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The Venezuela Portal
Venezuela,
officially, the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, is a federal republic, located at the north of South America. It borders north with the Caribbean Sea, east to Guyana, south with Brazil and west with Colombia. Its territory comprehends about 916,445 km², including 600 islands that form the Federal Dependencies, uncounting the Essequibo area, which has been largely reclaimed by the country.
A country with a large biodiversity, Venezuela is divided into 23 states (estados), the Venezuelan Capital District and the aforementioned dependencies. The capital city is Caracas, where resides the government along the legislative body. The country gained independence from Spain in 1821, and was one of the three nations that formed the Great Colombia. The economy is most based on the petroleum industry, depending also on the agricultural sector. The official language is Spanish, although several indigenous languages are spoken by aboriginal tribes through the nation.
Venezuela is a co-founder member of the OPEC and the South American Community of Nations.
Ciudad Bolívar is the capital of the eastern Venezuelan state of Bolívar. It was founded with the name Angostura in 1764, renamed in 1846, and, as of 2000, had an estimated population of 312,691.
 The town lies at a narrowing of the Orinoco River and the original name was a contraction of the town's full descriptive name, 'Santo Tomé de Guayana de Angostura del Orinoco', "Saint Thomas of Guayana of the narrows of the Orinoco." The city lies at a spot where the Orinoco narrows to about 1 mile (1.6 km) in width, and is the site of the first bridge across the river. Another bridge has recently been constructed downstream at Puerto Ordaz. Ciudad Bolivar's historic centre is in a good state of preservation, with original colonial buildings around the "Plaza Bolivar", including a cathedral. It today serves as an important port on the Orinoco Riverfor the eastern regions of Venezuela . One of the Orinoco Basin's chief commercial centers, its main products include gold, iron ore, cattle, hides and rare woods. The town also gave its name to the Angostura tree (Cusparia febrifuga) which grows in the area. The bark of the small shrub-like tree was traditionally used as a bitter tonic and fever reducer. Angostura bitters were invented there, though the company which originally produced Angostura Bitters has since moved to Trinidad and Tobago. In 1973 a Museum of Modern Art opened. It was designed by Carlos Raúl Villanueva and was named after the city's famous son, the kinetic sculptor Jesus Soto.
- March 1, 1678 – The city of San Carlos de Austria is founded by request of a Spanish monk.
- March 1, 1927 – Musician Vinicio Adames is born.
- March 2, 1811 – The First Venezuelan Congress meets for the first time in Caracas.
- March 2, 1898 – Queipa Uprising: José Manuel Hernández, nicknamed El Mocho, launches a rebellion against the government, due to a possible electoral fraud.
- March 4, 1894 – Death of Arístides Rojas, writer and historian.
- March 4, 1970 – President Rafael Caldera decreets every March 4 as Peasant Day.
- March 5, 1858 – The March Revolution, led by Julián Castro, breaks out, to overthrow the government of the Monagas brothers.
- March 5, 1911 – Birth of Wolfgang Larrazábal.
- March 7, 1921 – Birth of Alejandro Otero, painter and abstract artist.
- March 9, 1454 – Assumed date of birth of Amerigo Vespucci.
- March 10, 1780 – Birth of Juan José Landaeta, the author of the Venezuelan national anthem.
- March 10, 1786 – Birth of José María Vargas, Venezuelan medician, writer, politician and scientific researcher.
- March 11, 1892 – The Legalist Revolution breaks out, led by Joaquín Crespo, to overthrow President Raimundo Andueza Palacio.
- March 12, 1806 – Francisco de Miranda displays the sketch of the flag of Venezuela on the SS Leander, in the course of an independentist invasion. March 12 is therefore celebrated as Flag Day.
- March 14, 1869 – Birth of Francisco Lazo Martí, poet, author of the Silva Criolla, and guerrilla rebel in numerous occasions.
- March 14, 1870 – Birth of Pedro Elías Gutiérrez, composer of the music for the Alma Llanera.
- March 14, 1902 – Birth of Luis Beltrán Prieto Figueroa.
- March 15, 1775 – Birth of Juan Bautista Arismendi in La Asunción, Nueva Esparta.
- March 16, 1978 – Renny Ottolina dies in a plane crash, days after announcing his will to run for presidency.
- March 17, 1814 – Vicente Campo Elías dies in a hospital, wounded after the First Battle of San Mateo.
- March 18, 1525 – Emperor Charles V decreets the establishing of the Province of Margarita, the first province of the country.
- March 18, 1852 – Birth of Rafael Baralt, medician, historian, poet and politician.
- March 18, 1872 – Death of José Félix Blanco, priest and military helper of Simón Bolívar.
- March 19, 1799 – Francisco Javier Pirela reveals to the authorities of Maracaibo his own plot to topple the Spanish government.
- March 20, 1799 – The date of the first letter of Simón Bolívar, destinated to his uncle.
- March 20, 1947 – Death of Pedro Emilio Coll, writer and periodist.
- March 22, 1931 – The Barranquilla Plan is signed, for the overthrowal of Juan Vicente Gómez.
- March 23, 1854 – The Law for the Abolition of Slavery is passed on by the Congress.
- March 23, 1908 – Birth of Jóvito Villalba.
- March 23, 1938 – The Bolivarian Society of Venezuela is created, to promote the thinking and views of Simón Bolívar.
- March 25, 1555 – The city of Valencia del Rey is founded by Alonso Díaz Moreno.
- March 25, 1814 – Antonio Ricaurte dies while setting fire to the house he was in, in order to eliminate a battalion of royalists during the Battle of San Mateo.
- March 26, 1536 – The city of La Asunción is founded by Francisco de Villacota.
- March 26, 1812 – An earthquake desroys Caracas and several other cities. The earthquake was taken by local royalists as a divine punishment for the Republican rebellion against the Spanish Empire.
- March 27, 1528 – Emperor Charles V concedes the Welser family the rights of the Province of Venezuela. Ambrosius Ehinger is designated its first Governor.
- March 27, 1767 – Charles III of Spain decreets the expelling of the Order of the Jesuits from Venezuela and the other Spanish dominated territories.
- March 28, 1750 – General Francisco de Miranda is born in Caracas.
- March 30, 1845 – The Treaty of Recognition, Peace and Friendship is signed, formalizing Spanish recognizal of Venezuelan independence.
- March 31, 1814 – Battle of Bocachica: José Tomás Boves defeats Republican forces near San Mateo.
- March 31, 1816 – Los Cayos Expedition: Simón Bolívar launches the expedition in an attempt to invade and recover the mainland.
March 8, 2007
- The National Assembly approves the revaluation of the bolívar at a ratio of 1 to 1,000 bolívares since January 2008. The new currency will be called the Bolívar Fuerte (Bs. F).
December 28, 2006
- The President states that the government won't renew the broadcasting license to the RCTV TV channel since next May.
December 3, 2006
- Hugo Chávez is reelected for another presidential term, with a 63% of the vote. Manuel Rosales, who achieved a 37% of the popular vote, recognized the results.
November 18, 2006
November 15, 2006
November 3, 2006
October 26, 2006
October 20, 2006
October 15, 2006
- The Ezequiel Zamora Rail System is openen to public service, between Caracas and Tuy Medio. The rail is expected to relieve highway traffic to the city.
September 6, 2006
September 2, 2006
- The Venezuela national football team loses 0-1 to Switzerland.
August 13, 2006
- Ex opposition leader Carlos Ortega and four other military companions, escape the Ramo Verde Prison, where they remained inmates.
August 9, 2006
July 18, 2006
- Line 4 of the Caracas Metro is opened to public use, running from Capuchinos station to Plaza Venezuela.
- Pintor que pintas tu tierra,
- si quieres pintar tu cielo,
- cuando pintes angelitos,
- acuérdate de tu pueblo;
- y al lado del ángel rubio
- y junto al ángel trigueño,
- aunque la Virgen sea blanca,
- píntame angelitos negros.
• Andrés Eloy Blanco, "Píntame Angelitos Negros".
English: "Painter, you that paint your land, / if you want to paint your heaven, / when you're painting little angels, / remember where you're from; / and beside the blond angel / and next to the brunette angel, / even if the Virgin is white, / paint me black little angels."
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