Retinoic acid receptor

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retinoic acid receptor, alpha
Identifiers
Symbol	RARA
HUGO	9864
Entrez	5914
OMIM	180240
RefSeq	NM_000964
UniProt	P10276
Other data
Locus	Chr. 17 q12

retinoic acid receptor, beta
Identifiers
Symbol	RARB
HUGO	9865
Entrez	5915
OMIM	180220
RefSeq	NM_000965
UniProt	P10826
Other data
Locus	Chr. 3 p24

retinoic acid receptor, gamma
Identifiers
Symbol	RARG
HUGO	9866
Entrez	5916
OMIM	180190
RefSeq	NM_000966
UniProt	P13631
Other data
Locus	Chr. 12 q13

There are three retinoic acid receptors (RAR), RAR-alpha, RAR-beta, and RAR-gamma. Each receptor isoform has several splice variants: two- for alpha, four- for beta and two- for gamma. The RAR's are nuclear receptors with activity similar to the steroid receptors such as estrogen or progesterone and other nuclear receptors: PPAR, LXR and FXR. All-trans retinoic acid is the natural ligand for RAR. Like the steroid receptors, when activated, RARs dimerize usually forming heterodimers, translocate to the cell nucleus, and bind to RAR response elements on DNA, which elicits expression or transrepression of gene products. 9-cis retinoic acid is the natural ligand of another nuclear hormone receptor termed the retinoid x receptor.