The encomiendas of La Pampanga at that time had eighteen thousand six hundred and eighty whole tributes.
Ancient Pampanga's territorial area used to include portions of the provinces of Bataan, Bulacan, Nueva Ecija, Pangasinan, Tarlac and Zambales in the big Island of Luzon of the Philippine Archipelago.
Pampanga which is about 850 square miles in area and presently inhabited by more than 1.5 million people, had its present borders drawn in 1873. During the Spanish regime it was one of the richest Philippine provinces. Manila and its surrounding region were then primarily dependent on Pampangan agricultural, fishery, and forestry products as well as on the supply of skilled workers. As other Luzon provinces were created due to increases in population, some well-established Pampanga towns were lost to new emerging provinces in Central Luzon.
The historic province of Bataan which was founded in 1754 under the administration of Spanish Governor General Pedro Manuel Arandia, absorbed from the province of Pampanga the municipalities of Abucay, Balanga, Dinalupihan, Llana Hermosa, Orani, Orion, Pilar, and Samal.
The old Pampanga towns of Aliaga, Cabiao, Gapan, San Antonio and San Isidro were ceded to the province of Nueva Ecija in 1848 during the term of Spanish Governor-General Narciso Claveria y Zaldua.
The municipality of San Miguel de Mayumo of Pampanga was yielded to the province of Bulacan in the same provincial boundary configuration in 1848.
In 1860, the northern towns of Bamban, Capas, Concepcion, Victoria, Tarlac, Mabalacat, Magalang, Porac and Floridablanca were separated from Pampanga and were placed under the jurisdiction of a military command called Comandancia Militar de Tarlac. However, in 1873, the four latter towns were returned to Pampanga and the other five towns became municipalities of the newly created Province of Tarlac.
A large number of people have been displaced and whole towns and villages have been submerged in lahar in the aftermath of the Mount Pinatubo eruptions.
[edit] Governors of Pampanga
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ALCALDES MAYORES[3]
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JAPANESE OCCUPATION
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[edit] Notable Kapampangans
- Jose Abad Santos - was the 5th Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines. He was appointed acting president by President Quezon with full authority to act on behalf of the President of the Philippines in areas unoccupied by the Japanese. He was killed by Japanese forces during the occupation of the Philippines in World War II.
- Rufino Cardinal Santos - was born in Guagua, Pampanga and became Archbishop of Manila from 1953 to 1973. He was the first Filipino to be named Cardinal.
- Diosdado Pangan Macapagal - was the 9th President of the Republic of the Philippines and a native of Lubao, Pampanga.
- Armando Biliwang - was elected as a municipal councilor and later became municipal mayor of San Fernando. He is well known for his fearless stand against communism during his term as municipal councilor and mayor.
- Don Zoilo Hilario - was a famous Kapampangan writer and poet who dedicated his life to the propagation of Kapampangan literature and culture.
- Cecilia B. Licad - is one of the world's most famous concert pianists and hails from Lubao.
- Gil J. Puyat - was a Senate President of the Philippines from 1967 to 1972.
- Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo - is the 14th and current President of the Republic of the Philippines. She is the daughter of the 9th President of the Republic Diosdado Macapagal. She is the country's second Female President after Corazon Aquino. She also was the country's first Female Vice President during the tenure of the now Deposed Former President Joseph Ejercito Estrada.
- Lea Salonga - is a Tony Award-winning singer and actress who is best known for her portrayal of Kim in the musical Miss Saigon. She spent the first six years of her childhood in Angeles City before moving to Manila.
- apl.de.ap (Allen Pineda Lindo) - is a member of the Grammy-award winning group, The Black Eyed Peas, and was born in Sapang Bato, Angeles City. He is famous throughout the Filipino community after the release of his life story of his homeland Philippines in a song called "The Apl Song" found on the Peas' 2003 album Elephunk
- Alejandro T. Quiboloy - kapampangan educator, public servant and Christian minister, born in Lubao, Pampanga on May 3, 1909 to Dionisio and Anastasia Quiboloy.
- Vanessa Minnillo - is an American television personality born in Clark Air Base, Angeles City and raised in the US. She was Miss Teen USA 1998 and is currently a host on MTV's Total Request Live.
- Cris Judd - is an American actor and popular choreographer to Michael Jackson and Usher, but he is best known for his failed marriage to American actress, Jennifer Lopez. He was born in Clark Air Base, Angeles City and spent his childhood years there.
- Efren Reyes|Efren "Bata" Reyes - is referred to as "The Magician" and a very popular Filipino billiards player who hails from Angeles City. He is considered to be one of history's greatest practitioners of billiards.
- Apollo Quiboloy - is a Filipino televangelist; although he is known to be from Davao City, he is considered a Kapampangan as he was born to Kapampangan parents.
- Melanie Marquez - is a popular beauty queen-turned-actress who hails from Mabalacat. She was Miss International 1979 and was voted as the Most Beautiful Miss International in 2000. She's also a sister of another local actor, Joey Marquez .
- Rogelio dela Rosa - was one of the most popular Filipino matinee idols of the 20th century and was elected to the Senate in 1957. He was also the first film actor who was able to parlay his fame into a political career, paving the way for other Filipino entertainers-turned-politicians. He had an equally famous brother, Jaime dela Rosa, also a matinee idol in the 1950s.
- Donita Rose - although she was born in the US, she moved to Angeles City, where her father was designated at the US Clark Air Base, when she was five years old. She went on to become a famous local actress and MTV VJ in Asia.
- Jacklyn Jose - is an award-winning actress and graduated at Sto. Rosario Elementary School in Angeles City.
- Other famous local personalities known to be Kapampangan or at least to have Kapampangan parents are Sharon Cuneta, Helen Gamboa, Dolphy, Vilma Santos, Kris Aquino, Dong Puno, Lorna Tolentino, Robin Padilla, Randy David, Judy Ann Santos, Nanette Medved, Sarah Geronimo, Glydel Mercado, Abbygale Arenas, Ato Agustin, Liza Lorena, Tonton Gutierrez, Yeng Guiao, Rudy Fernandez, Francisco "Django" Bustamante, Rosal Rosal, Arwind Santos, Jean Garcia, Miriam Quiambao, Rufa Mae Quinto, Senators Francis Pangilinan, Lito Lapid and Manny Villar, Regine Tolentino, Marvin Agustin, Current Philippine Chief Justice Reynato Puno and Christopher de Leon,.
- Younger Kapampangan TV personalities are Joseph Bitangcol, Antoinette Taus, Baron Geisler, Arron Villaflor, Tyron Perez, Eliza Pineda, Justin Cuyugan, Gladys Reyes, Vincent Liwanag, Allen Dizon, Ronnie Liang, Aljur Abrenica, Emilio Garcia, Krizzy Jareno, Jay Aquitania, Sheena Halili, Kristel Astor, Raymond Manalo, and Antonio Aquitania.
[edit] References
[edit] External links
- Provincial Government of Pampanga
- Diosdado Macapagal International Airport (DMIA)
- eK! (electronic Kabalen) - a Kapampangan journal of ideas
- pinoybee - pampanga
- Luzon Urban Beltway Super Region: Potentials
- Luzon Urban Beltway Super Region: Projects
- Central Luzon Local Business Directory
- Barangay Level Classifieds for Pampanga
- Pampanga Tourism MTV at YouTube
