1259
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Years: 1256 1257 1258 - 1259 - 1260 1261 1262 |
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| Decades: 1220s 1230s 1240s - 1250s - 1260s 1270s 1280s |
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| Centuries: 12th century - 13th century - 14th century |
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| 1259 by topic | |
| Politics | |
| State leaders - Sovereign states | |
| Birth and death categories | |
| Births - Deaths | |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories | |
| Establishments - Disestablishments | |
| Gregorian calendar | 1259 MCCLIX |
| Ab urbe condita | 2012 |
| Armenian calendar | 708 ԹՎ ՉԸ |
| Bahá'í calendar | -585 – -584 |
| Buddhist calendar | 1803 |
| Chinese calendar | 3895/3955-12-6 (戊午年十二月初六日) — to —
3896/3956-intercalary 11-16(己未年閏十一月十六日) |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1251 – 1252 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5019 – 5020 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1314 – 1315 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1181 – 1182 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4360 – 4361 |
| Holocene calendar | 11259 |
| Iranian calendar | 637 – 638 |
| Islamic calendar | 656 – 658 |
| Japanese calendar | |
| - Imperial Year | Kōki 1919 (皇紀1919年) |
| - Jōmon Era | 11259 |
| Julian calendar | 1304 |
| Korean calendar | 3592 |
| Thai solar calendar | 1802 |
Contents |
[edit] Events
[edit] Europe
- The Oxford Parliament, led by Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester, leads to the acceptance by King Henry III of England of the Provisions of Oxford.
- September - The Empire of Nicaea defeats the Principality of Achaea at the Battle of Pelagonia, ensuring the eventual reconquest of Constantinople in 1261.
- December 4 - Kings Louis IX of France and Henry III of England agree to the Treaty of Paris, in which Henry renounces his claims to French-controlled territory on continental Europe (including Normandy) in exchange for Louis withdrawing his support for English rebels.
- The famous frescoes of the Boyana Church in Bulgaria are completed (the church and its murals are now a UNESCO World Heritage Site).
- The German cities of Lübeck, Wismar, and Rostock enter into a pact to defend against pirates of the Baltic Sea, laying the groundwork for the Hanseatic League.
- Nogai Khan leads the second Mongol Golden Horde attack against Lithuania and Poland.
[edit] Asia
- Lannathai, a kingdom in the north of Thailand, is founded by King Mengrai.
- The Goryeo kingdom in Korea surrenders to invading Mongol forces.
- The Chinese era Kaiqing begins and ends in the Northern Song Dynasty of China.
- The Japanese Shoka era ends, and the Shogen era begins.
[edit] Births
- Pietro Cavallini, Italian painter (died 1330)
- Demetre II of Georgia (died 1289)
- John II of Jerusalem (died 1285)
- Richard Og de Burgh, 2nd Earl of Ulster (died 1326)
[edit] Deaths
- May 29 - King Christopher I of Denmark (born 1219)
- October 7 - Ezzelino da Romano III, Italian ruler
- November 18 - Adam Marsh, English scholar and theologian
- Gojong of Goryeo
- Möngke Khan of the Mongol Empire
- Matthew Paris, French chronicler
- Thomas II of Savoy
