Telefunken
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- For the card game played in certain South American countries, see Telefunken (game).
Telefunken is a German radio and television company, founded in 1903.
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[edit] Description
The company Telefunken was founded on the 27 of May 1903 based as “Telefunken society for wireless telegraphy” of Siemens & Halske (S&H) and the general Elektricitäts society (AEG) as joint undertakings for radio engineering in Berlin. Originally it was a joint venture of AEG and Siemens AG, until Siemens left in 1941. In 1911 Kaiser Wilhelm sent Telefunken engineers to West Sayville, New York to erect three 600-foot (180 meters) radio towers there. Nikola Tesla assisted in the building. A similar station was erected in Nauen, creating the only wireless communication between North America and Europe. In 1967 it was merged with AEG, which was then renamed to AEG-Telefunken. When AEG was bought by Daimler in 1985 the addition "Telefunken" was dropped. The brand name "Telefunken" is still marketed by DaimlerChrysler. Walter Bruch developed the PAL color television system at Telefunken, which is used by most countries outside the Americas today. Telefunken | USA™ was incorporated in 2001 to provide restoration services and build reproductions of vintage Telefunken microphones.
In 1939 it had a staff of 23,500 coworkers. 1941 took over the AEG the portions of S&H and continued to lead Telefunken as 100%ige subsidiary (starting from 1955 “Telefunken GmbH”, starting from 1963 “Telefunken AG”). 1967 fused the parent company AEG with that Telefunken AG to the AEG-TELEFUNKEN AG. With it the independent existence of Telefunken ended. About 34,600 Telefunken coworkers turned into on AEG-TELEFUNKEN. 1985 changed the company corporation for its names in AEG, 1996 ignored the AEG by fusion on Daimler Benz at that time AG.
The name company name Telefunken still arose until 2005 in names of ausgeglierten and/or sold divisions. The label name Telefunken is also today still used. The trademark laws lie over the EHG electrical getting thing with DaimlerChrysler as a right successor of the AEG.
With the foundation of a firm the companies S&H and AEG folded up their knowledge and activities, over for the civilian navigation to entwicklen the military and the interkontionentale transmission of news radio and receivings and to marked out at the beginning of the age of the radio and communications technology. Starting from 1923 Telefunken built transmitters for the broadcast and radio sets. 1932 was added records. During the Second World War Telefunken supplier of tubes, transmitters was and a radio relay system for the realm resistance and developed radar facilities and direction finders. To the war manufacturing plants were shifted and developed to West Germany or again based. Thus Telefunken under the “heavy current nut/mother” AEG developed to the “weak current daughter” with the three divisions realigning and data processing technology, elements as well as broadcast, television and Phono. Telefunken had substantial successes on these markets during the time of the self-sufficiency and also later in the AEG company.
Economic difficulties of the AEG company forced a separating of business fields, the participation third in divisions and/or the later sales starting from approximately 1970. Particularly due to settlement proceedings of the AEG (August 1982 until October 1984) substantial core spheres of activity were delivered. Some spheres of activity of Telefunken are resumed this very day successfully in follow-up enterprises, others are in the meantime completely adjusted.
In 2005, Telefunken SenderSysteme Berlin changed its name to Transradio SenderSysteme Berlin AG. The name Transradio dates back to 1918 when Transradio was founded as a subsidiary of Telefunken. A year later in 1919, Transradio made history by introducing duplex transmission. Transradio is specialised in research, development and design of modern AM, VHF/FM and DRM broadcasting systems.
[edit] Business fields
In the works of Telefunken and/or in the departments changed over to AEG-TELEFUNKEN an extensive product spectrum of devices and systems was developed and produced from 1903 to 1996. Common characteristic is the authority for high frequency and communications technology and the construction unit and infrastructure technology necessary for it. Among other things:
- Analogue computer
- Voucher recognition, pattern recognition and letter assortment
- Data communications networks
- Digital computer for exchange technique, air traffic control, scientific, military applications
- Electrical elements
- Electroacoustic plants and Studioausrüstung
- Flugsicherungssyteme
- Guidance and Waffeneinsatzsyteme
- Radio and data communication for applications of military
- Radios for authority and operating radio
- Semiconductor, circuits, solar cells, infrared modules
- Mobile radio engineering
- Direction finder and detection
- Phono and tape decks, videodisc
- Radar facilities for soil, flight and ship monitoring
- Radio and TV home receiver
- Radio relay link and satellite technology
- Records
- Sending and receipt tubes, Wanderfeldröhren, color image tubes
- Transmitter for broadcast and television, DAB transmitter
- Speech recognition
- Telephone, long-distance traffic, cable technology
[edit] locations and manufacturing plants
Into the 1930er years production was made after a distributor in the workshops of the two parent companies. The company headquarters was in Berlin cross mountain, Halle bank.
Starting from 1936 own manufacturing plants in Berlin Zehlendorf, Görzallee and Berlin Moabit became, Sickingenstr. established and/or taken over.
During the Second World War there were further manufacturing plants in the area Berlin, in Thuringia, Saxonia, Mähren, Schlesien, on Rügen. In addition, in occupied areas of the Baltic and Poland in Reval, Riga, Krakau, floats and Lodz works were established also with forced laborers. The tube mill Lodz was shifted 1944 with the staff after Ulm.
After the Second World War new firm locations for development and production were established. The company headquarters was in Berlin cross mountain, Mehringdamm, late Berlin Charlottenburg, seriousness Reuter place. Production in:
- Backnang: Long-distance traffic and cable technology
- Berlin Moabit, Sickingenstr.: Broadcast and remote very much transmitter, mobile communication
- Berlin Moabit, Sickingenstr.: Tubes
- Berlin Reinickendorf, Schwedenstr.: Phono and tape decks
- Eiweiler: High-frequency engineering
- Hanover: Broadcast and television sets
- Heilbronn: Semiconductor, circuits, solar cells, infrared modules
- Konstanz: Computer technology, letter assortment, character recognition technology, air traffic control, Studio tape decks, cash dispensing devices
- Open castle: Long-distance traffic technology
- Ulm, Danube valley: Television picture tubes
- Ulm, Elisabethenstr.: Radar, pinpointing, detection plants, Sprech-und of radio data transmission devices, Forschungsinstitut
- Ulm, Söflinger STR.: Tubes
- Wolfenbüttel: Electroacoustics
[edit] Enterprise history
Around the turn of the century two groups of researchers worked on the development from techniques to the wireless transmission of news in Germany. The one group around Adolf Slaby and George count von Arco developed the other one on behalf the German navy for the AEG, under Karl Ferdinand brown on behalf the German army for Siemens.
When the two companies began to argue about the patents emperor Wilhelm smoothed II. On its urge both companies created to 27. May 1903 the company Gesellschaft for wireless telegraphy Ltd., which received the contentious patents and techniques. This was then renamed on 17 April 1923 the Firmierung in Telefunken, Gesellschaft for wireless telegraphy. Telefunken was the telegraph address of the society. First technical director von Telefunken became George count von Arco.
In the Second World War Telefunken was a prominent supplier of radar device. Telefunken was for many decades with the subsidiary company Teldec also one of the largest German record companies.
1959 established a modern semiconductor work in Heilbronn to Telefunken, where at April 1960 production began. The work was extended several times, so 1970 by a sechsstöckigen new building at the northern edge of the area. Here years approximately 2500 humans worked at the beginning of the 1970er.
With the models TR 4 and TR 440 were developed at Telefunken in Konstanz Grossechenanlagen, which was in the years 1970 to approximately 1985 at many German university computing centres in use. The large computer development and - manufacturing was separated 1974 to the computers society Konstanz (CGK). The area of the middle computers and process computers was integrated into the automatic control engineering of the AEG.
In the year 2005 Telefunken SenderSysteme Berlin AG changed its name in Transradio of SenderSysteme Berlin AG. The history of the name Transradio can be retraced up to the year 1918. With the introduction of the duplex traffic with radio communications in the year 1919 the company Transradio attained world-wide acknowledgment. Transradio is specialized in research, development and construction of TO, VHF/CFM and DRM transmitters.
In August 2006 acquired the Turkish enterprise Profilo Telra, one of the largest European manufacturers of TV-devices, of Telefunken Licenses GmbH the trademark laws at the mark Telefunken and produces since then televisions under the label name of the tradition company.
[edit] literature
- M. Friedewald: Telefunken and the German ship radio 1903-1914. In: Magazine for enterprise history 46. No. 1, 2001, P. 27-57
- M. Fox: George von Arco (1869-1940) - engineer, Pazifist, technical director von Telefunken. A Erfinderbiographie. Publishing house for history of the natural sciences and the technology, Berlin and Munich Diepholz 2003
- L. And Scholl: Marconi versus Telefunken: Drathlose telegraphy and their meaning for shipping. In: G. Bayerl, W. weber (Hrsg.): Social history of the technology. Ulrich Troitz to 60. Birthday. Waxmann, Münster 1997 (Cottbuser studies to the history of technology, work and environment, 7)
- Telefunken transmitter technology GmbH: 90 years Telefunken. Berlin 1993
- E. Thiele (Hrsg.): Telefunken after 100 years: The inheritance of a German world brand. Nicolai, Berlin 2003
- Pure hard small Arendt: The radio station Nauen with Berlin. In: Ulrich van the Heyden, Joachim Zeller (Hg.) „… Power and portion of the world domination. “Berlin and the German colonialism. Unrast publishing house. Münster 2005, ISBN 3-89771-024-2
[edit] Trivia
Frank Zappa refers to the Telefunken U 47 microphone at the end of the song "Crew Slut" and in the song "Sy Borg" on his album Joe's Garage. "It looks just like a Telefunken U 47." He apparently owned and used a significant collection of vintage German microphones, and the U 47 was one of his favorites. The microphone was actually made by Neumann and was distributed by Telefunken with replacement nameplate, in addition to being sold under the Neumann name.
