Animation
From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Animation is a way of making a movie from many unmoving images. The images are put together one after another, and then played at a fast speed to give the appearance of movement. Most animations are played at a speed of sixteen to twenty-four images per second. Each image becomes one frame of the movie. The illusion of movement is caused because of persistence of vision.
A person who creates animations is called an animator.
There are three ways to animate:
- Draw each frame
- Use stop-motion: make a model scene and change it to create a new image (frame)
- Make computer graphics
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[edit] Overview
Because it is expensive to make, most animation comes from professional companies. However, independent animators have existed since the 1950s in America, with many of those people entering the professional industry. In Europe, the independent movement has existed since the 1910s, with animators like pre-revolutionary Russia's Ladislas Starevich and Germany's Lotte Reiniger.
On the internet, many people use a computer program called Flash to create animations. Flash uses a combination of drawing and computer graphics to make animations. Many animations on the internet are made in Flash. Most animators on the internet do not work for professional companies.
On Television a often used genre (type) of animation is called limited animation. It is used by popular companies such as UPA and Hanna-Barbera Productions. Limited animation is drawn with not a lot of movement in it. This makes the images easier to draw. This type is used to lower the cost of making animations. It also helps to make production of animation faster.
[edit] History
To find out about the history of the genre, refer to the upcoming "History of animation" page.
[edit] Famous names in the industry
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[edit] Famous animation studios
[edit] United States
- DePatie-Freleng Enterprises
- DreamWorks SKG
- Film Roman
- Filmation
- Hanna-Barbera Productions (now Cartoon Network Studios)
- Klasky Csupo
- MGM
- Pixar
- UPA
- Walt Disney Pictures
- Warner Bros.
[edit] Canada
- Atkinson Film-Arts
- Cinar (now Cookie Jar Entertainment)
- CinéGroupe
- Nelvana
[edit] Europe
- Aardman (United Kingdom)
- Belvision (Belgium)
- Chromosomos (Spain)
- DIC (France)
- Ellipse Programme (France)
- France Animation
- Grand Slamm Children's Films (United Kingdom)
- Soyuzmultfilm (Russia)
- Sullivan Bluth Studios (Ireland)
- Zagreb Film (Croatia)
[edit] Asia
[edit] Japan
- Bandai Visual
- BONES
- GAINAX
- Gonzo
- Madhouse Studios
- Production I.G.
- Studio Ghibli
- Sunrise
- Tatsunoko Productions
- Toei
- shokushu goukan
[edit] China
[edit] Philippines
- Toon City
[edit] Australia
- DisneyToon Studios
- Liquid Animation
[edit] See also
[edit] External links
- Keyframe - The Animation Resource
- A Detailed History of Animation
- Don Markenstein's Toonopedia
- Animation World Network
- Cartoon Research (site has a complete list of American release dates for animated features)
- Internet Movie Database's page for animation (and also its lists of best and worst titles)
- PowerPoint Heaven - The Power to Animate Contains tutorials on creating animations for PowerPoint Presentations.
