Prime Minister of Spain

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The President of the Government of Spain (Spanish: Presidente del Gobierno), sometimes known in English as the Prime Minister of Spain, is the Spanish head of government. The President of the Government is elected by the Congress of Deputies (the lower house of parliament) on being proposed by the King (this step is a mere formality). The current office is established under the Constitution of 1978. It is presently occupied by José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero.

1 Official title
2 Election
3 Secretarios del Despacho Universal (1705-1734)
- 3.1 Kingdom of Spain (1705-1734)
4 First Secretaries of State (1734-1834)
- 4.1 Kingdom of Spain (1734-1834)
5 Prime Ministers (Presidents of the Council of Ministers, 1834-Present)
6 See also
7 References

[edit] Official title

The Spanish head of government is known, in Spanish, as the Presidente del Gobierno. Literally translated, this title is "President of the Government" or alternatively "Chairman of the Government",^[1] but nevertheless the office-holder is commonly referred to in English as the "prime minister": the usual term for the head of government in a constitutional monarchy. However the Spanish for 'prime minister' is primer ministro; thus, for example, the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom is the Primer Ministro del Reino Unido, not the Presidente del Gobierno.

In Spain the President of the Government is often called simply Presidente, meaning 'President'. More than once this has caused embarrassing errors among foreign authorities, such as mistaking Spain for a republic. For example Jeb Bush, the Governor of Florida, mistakenly referred to the head of government as the "President of the Spanish Republic" during a visit to Spain in 2003 [1].

The custom to name the head of government as "President" dates back from the reign of Isabella II of Spain, when the Prime Minister was called Presidente del Consejo de Ministros ("President of the Cabinet"). Before 1833 the figure was known as Secretario de Estado ("Secretary of State"), a denomination used today for junior ministers.

[edit] Election

The President of the Government is not directly elected by the people but indirectly elected by the legislature. Following legislative elections, which take place every four years, the leader of the majority party, or the leader of the majority coalition, is usually proposed as President of the Government by the King and elected by the Congress of Deputies. The First Vice President of the Government (or First Deputy Prime Minister) is appointed by the King on the proposal of the President.

[edit] Secretarios del Despacho Universal (1705-1734)

[edit] Kingdom of Spain (1705-1734)

Pedro Fernandez del Campo y Angulo, marques de Mejorada (11 July 1705 - 15 April 1714)
Manuel de Vadillo y Velasco (15 April - 30 November 1714)
Jose de Grimaldo y Gutierrez de Solorzano, marques de Grimaldo (30 November 1714 - 14 January 1724) (1st time)
Juan Bautista Orendayn y Azpilcueta (14 January - 4 September 1724) (1st time)
Jose de Grimaldo y Gutierrez de Solorzano, marques de Grimaldo (4 September 1724 - 12 December 1725) (2nd time)
Juan Guillermo Ripperda, baron de Ripperda (12 December 1725 - 14 April 1726)
Jose de Grimaldo y Gutierrez de Solorzano, marques de Grimaldo (14 April - 1 October 1726) (3rd time)
Juan Bautista Orendayn y Azpilcueta, marques de la Paz (1 October 1726 - 21 November 1734) (2nd time)

[edit] First Secretaries of State (1734-1834)

[edit] Kingdom of Spain (1734-1834)

Jose de Patino y Rosales (21 November 1734 - 26 November 1736)
Sebastian de la Cuadra y Llerena, marques de Villarias (26 November 1736 - 4 December 1746)
Jose de Carvajah y Lancaster (4 December 1746 - 9 April 1754)
Fernando de Silva y Alvarez de Toledo, duque de Huescar (9 April - 15 May 1754) (acting)
Ricardo Wall y Devreux (15 May 1754 - 9 October 1763)
Pablo Jeronimo de Grimaldi y Pallavicini, marques de Grimaldi (9 October 1763 - 19 February 1777)
Jose Monino y Redondo, conde de Floridablanca (19 February 1777 - 28 February 1792)
Pedro Pablo Abarca de Bolea y Ximenez de Urrea, conde de Aranda (28 February - 15 November 1792) (acting)
Manuel Godoy y Alvarez de Faria, duque de Alcudia (15 November 1792 - 30 March 1798) (from 27 September 1795, principe de la Paz)
Francisco de Saavedra y Sangronis (30 March 1798 - 21 February 1799) (acting to 6 September 1798)
Mariano Luis de Uruijo y Muga (12 February 1799 - 13 December 1800 (1st time, acting)
Pedro Cevallos Guerra (13 December 1800 - 3 March 1808) (1st time)
Gonzalo O'Farrill y Herrera (3 March - 19 March 1808) (acting)
Pedro Cevallos Guerra (19 March - 7 July 1808) (2nd time)
Mariano Luis de Uruijo y Muga (7 July 1808 - 27 June 1813) (2nd time)
Juan O'Donoju O'Ryan (10 October - 17 October 1813) (acting)
Fernando de Laserna (17 October - 3 December 1813) (acting)
Jose Luyando (3 December 1813 - 4 May 1814) (1st time, acting)
Jose Miguel de Carvajal Vargas y Manrique, duque de San Carlos (4 May - 15 November 1814)
Pedro Cevallos Guerra (15 November 1814 - 24 January 1816) (3rd time)
Juan Esteban Lozano de Torres (24 January - 26 January 1816)
Pedro Cevallos Guerra (26 January - 30 October 1816) (4th time)
Jose Garcia de Leon y Pizarro (30 October 1816 - 14 September 1818)
Carlos Fernando Martinez de Irujo y Tacon, marques de Casa Irujo (14 September 1818 - 12 June 1819) (1st time, acting)
Manuel Gonzalez Salmon y Gomez de Torres (12 June - 12 September 1819) (1st time, acting)
Joaquin Jose Melgarejo y Saurin, duque de San Fernando de Quiroga (12 September 1819 - 18 March 1820)
Juan Jabat Aztal (18 March 1820) (acting)
Evaristo Perez de Castro Brito (18 March 1820 - 2 March 1821)
Joaquin Anduaga Cuenca (2 March - 23 April 1821) (acting)
Francisco de Paula Escudero (23 April 1821) (acting)
Eusebio Bardaji y Azara (23 April 1821 - 8 January 1822)
Ramon Lopez Pelegrin (8 January - 24 January 1822) (1st time, acting)
Jose Gabriel de Silva y Bazan, marques de Santa Cruz (24 January - 30 January 1822)
Ramon Lopez Pelegrin (30 January - 28 February 1822) (acting)
Francisco Martinez de la Rosa (28 February - 5 August 1822)
Evaristo Fernandez San Miguel y Valledor (5 August 1822 - 25 April 1823) (acting from 28 February 1823)
Jose Manuel Vadillo (25 April - 7 May 1823) (acting)
Santiago Usoz y Mozi (7 May - 13 May 1823) (acting)
Jose Maria Pando de la Riva y Ramirez de Laredo (13 May - 29 August 1823)
Luis Maria de Salazar y Salazar (29 August - 4 September 1823) (1st time, acting)
Juan Antonio Yandiola Garay (4 September - 6 September 1823) (acting)
Jose Luyando (6 September - 1 October 1823) (2nd time)
Victor Damian Saez y Sanchez-Mayor (25 April - 2 December 1823) (acting to 7 August 1823, counter-government to 1 October 1823)
Carlos Fernando Martinez de Irujo y Tacon, marques de Casa Irujo (2 December 1823 - 18 January 1824) (2nd time)
Narciso de Heredia y Begines de los Rios, conde de Ofalia (18 January - 11 July 1824)
Luis Maria de Salazar y Salazar (11 July 1824) (2nd time, acting)
Francisco Cea Bermudez (11 July 1824 - 24 October 1825) (1st time)
Pedro Alcantara de Toledo y Salm-Salm, duque del Infantado (24 October 1825 - 19 August 1826)
Manuel Gonzalez Salmon y Gomez de Torres (19 August 1826 - 20 January 1832) (2nd time, acting to 15 October 1830)
Francisco Tadeo Calomarde y Arria (20 January - 22 February 1832) (acting)
Antonio de Saavedra y Frigola, conde de Alcudia (22 February - 1 October 1832) (acting)
Jose Cafranga Costilla (1 October - 29 November 1832) (acting)
Francisco Cea Bermudez (29 November 1832 - 15 January 1834) (2nd time)

[edit] Prime Ministers (Presidents of the Council of Ministers, 1834-Present)

[edit] Kingdom of Spain (1834-1873)

Francisco Martinez de la Rosa (15 January 1834 - 7 June 1835)
Jose Maria Queipo de Llano Ruiz de Saravia, conde de Toreno (7 June - 14 September 1835)
Miguel Ricardo de Alava Esquivel (14 September - 25 September 1835)
Juan Alvarez Mendizabal (25 September 1835 - 15 May 1836) (acting)
Francisco Javier Isturiz y Montero (15 May - 14 August 1836) (1st time)
Jose Maria Calatrava (14 August 1836 - 18 August 1837)
Baldomero Espartero, conde de Luchana (18 August - 18 October 1837) (1st time)
Eusebio Bardaji y Azara (18 October - 16 December 1837)
Narciso de Heredia y Begines de los Rios, conde de Ofalia (16 December 1837 - 6 September 1838)
Bernardino Fernandez de Velasco, duque de Frias (6 September - 9 December 1838)
Isidro Alaix (9 December 1838) (acting)
Evaristo Perez de Castro Brito (9 December 1838 - 18 July 1840)
Antonio Gonzalez y Gonzalez (20 July - 12 August 1840) (1st time)
Valentin Ferraz y Barrau (12 August - 28 August 1840)
Modesto Cortazar (29 August - 11 September 1840) (acting)
Vicente Sancho (11 September - 16 September 1840)
Baldomero Espartero, duque de la Victoria (16 September 1840 - 10 May 1841) (2nd time)
Joaquin Maria Ferrer Cafranga (10 May - 20 May 1841)
Antonio Gonzalez y Gonzalez (20 May 1841 - 17 June 1842) (2nd time)
Jose Ramon Rodil y Gallosa, marques de Rodil (17 June 1842 - 9 May 1843)
Joaquin Maria Lopez (9 May - 19 May 1843) (1st time)
Alvaro Gomez Becerra (19 May - 23 July 1843)
Joaquin Maria Lopez (23 July - 20 November 1843) (2nd time)
Salustiano Olozaga (20 November - 5 December 1843)
Luis Gonzalez Bravo (5 December 1843 - 3 May 1844) (1st time)
Ramon Maria Narvaez, duque de Valencia (3 May 1844 - 12 February 1846) (1st time)
Manuel Pando Fernandez de Pinedo, marques de Miraflores (12 February - 16 March 1846) (1st time)
Ramon Maria Narvaez, duque de Valencia (16 March - 5 April 1846) (2nd time)
Francisco Javier Isturiz y Montero (5 April 1846 - 28 January 1847) (2nd time)
Carlos Martinez de Irujo, marques de Casa Irujo, duque de Sotomayor (28 January - 28 March 1847)
Joaquin Francisco Pacheco y Gutierrez Calderon (28 March - 31 August 1847)
Jose de Salamanca y Mayol (31 August - 12 September 1847)
Florencio Garcia Goyena (12 September - 4 October 1847)
Ramon Maria Narvaez, duque de Valencia (4 October 1847 - 19 October 1849) (3nd time)
Serafin Maria de Sotto, conde de Clonard (19 October - 20 October 1849)
Ramon Maria Narvaez, duque de Valencia (20 October 1849 - 14 January 1850) (4th time)
Juan Bravo Murillo (14 January 1850 - 14 December 1852)
Federico Roncali, conde de Alcoy (14 December 1852 - 14 April 1853)
Francisco de Lersundi y Ormaechea (14 April - 19 September 1853)
Luis Jose Sartorius, conde de San Luis (19 September 1853 - 17 July 1854)
Fernando Fernandez de Cordova (17 July - 18 July 1854) (1st time)
Angel de Saavedra y Ramirez de Baquedano, duque de Rivas (18 July - 19 July 1854)
Baldomero Espartero, duque de la Victoria (19 July 1854 - 14 July 1856) (3rd time)
Leopoldo O'Donnell y Jorris (14 July - 12 October 1856) (1st time)
Ramon Maria Narvaez, duque de Valencia (12 October 1856 - 15 October 1857) (5th time)
Francisco Armero y Penaranda, marques de Nervion (15 October 1857 - 14 January 1858)
Francisco Javier Isturiz y Montero (14 January - 30 June 1858) (3rd time)
Leopoldo O'Donnell y Jorris (30 June 1858 - 2 March 1863) (2nd time)
Manuel Pando Fernandez de Pinedo, marques de Miraflores (2 March 1863 - 17 January 1864) (2nd time)
Lorenzo Arrazola Garcia (17 January - 1 March 1864)
Alejandro Mon Menendez (1 March - 16 September 1864)
Ramon Maria Narvaez, duque de Valencia (16 September 1864 - 21 June 1865) (6th time)
Leopoldo O'Donnell y Jorris (21 June 1865 - 10 July 1866) (3rd time)
Ramon Maria Narvaez, duque de Valencia (10 July 1866 - 23 April 1868) (7th time)
Luis Gonzalez Bravo (23 April - 19 September 1868) (2nd time)
Jose Gutierrez de la Concha (19 September - 30 September 1868)