Transportation in Mexico

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Mexico's land transportation network is one of the most extensive in Latin America. More than 4,000 kilometers (2,400 mi.) of four-lane highway have been built through government concessions to private sector contractors since 1989, of which 3,500 kilometers (2,100 mi.) have been constructed since 1994. The vast majority of these expressways are toll roads, like in most other developing countries. (Originally awarded under Build-Operate-Transfer concession schemes, most of these private highways have since been "rescued" by central government financial intervention to save the operators from bankruptcy.)

The 26,622 km (16,268 mi.) of government-owned railroads in Mexico have been privatized through the sale of 50-year operating concessions. In the 1980s and 1990s, the government allowed the private operators to abandon nearly all passenger rail service. A plethora of private intercity bus lines serve the nation. Passenger rail service to the Copper Canyon region still operates, due to the remote nature of the area and tourist ridership.

Tampico, Tamaulipas, and Veracruz, Veracruz, on the Gulf of Mexico, are Mexico's two primary seaports. Recognizing that the low productivity of Mexico's 108 ports poses a threat to trade development, the government has steadily been privatizing port operations to improve their efficiency. A number of international airlines serve Mexico, with direct or connecting flights from most major cities in the United States, Canada, Europe, Japan, and Latin America. Most Mexican regional capitals and resorts have direct air services to Mexico City or the United States. Airport privatization, based on Mexico's successful experience with seaports, is nearly complete.

Contents 1 Railways 1.1 Railway links with adjacent countries 2 Highways 3 Intercity Bus Transport 4 Urban Transport 5 Waterways 6 Pipelines 7 Ports and harbors 7.1 Gulf of Mexico (Atlantic Ocean) 7.2 Pacific Ocean 7.3 Other 8 Merchant marine 9 Airports 9.1 Airports - with paved runways 9.2 Airports - with unpaved runways 9.3 Heliports 10 External links

[edit] Railways

• See Railways in Mexico, List of Mexican railroads and Rail transport in Mexico

total: 31,048 km
standard gauge: 30,958 km 1.435-m gauge (246 km electrified)
narrow gauge: 90 km 0.914-m gauge (1998 est.)

Railway map

[edit] Railway links with adjacent countries

• Guatemala – yes – break-of-gauge 1435mm/914mm (Currently inactive or not in use)
• Belize – no
• United States – yes

[edit] Highways

See:

• List of Mexican Federal Highways
• List of Mexican autopistas (Toll roads)

total: 323,977 km
paved: 96,221 km (including 6,335 km of expressways)
unpaved: 227,756 km (1997 est.)

[edit] Intercity Bus Transport

See:

• List of Mexican bus lines

[edit] Urban Transport

Cities with underground railway systems:	Mexico City (SCT Metro)
	Mexico City - Xochimilco (STE Tren ligero)
	Guadalajara, Jalisco (Sistema de Tren Eléctrico Urbano)
	Monterrey, Nuevo León (Metrorrey)

Regional rail

• Mexico City Ferrocarril Suburbano de le Zona Metropolitana de México

Bus rapid transit systems

• Optibus
• Mexico City Metrobús

Trolleybuses

• STE Mexico City trolebus

Other forms of local transport

• Pesero
• Chalupa (Water taxi)
• Share taxi (Taxi colectivo or Rutero)
• Taxi
• Cycle rickshaw (Bici-taxi or taxi ecologico}

[edit] Waterways

2,900 km navigable rivers and coastal canals

[edit] Pipelines

crude oil 28,200 km; petroleum products 10,150 km; natural gas 13,254 km; petrochemical 1,400 km

[edit] Ports and harbors

[edit] Gulf of Mexico (Atlantic Ocean)

• Tampico
• Veracruz

[edit] Pacific Ocean

• Acapulco
• Mazatlán
• Lázaro Cárdenas

[edit] Other

Altamira, Coatzacoalcos, Ensenada, Guaymas, La Paz, Lázaro Cárdenas, Manzanillo, Progreso, Salina Cruz, Topolobampo, Tuxpan.

[edit] Merchant marine

total: 46 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 633,219 GRT/970,947 DWT
ships by type: bulk 2, cargo 1, chemical tanker 4, liquified gas 4, petroleum tanker 29, roll-on/roll-off 3, short-sea passenger 3 (1999 est.)

[edit] Airports

1,806 (1999 est.)

[edit] Airports - with paved runways

total: 233
over 3,047 m: 10
2,438 to 3,047 m: 28
1,524 to 2,437 m: 87
914 to 1,523 m: 81
under 914 m: 27 (1999 est.)

[edit] Airports - with unpaved runways

total: 1,573
over 3,047 m: 1
2,438 to 3,047 m: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 63
914 to 1,523 m: 473
under 914 m: 1,035 (1999 est.)

• List of airports in Mexico
• General Abelardo L. Rodríguez International Airport in Tijuana, Baja California: the country's northernmost airport
• Tapachula International Airport in Tapachula, Chiapas: the southernmost.

National airlines: (Mexico has two flag carriers instead of one as most countries do)

• Aeroméxico
• Mexicana de Aviación

[edit] Heliports

2 (1999 est.)

[edit] External links

• (Spanish) Información de transporte en Mexico
• (Spanish) Secretaria de Comunicaciones y Transportes portal
• MEXLIST general repository of Mexican railway information
• Mexican Bus Company Websites