Scottsdale, Arizona

Scottsdale (O'odham Vaṣai S-vaṣonĭ) is a city in Maricopa County, Arizona, adjacent to Phoenix. Scottsdale has become internationally recognized as a premiere and posh tourist destination, while maintaining its own identity and culture as "The West's Most Western Town." However, despite this motto, in the 1970s, most construction of new horse corrals was prohibited. What had, in the twentieth century been vacant desert, was converted to either urban and suburban environment.

As of the 2000 census, the city is the 83rd largest city in the United States, with a population of 202,705. According to 2005 Census Bureau estimates, the population of the city is 226,013, moving Scottsdale in to the 80th position on the largest cities list.^[1]

It should be noted that an additional 72,757 people have a Scottsdale mailing address but do not actually live in Scottsdale according the Census Bureau in 2000. Interestingly, of all the cities in the Phoenix metropolitan area, it has the largest surplus of people with a mailing address to not actually live in the city. More than half of these people live in the 85254 zip code, which is 90% Phoenix land. Other people with Scottsdale mailing addresses may live in other smaller areas of east Phoenix, unincorporated Maricopa County, or the Salt River Indian Reservation.

[edit] History

Scottsdale was originally inhabited by Hohokam. From circa 300 BC to 1400 AD, these ancient civilizations farmed the area and built some of the most ingenious irrigation canals the world has ever known. The name Hohokam translates as "vanished," as the civilizations mysteriously disappeared without a trace.

Before Anglo settlement, Scottsdale was a Pima village known as Vaṣai Svaṣonĭ, meaning "rotting hay." Some Pima remained in their original homes well into the 20th century. For example, until the late 1960s, there was a still-occupied traditional dwelling on the southeast corner of Indian Bend Rd. and Scottsdale Rd. By now, however, all Pima have either moved into modern homes within Scottsdale (mainly in South Scottsdale), to the Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community, or elsewhere.

The Hohokam's truly unbelievable (and many do not believe it?) legacy was in their creation of more than 125 miles (200 km) of canals to provide water for their agricultural needs. The remnants of this ancient irrigation system were adapted and improved upon in 1868 by the first Anglo company to stake a claim in the Valley of the Sun, when Jack Swilling set up the Swilling Irrigation Canal Company.

Twenty years later Scottsdale's future would turn sharply upwards, when a U.S. Army Chaplain, Winfield Scott, paid the paltry sum of $2.50 an acre for a 640 acre stretch of land where the city is now located. Winfield's brother, George Washington Scott, was the first resident of the town that was then known as Orangedale and later changed to Scottsdale in 1894.

In 1937, internationally renowned architect Frank Lloyd Wright set up his "winter camp" at the foot of the McDowell Mountains, creating what is now known as Taliesin West. Scottsdale, and the rest of Phoenix, have seen an everlasting influence from Frank Lloyd Wright. Many buildings throughout the region were designed by the famous architect. Today, a Frank Lloyd Wright memorial stands in North Scottsdale and a major street bears his name.

In 1951 the Town of Scottsdale was officially incorporated with a population of 2000. Since then it has grown to a 2004 Census estimate of 221,792. It is now Arizona's fifth-largest city, and one of its most celebrated. Scottsdale is commonly defined by its high quality of life, and in 1993 was named the, "Most Livable City," in the United States by the United States Conference of Mayors.^[2] This title is notoriously lampooned across the state because of the high cost of living in Scottsdale. It is continually ranked as one of the premier golf and resort destinations in the world, with a sizable portion of tax revenue being derived from tourism. It is also home to the FBR Open Golf Tournament held at the Tournament Players Club, which carries the distinction of the best-attended event on the PGA Tour. In 2006, Scottsdale will begin hosting a second PGA Tour event, known as the Fry's Electronics Open. The city continues to see rapid growth, mainly in the northern areas of the city.

[edit] Geography

Scottsdale is located at 33°35′27″N, 111°53′46″W (33.590709, -111.895985)^GR1.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 477.7 km² (184.4 mi²). 477.1 km² (184.2 mi²) of it is land and 0.6 km² (0.2 mi²) of it (0.12%) is water.

[edit] Cityscape

The city is loosely divided into the following five areas.

[edit] South Scottsdale

South Scottsdale has been known for many years more working class region of Scottsdale although it is transforming into a dynamic urban area. It contains the major night life for the area and is the art center of metro Phoenix. The median resale home price is $291,500, compared to $667,450 in North Scottsdale.^[3] South Scottsdale will also soon be home to the new research center for Arizona State University [1]. South Scottsdale extends from McKellips Road at the city's southern border, north to Shea Blvd.

Downtown Cowboy Era Statue

[edit] Old Town/Downtown Scottsdale/Civic Center/Fashion Square

This area has many streets, stores and western art galleries evoking the old cowboy era. In contrast, Scottsdale is also home to many nationally-known contemporary art galleries such as the Bentley Gallery and Chiaroscuro. This area also includes many restaurants, bars, and nightclubs. Streets are usually filled with walking traffic after 10pm on Thursday, Friday, and Saturday nights. It has also seen a renaissance in the last five years as city living is sweeping many areas in the nation. Almost $2 billion in public and private funding have been invested in the reviving of Old Town Scottsdale. The Scottsdale Waterfront Residences will soon anchor the once desolate Arizona Canal banks, and no less than five new ultra-luxury condo towers have been approved, and premium one-bedroom units routinely exceed $1 million. Penthouse units in the Scottsdale Waterfront have sold for $4.5 million or $1,000 per square foot. Tourism and hotel occupancy rates have risen with the renovation of the hip The Mondrian Scottsdale (formerly The James Hotel), introduction of the hip and trendy British hotel Hotel Indigo and revival of the historic Hotel Valley Ho. Two new hotels are also planned to open in Scottsdale's prime nightclub district, the W Scottsdale Hotel and Residences and the Ritz Carlton Paradise Valley.^[4]^[5] Also located in this cultural district is the high-end Scottsdale Fashion Square Mall, one of the twenty largest malls in the United States,^[6] and the newly constructed Shops at the Waterfront, both of which offer eclectic variety for shoppers and diners.

[edit] Shea Corridor

Shea Corridor is an area where many television shows and movies, such as Silk Stalkings, Beverly Hills 90210 and Clueless have shot neighborhood scenes. Real estate in central Scottsdale is booming, and overall, the Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale real estate market has seen the largest gain in home prices in the nation, with a 38.4% increase in value.^[7] Encompassing areas such as McCormick Ranch have seen real estate values rise from $400,000 to $700,000. Central Scottsdale routinely sees the property acquisitions purely for lot value. This area extends from Chaparral Road north to approximately Shea Blvd. This area shares many similarities with the neighboring community of Paradise Valley.

[edit] North Scottsdale

North Scottsdale is currently the most actively developed area of Scottsdale. North Scottsdale is regarded as the most expansive and expensive area in Scottsdale. The city's borders rapidly expand to the east and west in this area, containing the McDowell Mountain range, now preserved from development by the city. Most of the city's dozens of golf courses are located in North Scottsdale, utilizing the varied Desert mountain terrain to create some of the most beautiful courses in the country. Homes in North Scottsdale see median values in the $850,000-$1,200,000 range. Each January, North Scottsdale hosts the Barrett-Jackson Auto Show, an auto enthusiast's and collector's auction with many exotic automobiles. In addition to the auction, North Scottsdale attracts car enthusiasts from all over the world for its number of luxury and exotic car dealerships found only in a handful of U.S. communities, including Maybach, Spyker, Panoz, Ferrari, Lamborghini, Saleen, Lotus, McLaren, [BMW],Aston Martin, Rolls-Royce, Bentley, and Maserati.

[edit] Nearby areas

Due to the luxury establishments and numerous businesses including Best Western, Petsmart, and U-Haul calling this area home, it is now the prime real estate of the Phoenix area. In 2005, both Scottsdale and Paradise Valley were among the top ten markets in the nation for luxury home sales, and the only two cities outside of California.^[8] Paradise Valley was ranked ninth with $637 million dollars in luxury home sales, while Scottsdale was ranked tenth with $594 million dollars in luxury home sales.^[8] Epitomizing the area's wealth and real estate is the famed Wrigley Mansion, built by chewing-gum magnate William Wrigley, Jr. in 1932, blending Spanish, California Monterey and Mediterranean architecture. (It should be noted that the Wrigley Mansion is located to the west of Scottsdale in the City of Phoenix in the Biltmore region.)

The area also contains some of the most expensive real estate in the Greater Phoenix metropolitan area, with some homes selling as much as $25 million. Many celebrities have homes here, including musicians Alice Cooper, Dave Mustaine, Rob Halford, Brandy Norwood, Stevie Nicks, Glen Campbell, Rod Stewart, athletes Phil Mickelson, Danica Patrick, Mike Tyson, Jeff Hornacek, Charles Barkley, Wayne Gretzky, Muhammad Ali, radio personality Paul Harvey, actors Leslie Nielsen, Vince Vaughn, Rick Schroder cartoonist Bil Keane, and adult film star Jenna Jameson. Many celebrities own second homes in the area, including Britney Spears, Sharon Stone, Jennifer Aniston, Larry King, Elle Macpherson, and Jessica Simpson. Arizona's handful of billionaires also enjoy residing in this area including Geordie Hormel, Bennett Dorrance and the Sperling Family.

[edit] Climate

See Phoenix: Climate.

[edit] Demographics

As of the census^GR2 of 2000, there were 202,705 people, 90,669 households, and 54,492 families residing in the city. The population density was 424.9/km² (1,100.4/mi²). There were 104,974 housing units at an average density of 220.0/km² (569.9/mi²). The racial makeup of the city was 92.19% White, 1.23% Black or African American, 0.61% Native American, 1.96% Asian, 0.08% Pacific Islander, 2.27% from other races, and 1.65% from two or more races. 6.96% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 90,669 households out of which 22.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.6% were married couples living together, 7.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 39.9% were non-families. 30.8% of all households were made up of individuals and 9.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.22 and the average family size was 2.79.

In the city the population was spread out with 19.3% under the age of 18, 6.6% from 18 to 24, 30.4% from 25 to 44, 26.9% from 45 to 64, and 16.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females there were 93.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.5 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $57,484, and the median income for a family was $73,846. Males had a median income of $51,204 versus $34,739 for females. The per capita income for the city was $39,158. About 3.4% of families and 5.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 5.4% of those under age 18 and 5.9% of those age 65 or over.

[edit] Economy

The tourism industry is Scottsdale's primary employer, accounting for 39% of the city's workforce. Nearby Biltmore Fashion Park (in Phoenix) includes many high-end tenants such as Saks Fifth Avenue, Ralph Lauren, Cartier, Escada, as well as many highly-acclaimed eateries. Several popular restaurant chains are also headquartered in Scottsdale, including Cold Stone Creamery, Peter Piper Pizza, Kona Grill, and P.F. Chang's China Bistro. Movie theater chain Harkins Theatres is also based in Scottsdale.

The city is also home to several technology firms, such as Motorola Research and Development and Medical Operations, General Dynamics C4 Systems, Taser International, and internet company Go Daddy.

The aviation industry has also grown in Scottsdale, with the Scottsdale Airport, which opened in the 1960s. By 2004, the airpark area around the airport employed nearly 50,000 people, and housed 2,200 businesses with a combined economic impact of $3 billion annually.

Other companies based in Scottsdale include Allied Waste Industries (Fortune 500), ClubJenna, The Dial Corporation, Discount Tire Company, and Fender Musical Instruments Corporation.

During the 1950s through the 1970s, several large manufacturing companies in the Scottsdale and Tempe areas used the solvent trichloroethylene (TCE) in their manufacturing and operating processes.^[9] In 1981, TCE began to show up in two Scottsdale drinking wells, and in 1983, the Indian Bend Wash superfund site was listed on the Environmental Protection Agency's National Priorities List.^[9] Physical construction of cleanup systems was completed by 2006, with soil cleanup expected to be completed in five years and groundwater cleanup completed in 30 years.^[9]

[edit] Culture

[edit] Tourism

Scottsdale is a premiere tourist destination in the western United States. With its number of exquisite eateries, 5-star hotels and resorts, luxury golf courses, high-end boutiques, and famed night-life, Scottsdale contributes millions of dollars to the economy of Greater Phoenix.

It is estimated more than 7.5 million tourists visit Scottsdale each year for its nationally-renowned resorts and spas. The city has the highest number of spas per capita of any city in the U.S, earning the city a national recognition as an ideal destination for relaxation.^[10] Scottsdale has the second highest number of restaurants in the Valley with about 836 restaurants. Additionally, it is the second highest restaurants per capita in the Valley with 1 restaurant for every 357 residents. The city's year-round warm weather is a great factor in its appeal, thus, it annually sees thousands of tourists (known locally as "snowbirds") flood the community during the winter season. The weather hovers around 65 degrees during the winters, making Scottsdale's outdoor activities popular year round. With its number of mountains, Scottsdale attracts hikers for its many trails, preserves, and scenic views. Other popular activities include horseback riding, off-roading, water rafting, and hot air ballooning.

The city is home to more than 70 resorts and hotels, with four of them listed as AAA Five-Diamond hotels in 2005 (The Phoenician, Scottsdale Camelback Inn, Four Seasons Resort Scottsdale at Troon North, and the Fairmont Princess Resort and Spa).^[11]

Scottsdale is also the spring training home of the San Francisco Giants.

[edit] Western Rodeo

The West's Most Western Town prides itself in its rich Western cowboy history, preserving while heavily promoting its plethora of "western" activities and events. The renowned Scottsdale Arabian Horse Show has been a Scottsdale tradition since 1955. Today, the show attracts thousands of visitors and tourists, hoping to catch a glimpse of nearly 2000 purebred Arabian and Half-Arabian horses competing for various prizes and recognition. The show also features over 300 vendors and exhibitions, and over 25 demonstrations and shows.^[12]

Perhaps the most famous present-day cowboy event is the Scottsdale Jaycees Parada del Sol, an annual month long event held in Scottsdale since 1954. Originally named The Sunshine Festival, the PRCA Rodeo was added in 1956. Cowboys and cowgirls from across the nation converge in Scottsdale to participate in this cultural and historical event. The event begins each year with the Parada del Sol Parade, the world's largest horse-drawn parade with over 150 entries in any given year. ^[13]

[edit] Museums & Art

Scottsdale is home to more than 125 art galleries,^[14] The city has quickly become a center for art in the United States. Its galleries are most famous for western and Native American themed art.^[15] The Scottsdale Gallery Association sponsors a weekly Art Walk on Thursday evenings, featuring many prominent artists.

Located in Old Town is Scottsdale's performing arts district. The Scottsdale Center for the Arts hosts musicals and plays, with several open-ended performances including the nationwide Menopause: The Musical and Arizona's longest running show, The Late Night Catechism.

Also in this district since 1971 is the Scottsdale Arts Festival. Held every March, the Festival draws more than 40,000 visitors over a three-day weekend. It is Scottsdale's oldest arts festival, with proceeds supporting the Scottsdale Center for the Performing Arts' arts education and community outreach programs. The Festival includes arts and fine crafts for sale, as well as presentations, performances and demonstrations.

[edit] Golf

Hyatt Regency at Gainey Ranch golf course in Central Scottsdale.

With more than 330 days of sunshine, Scottsdale is best known as a premiere destination in the United States and the world for golfing. Recently named "America's Best Place to Live for Golf" by the Robb Report,^[16] Though Golf is the sorriest sport in the land, Scottsdale is home to more than 200 area courses offering layouts that range from the rolling green fairways of traditional courses to the cactus-studded excitement of desert golf designs which tells you something about Scottsdale- it sucks. The combined quality and quantity of the city's daily fee golf clubs and courses have labeled Scottsdale a "must-visit" destination for the avid golfer. Scottsdale is home to the FBR Open Golf Tournament held at the Tournament Players Club, and later in March, hosts the Ping LPGA Tournament. As a result, many famed golfers have chosen to settle in the Scottsdale area.

The Boulders Resort & Golden Spa and Four Seasons Resort Scottsdale at Troon North were selected in 2005 as the second and fourth best golf resorts in the nation by Travel & Leisure Golf Magazine.^[17] Other notable golf courses in the area include Desert Mountain, Troon North, Grayhawk, and Desert Highlands.

[edit] Shopping & nightlife

Interior view of Scottsdale Fashion Square.

Scottsdale is one of the premiere shopping destinations of the southwest, home to many upscale and high-end boutiques and shops, with many stores such as Tiffany's reporting their Scottsdale location as one of the highest sales per square foot in the nation. There are more than 15 shopping centers, including the more upscale Kierland Commons and Scottsdale Fashion Square. Scottsdale is home to many designers, such as Gucci, Louis Vuitton, Bottega Veneta, Juicy Couture, Dana Buchman and Escada.

Scottsdale continues to expand its plethora of shopping destinations with both the Scottsdale Waterfront and the northern Scottsdale Palisene.

Scottsdale is also home to a wide variety of nightclubs and bars. Along with nearby Phoenix and Tempe, the Phoenix Metro Area is one of the most happening places in the entire southwest.^[18] The clubs in Scottsdale cater to a wide variety of patrons, some catering to the younger college crowd from nearby Scottsdale Community College and Arizona State University, while more upscale establishments are geared towards the 30 to 40+ crowds. While many patrons dress stylishly, there is no formal dress code, due to the hot climate. Except in the winter where everyone who enters the bar Lilly's is required to wear a fur coat.^[18]

[edit] In popular culture

Please help improve this article or section by expanding it.
Further information might be found on the talk page or at requests for expansion.
This article has been tagged since February 2007.

In the episode Kill Gil: Vols. 1 & 2 of The Simpsons, the family re-visits Gil in a business in Scottsdale.

In an episode of The Sopranos, Sal Bonpensiero mentions Scottsdale to FBI Agent Skip Lipari, praising its good golf conditions.

In the movie Little Miss Sunshine, Richard, the father of the family played by Greg Kinnear, attempts to jump-start a self-help motivational business by meeting a business partner in Scottsdale.

In the movie "Nigs for Medallions" LaShaunda praises her neice who smoked crack in Scottsdale.

[edit] Infrastructure

[edit] Government

Scottsdale is governed by a mayor and city council, all of whom are elected "at large" to represent the entire city. A city manager is responsible for the executive leadership of the city staff, as well as implementing council policies, developing programs and budgets to respond to council goals, and ensuring that citizens receive effective and efficient city services. The city manager also serves as the city treasurer.

The current mayor is Mary Manross (term ends June 2008), and the current members of the city council are Betty Drake, Wayne Ecton, W.J. "Jim" Lane, Robert Littlefield, Ron McCullagh, and Kevin J. Osterman. The current city manager is Janet M. Dolan.

[edit] Transportation

Scottsdale is located along Arizona State Route 101, which provides access to nearby Phoenix, Tempe, Mesa, Chandler, and other cities in the metro area.

Commercial air travel is served primarily by Sky Harbor International Airport (IATA: PHX, ICAO: KPHX) in Phoenix. The city is also home to Scottsdale Municipal Airport (IATA: SDL, ICAO: KSDL), a single-runway airport with over 500 operations per day. While the airport serves some tour and commuter flights, the plurality of aircraft operations are transient general aviation traffic.

[edit] Education

Public education in Scottsdale is provided for primarily by the Scottsdale Unified School District. A minority of the outlying parts of town fall under other school districts in the Phoenix Metro Area, including the Cave Creek Unified School District, Paradise Valley Unified School District, Phoenix Union High School District, Tempe Union High School District, and the Balsz Elementary School District.

There are five major high schools in Scottsdale: Arcadia High School, Chaparral High School, Coronado High School, Desert Mountain High School, and Saguaro High School!

The primary institution of higher education in the city is Scottsdale Community College. Many students also commute to nearby Arizona State University in Tempe.

See also: List of school districts in Phoenix, Arizona

[edit] Sister cities

Scottsdale has four sister cities, as designated by Sister Cities International, Inc.:^[19]

[edit] References

^ ^a ^b Annual Estimates of the Population for Incorporated Places over 100,000 (CSV). 2005 Population Estimates. U.S. Census Bureau, Population Division (June 21, 2006). Retrieved on November 14, 2006.
^ "Scottsdale History." Scottsdale Convention & Visitors Bureau. Retrieved on June 1, 2006.
^ Butler, Jay; Lambrakis, Christine. "Greater Phoenix August Resale Market Housing Price Increases Slow." Arizona State University. September 14, 2005. Retrieved on August 9, 2006.
^ "[http://www.starwoodhotels.com/whotels/about/news_release_detail.html?obj_id=0900c7b9803bb304 W Hotels Continues Rapid Expansion with a New W Hotel and Residences in Scottsdale]." Starwood Hotels (press release). July 8, 2004. Retrieved on August 9, 2006.
^ Corbett, Peter. "Ritz-Carlton plans PV hotel." Arizona Republic. June 22, 2006. Retrieved on August 9, 2006.
^ "[http://www.easternct.edu/depts/amerst/MallsLarge.htm Largest Shopping Malls in the United States (2004)]." American Studies, Eastern Connecticut State University. December 17, 2005. Retrieved on August 9, 2006.
^ Christie, Les. "Real estate cools down." CNN (CNN Money). May 16, 2006. Retrieved on July 6, 2006.
^ ^a ^b Yantis, John. "State tops $1 billion in luxury home sales in 2005." East Valley Tribune. March 7, 2006.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Indian Bend Wash: Construction Complete." United States Environmental Protection Agency. Page last updated on February 16, 2007. Retrieved on February 28, 2007.
^ Hogan, Shanna. "Scottsdale is tops in country for spas." East Valley Tribune. July 11, 2006. Retrieved on July 13, 2006.
^ Sardone, Susan B. "AAA Five-Diamond Hotels 2005 - AAA Hotel Listings." About.com. 2005. Retrieved on August 9, 2006.
^ Hedding, Judy. "Scottsdale Arabian Horse Show." About.com. Retrieved on August 9, 2006.
^ "Scottsdale Jaycees Parada del Sol - History." Scottsdale Jaycees . Retrieved on August 16, 2006.
^ "Listings of Scottsdale Art Galleries." Scottsdale Convention & Visitors Bureau. Retrieved on July 6, 2006.
^ Staff Writer. "Things to do in Phoenix." The Arizona Republic. June 7, 2006. Retrieved on December 7, 2006.
^ Bennett, Liam. "Scottsdale's Fantasy 18." Scottsdale Convention & Visitors Bureau. Retrieved on June 1, 2006.
^ Staff Writer. "2005 World's Best Golf Resorts." Travel + Leisure Golf. Retrieved on July 6, 2006.
^ ^a ^b Staff Writer. "One Night Stand in Phoenix/Scottsdale." PubClub.com. Retrieved on July 6, 2006.
^ Sister Cities information obtained from the Sister Cities International, Inc. (SCI)." Retrieved on June 1, 2006.

[edit] External links

Maps and aerial photos Coordinates: 33.590709° -111.895985°
- Street map from Google Maps, or Yahoo! Maps, or Windows Live Local
- Satellite image from Google Maps, Windows Live Local, WikiMapia
- Topographic map from TopoZone
- Aerial image or topographic map from TerraServer-USA

v • d • e

Metropolitan area of Phoenix, Arizona, the Valley of the Sun

Central City: Phoenix
Largest suburbs (over 100,000 inhabitants): Chandler • Gilbert • Glendale • Mesa • Peoria • Scottsdale • Surprise • Tempe
Other suburbs and towns (over 10,000 inhabitants): Anthem • Apache Junction • Avondale • Buckeye • Casa Grande • El Mirage • Eloy • Florence • Fountain Hills • Goodyear • Gold Canyon • Luke Air Force Base • Maricopa • New River • Paradise Valley • Queen Creek • Sun City • Sun City West • Sun Lakes
Smaller suburbs and towns (over 5,000 inhabitants): Black Canyon City • Carefree • Cave Creek • Coolidge • Gila Bend • Guadalupe • Litchfield Park • Superior • Tolleson • Wickenburg • Youngtown
Counties: Maricopa • Pinal • Yavapai

	State of Arizona Phoenix (capital)
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