华沙战役 (1920)

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华沙战役

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日期：	1920年 8月13日 - 8月25日
地点：	near 波兰华沙
結果：	波兰取得决定性胜利
起因：	{{{casus}}}
領土變更：	{{{territory}}}

參戰方

波兰第二共和国

苏俄

指揮官

约瑟夫·毕苏斯基
Tadeusz Rozwadowski
Władysław Sikorski

Leon Trotsky
Mikhail Tukhachevski
Semyon Budyonny

兵力

113,000-123,000^[1]

104,000-140,000^[1]

傷亡

4,500人死亡
22,000人受伤
10,000人失踪^[1]

15,000 - 25,000人死亡、受伤或失踪
65,000 - 66,000人被俘
30,000-35,000人被扣留在东普鲁士^[1]^[2]

华沙战役（有时称为维斯瓦河的奇迹，波兰语: Cud nad Wisłą）是波苏战争中的决定性战役，这场战争开始于1918年第一次世界大战结束后不久。持续到1921年里加条约签订。

华沙战役的战斗从1920年 8月13日到8月25日，Mikhail Tukhachevski指挥的红军逼近波兰首都华沙

[编辑] 战役

Polish defences at Miłosna, near Warsaw.

[编辑] 战役计划

[编辑] 波兰计划

波兰元首约瑟夫·毕苏斯基

Soviet commander: Mikhail Tukhachevski.

[编辑] 布尔什维克的计划

[编辑] 第一阶段，8月12日

[编辑] 第二阶段，8月14日

Second phase of the battle: Polish counterattack.

Heavy fighting for Radzymin, 13:00 hours, August 15.

[编辑] 第三阶段，8月16日

[编辑] 结果

Polish soldiers displaying captured Soviet battle standards.

[编辑] Orders of battle

[编辑] 波兰

Graves of Polish soldiers fallen at the Battle of Warsaw, Powązki Cemetery, Warsaw.

3 Fronts (Northern, Central, Southern), 7 Armies, a total of 32 divisions: 46,000 infantry; 2,000 cavalry; 730 machine guns; 192 artillery batteries; and several units of (mostly FT-17) tanks.

波兰军队
Northern Front Haller	Central Front Rydz-Śmigły	Southern Front Iwaszkiewicz
5th Army Sikorski	4th Army Skierski	6th Army Jędrzejewski
1st Army Latinik	3rd Army Zieliński	Ukrainian Army Petlura
2nd Army Roja

Fronts:

Northern Front: 250 km.,从东普鲁士，沿着维斯瓦河, to Modlin:
- 5th Army
- 1st Army - Warsaw
- 2nd Army - Warsaw
Central Front:
- 4th Army - between Dęblin and Kock
- 3rd Army - between south of Kock and Brody
Southern Front - between Brody and the Dniestr River

[编辑] 苏俄

红军
North-Western Front Tukhachevskiy
4th Army Shuvayev
3rd Cavalry Corps Gay
15th Army Kork
3rd Army Lazarievich
16th Army Sollohub
Cavalry Army Budyonny

[编辑] 参见

华沙战役 (1939)
Blue Army

[编辑] 注释参考

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 （波兰文）Janusz Szczepański, KONTROWERSJE WOKÓŁ BITWY WARSZAWSKIEJ 1920 ROKU (Controversies surrounding the Battle of Warsaw in 1920). Mówią Wieki, online version.
↑ Soviet casualties refer to all the Warsaw-related operations, from the fighting on the approaches to Warsaw, through the counteroffensive, to the battles of Białystok and Osowiec, while the estimate of Bolshevik strength may be only for the units that were close to Warsaw, not counting the units held in reserve that took part in the later battles.

[编辑] 延伸阅读

Edgar Vincent D'Abernon, The Eighteenth Decisive Battle of the World: Warsaw, 1920, Hyperion Press, 1977, ISBN 0-88355-429-1.
Norman Davies, White Eagle, Red Star: the Polish-Soviet War, 1919-20, Pimlico, 2003, ISBN 0-7126-0694-7.
J.F.C. Fuller, The Decisive Battles of the Western World, Hunter Publishing, ISBN 0-586-08036-8.
Jeremy Keenan, The Pole: the Heroic Life of Jozef Pilsudski, Gerald Duckworth & Co. Ltd, 2004, ISBN 0-7156-3210-8.
Richard M. Watt, Bitter Glory: Poland and Its Fate, 1918-1939, Hippocrene Books, 1998, ISBN 0-7818-0673-9.
M. Tarczyński, Cud nad Wisłą, Warszawa, 1990.
Józef Piłsudski, Pisma zbiorowe, Warszawa, 1937, reprinted by Krajowa Agencja Wydawnicza, 1991, ISBN 83-03-03059-0.
Mikhail Tukhachevski, Lectures at Military Academy in Moscow, February 7-10, 1923, reprinted in Pochód za Wisłę (March across the Vistula), Łódź, 1989.

[编辑] 外部链接

您可以在维基语录中查看或添加與此条目相关的摘錄：

华沙战役 (1920)

3 scans Polish maps
（波兰文） "Bolszewik złamany Gazeta Wyborcza article about breaking of Soviet ciphers.

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页面分类: 1920年 | 波苏战争 | 波蘭歷史