Wokingham
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Wokingham | |
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| Population | 30,403 (Parish, 2001) |
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| OS grid reference | |
| Parish | Wokingham |
| Unitary authority | Wokingham |
| Ceremonial county | Berkshire |
| Region | South East |
| Constituent country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | WOKINGHAM |
| Postcode district | RG40 |
| Dial code | 0118 |
| Police | Thames Valley |
| Fire | Royal Berkshire |
| Ambulance | South Central |
| UK Parliament | Wokingham |
| European Parliament | South East England |
| List of places: UK • England • Berkshire | |
Wokingham is a small market town and civil parish in Berkshire in the south east of England, close to Reading and Bracknell. It covers an area of 557 acres and, according to the 2001 census, has a population of 30,403. It is the seat of the Wokingham local government district.
It has been granted borough status, which came into force on March 9, 2007. As of this date, it has been able to elect a Mayor.[1]
Contents |
[edit] Geography
Wokingham is located on the Emm Brook in the Loddon Valley in central Berkshire situated less than 30 miles from London. It sits between Reading and Bracknell and was originally in a band of agricultural land on the western edge of Windsor Forest. Suburbs include Emmbrook, Matthewsgreen, Dowlesgreen, Woosehill, Limmerhill and Eastheath. Older names include Woodcray and Luckley Green.
The soil is a rich loam with a subsoil of sand and gravel.
Northern Wokingham, centred on Ashridge, was always officially a detached part of Wiltshire. This area extended well into the town centre (and the area currently where the Dowlesgreen, Norreys and BeanOak estates currently are situated) until transferred to Berkshire in 1844. The ancient parish was divided in 1894 into urban and rural civil parishes, Wokingham Without forming the latter.
Wokingham "proper" currently consists of the town centre, with main residential areas radiating in all directions. These include Woosehill to the west, Emmbrook to the northwest, Dowlesgreen, Norreys, Keephatch and Bean Oak to the east and to the south Wescott and Eastheath.
Much of Wokingham has been developed over the past 80 years. Woosehill and Dowlesgreen were built on farmland in the late 1960s and early 70s, along with Bean Oak. Keephatch was built in the early 90s. The Norreys Estate was built in the 1960s, however Norreys Avenue is the oldest residential road in that area, having been built in the late 1940s as emergency housing following WW2. Norreys Avenue is horseshoe in shape, which is placed on the same location as Norreys Manor (demolished for the building of Norreys Avenue). Much of the road contains 1940s-style prefabricated houses, although there are some brick houses along with three blocks of 1950s police houses.
[edit] History
Wokingham means 'Wocca's people's home'. Wocca was apparently a Saxon chieftain who also owned lands at Wokefield in Berkshire and Woking in Surrey. In Victorian times, it was known as Oakingham and the acorn with oak leaves is the town's symbol.
The courts of Windsor Forest were held at Wokingham and the town had the right to hold a market from 1219. It has remained a small market town all its life. From the 14th to the 16th centuries, it was well known for its bell foundry which supplied many churches across the south of England.
Wokingham was once famous for its bull-baiting. In 1661 George Staverton left a bequest in his will giving two bulls to be tethered in the Market Place and baited by dogs on St Thomas' Day (21 December) each year. The bulls were paraded around the town a day or two before the event and then locked in the yard of the original Rose Inn which was situated on the site of the present-day Superdrug store. People travelled from miles around to see the dangerous spectacle. A number of dogs would be maimed or killed during the event and the bulls were eventually destroyed. The meat and leather were distributed amongst the poor people of the town. Some of the spectators also sustained fatal injuries. In 1794 on the morning after the bull-baiting Elizabeth North was found dead and covered with bruises. In 1808 55-year-old Martha May died after being hurt by fighters in the crowd. The cruel 'sport' was prohibited by the Corporation in 1821 but bulls were still provided at Christmas and the meat distributed to the poor. Bull-baiting was banned by Act of Parliament in 1833.
In 1723, the 'Black Act' was passed in Parliament to make it an offence to black one's face in order to commit criminal acts. It was named after an infamous band of ruffians, known as the 'Wokingham Blacks' who terrorised the local area.
[edit] Government
Wokingham was one of the boroughs left unreformed by the Municipal Corporations Act 1835, and was reformed subsequently in 1883. Wokingham merged with the Wokingham Rural District in 1974 under the Local Government Act 1972 to form the non-metropolitan district of Wokingham, which has been a unitary authority since 1998. It consists of 54 elected councillors and is presided over by one councillor who is elected annually to be the Chairman of the Council. The District Council Offices are based at Shute End in the town of Wokingham.
A successor parish continued in existence in Wokingham and is governed by Wokingham Town Council. The council is elected every four years and consists of twenty-five councillors representing Emmbrook, Evendons, Norreys and Wescott, the four wards of the town. Every year, they elect one of their number as Mayor. The present town hall was erected in 1860 on the site of the guildhall.
The Wokingham constituency's MP is the Conservative John Redwood and he has represented the town since 1987.
[edit] Transport
Train services to Reading, London Waterloo and Gatwick Airport run from Wokingham railway station.
Most local bus services are provided by First Group but the Sunday and Bank Holiday services from Wokingham to Reading are operated by Courtney Coaches.
[edit] Institutions
[edit] Charities
- The Lucas Hospital, almshouses founded in 1663 for sixteen elderly men from the surrounding parishes.
- The Guide Dogs for the Blind Association have a training centre in Wokingham.
[edit] Churches
- All Saints' Church (CofE), transformed from a chapel-of-ease of Sonning in 1190
- Corpus Christi Catholic Church
- St. Paul's Church (CofE), built by John Walter III in 1864
- Wokingham Baptist Church
- Wokingham Methodist Church
[edit] Manors
- Evendon's Manor
- Ashridge Manor (now in St Nicholas Hurst)
- Beche's Manor (burnt down 1953)
- Buckhurst Manor (now St. Anne's Manor)
- Norreys' Manor
[edit] Schools
[edit] Secondary schools
Wokingham is served by four state secondary schools. The Emmbrook School and St Crispin's School are mixed-sex comprehensive schools, both of which have specialist status as Maths and Computing Colleges. The Holt School, founded in 1931 in the Dower House of Beche's Manor, is a girls' school and is a specialist Language College. The Forest School is a boys' school and is a specialist Business and Enterprise College. It is located in Winnersh but it shares the same catchment area as the Holt and the majority of the pupils are from Wokingham. A small number of Wokingham pupils gain places at Reading School and Kendrick School, the two single-sex grammar schools in Reading.
[edit] Private schools
- Luckley-Oakfield School, founded at Luckley House
- Ludgrove School, moved to Wixenford House in 1937
- Bearwood College, located between Wokingham and Winersh but is known for being a Royal Merchant Navy School in Wokingham
[edit] Primary schools
- Wescott Infant School
- Westende Junior School
- St Pauls C of E Junior school
- Emmbrook Junior School
[edit] Literature
In the 18th century, the ballad of Fair Molly Mogg was written in Wokingham. Molly was the barmaid daughter of the publican of the old Rose Inn (not on the site of the present one). She was well known to local Binfield man, Alexander Pope, who, during a storm, found himself stranded at the inn with his friends, Gay, Swift and Arbuthnot. They wrote the ballad extolling her virtues to pass the time.
The character of Tom the chimney sweep in Charles Kingsley's classic childhood story The Water Babies was based on the life and times of a Wokingham boy called James Seaward, who was a boy sweep in Victorian times. In his later years Seaward swept the chimneys at Charles Kingsley's home at the Rectory in Eversley, Hampshire. Seaward was elected Alderman of Wokingham from 1909 until his death in 1921. He had 12 children and many of his descendants still live locally. The Water Babies are the subject of Wokingham's first public sculpture, installed in 1999, which graces the upper level entrance to Wokingham Library.
[edit] Film
The 1971 film Blind Terror, starring Mia Farrow and directed by Brian Clemens, was filmed largely in Wokingham. The train station can clearly be seen, as can the town centre and the interior of the Old Rose Pub.
[edit] Notable people
- Luke Bedford, composer
- Sir Richard Browne, 1st Baronet of London
- Tom Burrows, cricketer
- The Cooper Temple Clause, post-hardcore punk band
- Jenny Daykin, a Wokingham schoolgirl, played the part of Lily Brown in the film Nanny McPhee
- Claude Duval, highwayman who owned a house in the town
- Dick Francis, Writer
- Thomas Godwin, Bishop of Bath and Wells who was born and died in Wokingham
- Nicholas Hoult, actor
- Stephen Hughes, footballer was born in Wokingham
- Graham Knight, off road rally champion
- Steven Lewington, professional wrestler known as "The British Babe"
- Frederick Lucas, founder of The Tablet
- Henry Lucas, founder of the Lucasian Professorship of Mathematics at Cambridge University
- Sir Henry Marten, Judge of the Admiralty Court
- John Dawson Read, singer-songwriter
- Anne Snelgrove, MP
- William Talman, architect and landscape designer
- John Walter III, local benefactor and proprietor of The Times Newspaper
- Will Young, singer
[edit] Sport and leisure
- There are public parks at Barkham Road Recreation Ground, Langborough Recreation Ground, Cantley Park, Chestnut Park, Elizabeth Road Recreation Ground, Elms Field, Riverside Walk and Waverley Park.
- The Council provide a number of leisure facilities such as the Carnival Pool, St. Crispin's Sports Centre and the Pinewood Leisure Centre. Pinewood is the base for over 20 clubs and associations. There is a King George V Playing Field behind St. Crispin's in memory of King George V.
- The local football team is Wokingham and Emmbrook F.C.
- Wokingham Library is in Denmark Street.
- Wokingham Cricket Club (founded 1825) play at their ground on Wellington Road.
[edit] Twin towns
Wokingham is twinned with:
— the city of Erftstadt in Germany
— Viry-Châtillon in France
[edit] Further reading
- Goatley, K. Wokingham: The Town of my Life. Reading: Conservatree Print and Design, 2004. ISBN 0-9534735-9-7.
- The Wokingham Society. Wokingham: A Chronology, 1978.
- Wyatt, B. Wokingham in Old Photographs. Stroud, Gloucestershire: Budding Books, 1999. ISBN 1-84015-128-5.
[edit] External links
- Wokingham Borough Council
- Wokingham Borough Council
- Welcome to Wokingham
- The Wokingham Society
- The Wokingham Times
- Royal Berkshire History: Wokingham
- Wokingham Theatre
- Wokingham Scouts
Template:Wokingham Borough
