Wausau, Wisconsin
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Wausau is the county seat of Marathon County, Wisconsin. The city is located at 44°57'N 89°38'W with an altitude of 364.2 meters (1,195 feet). The Wisconsin River divides the city. Wausau is 180 miles east of Minneapolis, Minnesota. The city is located adjacent to and partially surrounded by the Town of Wausau. According to the 2000 census, Wausau had a population of 38,426 people. It is the principal city of the Wausau, Wisconsin Metropolitan Statistical Area.
The Wausau metropolitan area had a 2000 census population of 78,664 and, besides the City of Wausau, includes Schofield, Rothschild, Weston, Kronenwetter, and the town of Rib Mountain. The city forms the core of the United States Census Bureau's Wausau MSA, which includes all of Marathon County (2000 population: 125,834). It is the 297th largest MSA in the United States.
The industries of Wausau include paper manufacturing, insurance, home manufacturing, and tourism.
Wausau is home to the Leigh Yawkey Woodson Art Museum, famous for its "Birds in Art" collection. Wausau is also home to a world-class kayak course, having hosted numerous regional, national, and world competitions over the last two decades.
Wausau is also known for its red granite, which is mined nearby.
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[edit] History
[edit] Wausau's founding
The Wisconsin River is what first drew settlers to the area during the middle of the 1800s. Known as Big Bull Flats or Big Bull Falls by the native Chippewa Indians, a treaty was formed in 1836 that transferred land to federal ownership.
It was George Stevens in 1840 who began processing the pine forests into lumber and subsequently, other sawmills along the Wisconsin River began to spring up as well.
By 1846 Walter McIndoe arrived, taking the lead in the local business and community. His efforts helped, in part, to establish Marathon County in 1850.
[edit] Early settlers
By 1852, Wausau had been established as a town and continued to grow and mature. German immigration into the area brought with it more people, and by 1861, the town was incorporated as a village. Churches, schools, industry and social organizations began to flourish with the State of Wisconsin granting the now city a charter in 1872, with elections to be held the first Tuesday in April. The citizens elected August Kickbusch as their first mayor.
When the railroad arrived in 1874, Wausau was even more accessible to people and industry, still mostly focused on lumber production. This technology allowed the city to continue to grow and flourish, even as other villages and towns in the area were forced to close due to the rapidly vanishing forests and closing of the lumber mills.
[edit] 20th century
Wausau's favorable location on the Wisconsin River was partly responsible for the city's survival. Furthermore, the economy was being reformed and diversified in the early 1900s by an insurance group who would later be known as the Wausau Group or Wausau Insurance Companies. For example, papermaking followed lumber production.
As with the arrival of the railroad, the arrival of the automobile helped improve roads in the area.
The stock market crash in 1929 had a major effect on the Wausau area. Many industries were forced to cut back by laying off and dismissing workers or close altogether. After decades of positive growth, the city had virtually ground to a halt. However, under the New Deal Wausau was heavily modernized; and after World War II, the city once again continued to grow, mostly in industry, education, recreation, and retail, rather than population.
In 1983, the Wausau Center shopping mall opened and still exists today.
By the middle and late 1990s, the city of Wausau began to purchase and develop more of the West Industrial Park to meet the needs of the expanding economy and companies.
[edit] The new millennium
By the end of the 20th century, the city council had begun to implement the Redevelopment Plan, or the Wausau Central Business District Master Plan. This included redevelopment and economic structuring of downtown Wausau.
[edit] Geography and climate
[edit] Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 46.0 km² (17.8 mi²). 42.7 km² (16.5 mi²) of it is land and 3.3 km² (1.3 mi²) of it (7.15%) is water. Interesting to note is that Wausau is very close to being at the very center of the northern half of the western hemisphere. It is just west of Wausau where 45 degrees latitude meets 90 degrees longitude. It is exactly halfway between the Equator and the North Pole and a quarter of the way around the world from Greenwich, England.
[edit] Climate
Wausau's climate is classified as being halfway between temperate and subarctic (boreal and hemiboreal). Wausau is built on or around a hemiboreal forest which has some of the characteristics of a boreal forest. Furthermore, they also share some of the features of the temperate-zone forests to the south. Coniferous trees predominate in the hemiboreal zone, but a significant number of deciduous species will be found there as well.
The area has four distinct seasons.
- Average annual precipitation: 31.6 inches (80.3 centimeters).
- Average daily high temperatures:
- January: 20.8 Fahrenheit (-6 Celsius)
- July: 84.3 Fahrenheit (29 Celsius)
[edit] Government and Politics
[edit] Economy
Nearly one third of the Marathon County economy is manufacturing-based and the balance of service and industry provides a stable and productive workforce. Furthermore, the Wausau region has a consistently lower than average unemployment rate and continues a steady growth in job creation and economic viability among manufacturers and service providers alike. Wausau has 12 banks with 41 different branch locations, 3 trust companies and 3 holding companies located in metropolitan area. Furthermore, there are 13 open membership credit unions with 18 branch locations.
The Wausau area is also a center for cultivation of American ginseng.
- Further information: List of companies in Wausau
[edit] Demographics
| City of Wausau Population by year |
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| Year | Population | |
|---|---|---|
| 1870 | 1,349 | |
| 1880 | 4,277 | |
| 1890 | 9,253 | |
| 1900 | 12,354 | |
| 1910 | 16,560 | |
| 1920 | 18,951 | |
| 1930 | 23,758 | |
| 1940 | 27,268 | |
| 1950 | 30,386 | |
| 1960 | 31,943 | |
| 1970 | 32,806 | |
| 1980 | 32,426 | |
| 1990 | 37,060 | |
| 2000 | 38,426 | |
As of the censusGR2 of 2000, there were 38,426 people, 15,678 households, and 9,328 families residing in the city. The population density was 899.7/km² (2,330.7/mi²). There were 16,668 housing units at an average density of 390.3/km² (1,011.0/mi²). The racial makeup of the city was 85.91% White, 0.54% Black or African American, 0.59% Native American, 11.41% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 0.30% from other races, and 1.21% from two or more races. 1.04% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. The percentage of Asians reflects Wausau's large Hmong community.
There were 15,678 households out of which 27.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.7% were married couples living together, 9.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 40.5% were non-families. 33.6% of all households were made up of individuals and 14.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.37 and the average family size was 3.08.
In the city the population was spread out with 25.4% under the age of 18, 9.6% from 18 to 24, 27.5% from 25 to 44, 20.4% from 45 to 64, and 17.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females there were 92.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.3 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $36,831, and the median income for a family was $47,065. Males had a median income of $33,076 versus $24,303 for females. The per capita income for the city was $20,227. About 7.2% of families and 11.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.1% of those under age 18 and 8.4% of those age 65 or over.
[edit] Education
[edit] Colleges and universities
Wausau is home to the Northcentral Technical College, and the University of Wisconsin-Marathon County, a 2-year college which feeds the University of Wisconsin system. A major 4-year college is located in Stevens Point, about 30 miles south of Wausau.
[edit] Public schools and libraries
Public schools located in the city are part of the Wausau School District. The main dividing line used to place students is the Wisconsin River which runs north to south through the city. The Wausau School District has fourteen elementary schools, two middle schools, and two high schools. The Wausau East High School sports teams are the Lumberjacks and the Wausau West High School [2]sports teams are the Warriors.
The Marathon County Public Libraryis the largest library. The headquarters library is located in Wausau, downtown near the Wausau Center Mall at 300 North First Street. The Marathon County Public Library was formed when the County and City libraries merged in 1974. In addition to the Wausau library, 8 branch libraries are located in Athens, Edgar, Hatley, Marathon, Mosinee, Rothschild, Spencer, and Stratford.
The Marathon County Public Library is open seven days a week and serves a population of 126,031. Free Internet access is available, including wireless access at the Wausau headquarters.
[edit] Private schools
The city's Roman Catholic parochial schools are known as the Newman Catholic Schools. These include Newman Elementary Schools at St. Anne, St. Michael and St. Mark, Newman Middle School at St. Matthew's, and Newman High School. Newman High's sport teams are the Cardinals. The Newman Catholic Girls team has gone to the State Tournament 5 out of the last 6 years[citation needed].
[edit] Transportation
[edit] Airports
[edit] Mass transit
[edit] Sports
The Wisconsin Woodchucks are a baseball team that plays in the Northwoods League, an NCAA summer baseball league. Their home games are played at the Athletic Park in Wausau.
Granite Peak Ski Area offers downhill skiing in nearby Rib Mountain. The 700 foot mountain is the highest skiable mountain in the state and offers the second highest vertical drop in the Midwest. It first became a ski area in 1937, when Wausau residents cleared six runs by hand, installed the nation’s longest ski lift and built the chalet with stone quarried nearby. Today, Granite Peak has 73 runs. Granite Peak earned Ski Magazine’s #1 ranking in Wisconsin, Upper Michigan and Minnesota.
[edit] Media and entertainment
The only main local daily newspaper is the Wausau Daily Herald [3], with a daily circulation of 21,400 during the week and a circulation rate of 27,500 for the Sunday paper. City Pages is a smaller weekly newspaper. Le Dernier Cri is a monthly newspaper that reports on local business.
- See also: List of radio stations in Wausau and Central Wisconsin, List of television stations in Wausau-Rhinelander and area
[edit] Notable natives
- Dean Witter, U.S. businessman and founder of Dean Witter & Company investment house
- Michael Stackpole, science fiction author
- Elroy Hirsch, American football player
- Jim Otto, American football player
- Win Brockmeyer, American football coach
- Brad Soderberg, basketball coach
- Johnny Schmitz, baseball player
- Tony Kubek, baseball player and television broadcaster (lived in Wausau in the 1970s and early 1980s)
- John McCutcheon, folk music singer
- Warren Bernhardt, jazz, pop, and classical pianist
- Gloria Coates, musical composer
- Liberace, pianist/entertainer (lived/worked in Wausau in the 1950s)
- Ray Szmanda, radio and television personality/spokesperson
- Gail Ramsey, soap opera actor (General Hospital), Romper Room host (as Miss Gail)
- Marissa Mayer, Google Vice President
- Benjamin W. Heineman, Former CEO of Chicago and North Western Railway, Founder and CEO of Northwest Industries
- Tony Earl, former governor of Wisconsin (lived in Wausau in the early 1970s)
- Dave Obey, member of the United States House of Representatives, Chairman of the United States House Committee on Appropriations
- Rod Grams, former member of the United States House of Representatives and Senator for Minnesota (as a local news anchor in the late 1970s)
- Alexander Stewart, member of the United States House of Representatives and lumber baron
- Justin R. Johnson, member of the United States House of Representatives from California (1943 - 1957
- Chris Bangle, Chief of Design at BMW Auto Group (grew up in Wausau)
- Dave Marcis, Scott Wimmer and Chris Wimmer, NASCAR drivers
- Frank Cramer, Founder of Manzanita Hall (now The Harker School), San Jose, CA
- Mary Williams Walsh, New York Times business/financial reporter
- David Graebel, Founder of Graebel Companies, Inc.
- Adrian Tridel, actor
- Leann Slaby, actress, Survivor: Vanuatu contestant
- Virginia Welles, actress
- Thomas Moulton, sound recordist for Gone with the Wind (film), Our Town (film), and All About Eve
- Barbara K. MacDonald, musician, one-half of the duo Timbuk 3
- Dave Krieg, American football player
[edit] References
- Population in Metropolitan and Micropolitan Statistical Areas Ranked by 2000 Population for the United States and Puerto Rico: 1990 and 2000. U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved on September 19, 2006.
[edit] External links
- City of Wausau
- Marathon County Public Library
- Wausau Metropolitan Planning Organization (MPO) (pdf)
- Mount Sinai Congregation - Union for Reform Judaism
- The Ordeal of Immigration in Wausau, Roy Beck, The Atlantic Monthly, April, 1994
- Maps and aerial photos
- Street map from Google Maps, or Yahoo! Maps, or Windows Live Local
- Satellite image from Google Maps, Windows Live Local, WikiMapia
- Topographic map from TopoZone
- Aerial image or topographic map from TerraServer-USA
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| Surrounding municipalities (over 10,000) |
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| (less than 10,000) | |
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Brokaw‡ | Kronenwetter‡ | Maine* | Marathon* | Marathon City‡ | Mosinee° |
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| Marathon County | |
| *town ‡village °city §CDP |
