1st Canadian Parliament

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The 1st Canadian Parliament was in session from November 6, 1867 until July 8, 1872. The membership was set by the 1867 federal election from August 7 to September 20, 1867, and it changed only somewhat due to resignations and by-elections until it was prorogued prior to the 1872 election.

It was controlled by a majority coalition between the Conservative Party and the Liberal-Conservative Party under Prime Minister Sir John A. Macdonald and the 1st Canadian Ministry. The Official Opposition was the Liberal Party, led by Edward Blake from 1869 to 1871, followed by a vacancy in the Liberal leadership.

The Speaker was James Cockburn. See also List of Canadian electoral districts 1867-1871 for a list of the ridings in this parliament.

There were 5 sessions of the 1st Parliament:

Session	Start	End
1st	November 6, 1867	May 22, 1868
2nd	April 15, 1869	June 22, 1869
3rd	February 15, 1870	May 12, 1870
4th	February 15, 1871	April 14, 1871
5th	April 11, 1872	June 14, 1872

Contents 1 Members of Parliament 1.1 Nova Scotia 1.2 New Brunswick 1.3 Quebec 1.4 Ontario 1.5 Manitoba 1.6 British Columbia 2 References 3 Succession

[edit] Members of Parliament

Following is a full list of members of the first parliament by province. Cabinet members are bolded.

Electoral districts denoted by an asterisk (*) indicates that district was represented by two members.

[edit] Nova Scotia

Electoral district			Name	Party
Annapolis			William Hallett Ray	Anti-Confederate then Liberal1
Antigonish			Hugh McDonald	Anti-Confederate then Liberal-Conservative1
Cape Breton			James Charles McKeagney	Anti-Confederate then Liberal-Conservative1
Colchester			Archibald McLelan to June 21, 1869 (appointed to Senate)	Anti-Confederate then Liberal-Conservative1
			Adams George Archibald from September 9, 1869 to May 19, 1870 (named Lieutenant-Governor of Manitoba and the Northwest Territories)	Liberal-Conservative
			Frederick M. Pearson from November 8, 1870	Liberal
Cumberland			Charles Tupper	Conservative
Digby			Alfred William Savary	Anti-Confederate then Conservative1
Guysborough			Stewart Campbell	Anti-Confederate then Liberal-Conservative1
Halifax*			Alfred Gilpin Jones	Anti-Confederate then Independent
			Patrick Power	Anti-Confederate then Liberal1
Hants			Joseph Howe	Anti-Confederate then Liberal-Conservative1
Inverness			Hugh Cameron	Anti-Confederate then Liberal-Conservative1
Kings			William Henry Chipman to April 9, 1870 (death)	Anti-Confederate then Liberal1
			Leverett de Veber Chipman from June 23, 1870	Liberal
Lunenberg			Edmund Mortimer McDonald	Anti-Confederate then Liberal-Conservative1
Pictou			James William Carmichael	Anti-Confederate then Liberal1
Queens			James Fraser Forbes	Anti-Confederate then Liberal1
Richmond			William Croke to March 11, 1869 (death)	Anti-Confederate then Conservative1
			Isaac Le Vesconte from April 20, 1869	Conservative1
Shelburne			Thomas Coffin	Anti-Confederate then Liberal-Conservative1
Victoria			William Ross	Anti-Confederate then Liberal1
Yarmouth			Thomas Killam to December 15, 1868 (death)	Anti-Confederate
			Frank Killam from April 20, 1869	Liberal

Note:

¹ - The Anti-Confederate Party dissolved after failing to secure Nova Scotia's secession from Confederation. In 1869 its members joined other parties, or in one case sat as an independent.

[edit] New Brunswick

Electoral district		Name	Party
Albert		John Wallace	Liberal
Carleton		Charles Connell	Liberal
Charlotte		John Bolton	Liberal
City and County of Saint John		John Hamilton Gray	Conservative
City of Saint John		Samuel Leonard Tilley	Liberal-Conservative
Gloucester		Timothy Warren Anglin	Liberal
Kent		Auguste Renaud	Liberal
King's		George Ryan	Liberal
Northumberland		John Mercer Johnson to September 8, 1868 (death)	Liberal
		Richard Hutchison from December 24, 1868	Liberal
Queen's		John Ferris	Liberal
Restigouche		John McMillan to February 15, 1868 (appointed Inspector of Post Offices)	Liberal
		William Murray Caldwell from March 13, 1868 to September 29, 1870 (death)	Liberal
		George Moffat from November 29, 1870	Conservative
Sunbury		Charles Burpee	Liberal
Victoria		John Costigan	Liberal-Conservative
Westmorland		Albert James Smith	Liberal
York		Charles Fisher to October 3, 1868 (appointed to the Supreme Court of New Brunswick)	Liberal
		John Pickard from October 28, 1868	Independent Liberal

[edit] Quebec

Electoral district		Name	Party
Argenteuil		John Abbott	Liberal-Conservative
Bagot		Pierre-Samuel Gendron	Conservative
Beauce		Christian Pozer	Liberal
Beauharnois		Michael Cayley	Conservative
Bellechasse		Louis Napoléon Casault to May 26, 1870 (appointed to Superior Court of Quebec)	Conservative
		Télesphore Fournier from August 15, 1870	Liberal
Berthier		Anselme Pâquet	Liberal
Bonaventure		Théodore Robitaille	Conservative
Brome		Christopher Dunkin4 to October 24, 1871 (appointed to Superior Court of Quebec)	Conservative
		Edward Carter from November 17, 1871	Conservative
Chambly		Pierre Benoit	Conservative
Champlain		John Jones Ross	Conservative
Charlevoix		Simon Xavier Cimon	Conservative
Châteauguay		Luther Holton	Liberal
Chicoutimi—Saguenay		Pierre Alexis Tremblay	Liberal
Compton		John Henry Pope5	Liberal-Conservative
Dorchester		Hector-Louis Langevin	Conservative
Drummond—Arthabaska		Louis Adélard Sénécal	Conservative
Gaspé		Pierre Fortin	Conservative
Hochelaga		Antoine Dorion	Liberal
Huntingdon		John Rose2 to September 30, 1869 (appointed to Senate)	Liberal-Conservative
		Julius Scriver from October 30, 1869	Liberal
Iberville		François Béchard	Liberal
Jacques Cartier		Guillaume Gaucher	Conservative
Joliette		François Benjamin Godin	Liberal
Kamouraska		no election in 1867 due to rioting
		Charles Pelletier from February 17, 1869	Liberal
Laprairie		Alfred Pinsonneault	Conservative
L'Assomption		Louis Archambeault	Liberal-Conservative
Laval		Joseph Bellerose	Conservative
Lévis		Joseph Blanchet	Liberal-Conservative
L'Islet		Barthélemy Pouliot3	Conservative
Lotbinière		Henri Joly De Lotbinière	Liberal
Maskinongé		George Caron	Conservative
Mégantic		George Irvine	Conservative
Missisquoi		Brown Chamberlin to June 6, 1870 (resigned to become Queen's Printer)	Conservative
		George Baker from July 5, 1870	Liberal-Conservative
Montcalm		Joseph Dufresne to July 13, 1871 (resigned)	Conservative
		Firmin Dugas from September 15, 1871	Conservative
Montmagny		Joseph-Octave Beaubien	Conservative
Montmorency		Joseph Cauchon to November 1, 1867	Conservative
		Jean Langlois from December 11, 1867	Conservative
Montreal Centre		Thomas Workman	Liberal
Montreal East		George-Étienne Cartier	Liberal-Conservative
Montreal West		Thomas D'Arcy McGee to April 7, 1868 (assassinated)	Liberal-Conservative
		Michael Patrick Ryan from April 20, 1868	Liberal-Conservative
Napierville		Sixte Coupal dit la Reine	Liberal
Nicolet		Joseph Gaudet	Conservative
Ottawa (County of)		Alonzo Wright	Liberal-Conservative
Pontiac		Edmund Heath	Conservative
Portneuf		Jean Brousseau	Conservative
Quebec-Centre		Georges-Honoré Simard	Conservative
Quebec County		Pierre-Joseph-Olivier Chauveau	Conservative
Quebec East		Pierre Huot to June 14, 1870 (resigned to become Postmaster of Quebec)	Liberal
		Adolphe Guillet dit Tourangeau from July 18, 1870	Conservative
Quebec West		Thomas McGreevy	Liberal-Conservative
Richelieu		Thomas McCarthy to September 23, 1870 (death)	Conservative
		Georges Isidore Barthe from November 18, 1870	Independent Conservative
Richmond—Wolfe		William Hoste Webb	Conservative
Rimouski		George Sylvain	Conservative
Rouville		Guillaume Cheval dit St-Jacques	Liberal
Saint Maurice		Louis Léon Lesieur Desaulniers to September 29, 1868 (resigned)	Conservative
		Élie Lacerte from October 30, 1868	Conservative
Shefford		Lucius Huntington	Liberal
Sherbrooke (Town of)		Alexander Galt	Liberal-Conservative
Soulanges		Luc Masson	Conservative
St. Hyacinthe		Alexandre Kierzkowski to August 4, 1870 (death)	Liberal
		Louis Delorme from September 1, 1870	Liberal
St. John's		François Bourassa	Liberal
Stanstead		Charles Colby	Liberal-Conservative
Témiscouata		Charles Bertrand	Conservative
Terrebonne		Louis Masson	Conservative
Three Rivers		Louis Boucher De Niverville to September 30, 1868 (resigned)	Conservative
		William McDougall from October 17, 1868	Conservative
Two Mountains		Jean-Baptiste Daoust	Conservative
Vaudreuil		Donald McMillan	Conservative
Verchères		Félix Geoffrion	Liberal
Yamaska		Moïse Fortier	Liberal

Four Quebec members recontested their seats in byelections, and were re-elected:

² - John Rose was reelected in Huntingdon on November 28, 1867, after being named Minister of Finance.

³ - Barthélemy Pouliot was unseated on petition, but was reelected in L'Islet on July 14, 1869.

⁴ - Christopher Dunkin was reelected in Brome on November 29, 1869, after being named Minister of Agriculture.

⁵ - John Henry Pope was reelected in Compton on November 11, 1871, after being named Minister of Agriculture following Dunkin's resignation from Parliament.

[edit] Ontario

Electoral district		Name	Party
Addington		James N. Lapum	Conservative
Algoma		Wemyss Mackenzie Simpson to April 26, 1871 (appointed Indian Commissioner for Rupert's Land)	Conservative
		Frederick William Cumberland from June 30, 1871	Conservative
Bothwell		David Mills	Liberal
Brant North		John Young Bown	Liberal-Conservative
Brant South		Edmund Burke Wood	Liberal
Brockville		James Crawford	Conservative
Bruce North		Alexander Sproat	Conservative
Bruce South		Francis Hurdon	Conservative
Cardwell		Thomas Roberts Ferguson	Conservative
Carleton		John Holmes	Liberal-Conservative
Cornwall		John Sandfield Macdonald	Liberal
Dundas		John Sylvester Ross	Liberal-Conservative
Durham East		Francis H. Burton	Conservative
Durham West		Edward Blake	Liberal
Elgin East		Thomas William Dobbie	Conservative
Elgin West		John H. Munroe	Conservative
Essex		John O'Connor	Conservative
Frontenac		Thomas Kirkpatrick to March 26, 1870 (death)	Conservative
		George Airey Kirkpatrick from April 27, 1870	Conservative
Glengarry		Donald Alexander Macdonald	Liberal
Grenville South		Walter Shanly	Conservative
Grey North		George Snider	Liberal
Grey South		George Jackson	Conservative
Haldimand		David Thompson	Liberal
Halton		John White	Liberal
Hamilton		Charles Magill	Liberal
Hastings East		Robert Read to February 24, 1871 (appointed to Senate)	Conservative
		John White from March 20, 1871	Conservative
Hastings North		Mackenzie Bowell	Conservative
Hastings West		James Brown	Conservative
Huron North		Joseph Whitehead	Liberal
Huron South		Malcolm Colin Cameron	Liberal
Kent		Rufus Stephenson	Conservative
Kingston		The Right Honourable Sir John A. Macdonald, Prime Minister of Canada	Liberal-Conservative
Lambton		Alexander Mackenzie	Liberal
Lanark North		William C.B. McDougall	Liberal-Conservative
Lanark South		Alexander Morris6	Conservative
Leeds North and Grenville North		Francis Jones	Conservative
Leeds South		John Willoughby Crawford	Conservative
Lennox		Richard John Cartwright	Conservative
Lincoln		James Rea Benson to March 14, 1868 (appointed to the Senate)	Liberal-Conservative
		Thomas Rodman Merritt from April 13, 1868	Liberal
London		John Carling	Liberal-Conservative
Middlesex East		Crowell Willson	Liberal-Conservative
Middlesex North		Thomas Scatcherd	Liberal
Middlesex West		Angus Peter McDonald	Conservative
Monck		Lachlin McCallum	Liberal-Conservative
Niagara		Angus Morrison	Conservative
Norfolk North		Aquila Walsh	Conservative
Norfolk South		Peter Lawson	Liberal
Northumberland East		Joseph Keeler	Liberal-Conservative
Northumberland West		James Cockburn	Conservative
Ontario North		John Hall Thompson	Liberal
Ontario South		Thomas Nicholson Gibbs	Liberal-Conservative
City of Ottawa		Joseph Merrill Currier	Liberal-Conservative
Oxford North		Thomas Oliver	Liberal
Oxford South		Ebenezer Vining Bodwell	Liberal
Peel		John Hillyard Cameron	Conservative
Perth North		James Redford	Liberal
Perth South		Robert MacFarlane	Liberal
Peterborough East		Peregrine Maitland Grover	Conservative
Peterborough West		Charles Perry	Conservative
Prescott		Albert Hagar	Liberal
Prince Edward		Walter Ross	Liberal
Renfrew North		John Rankin to October 12, 1869 (resigned)	Conservative
		Francis Hincks from November 13, 1869	Liberal-Conservative
Renfrew South		Daniel McLachlin to June 3, 1869 (resigned)	Liberal
		John Lorn McDougall from July 12, 1869	Liberal
Russell		James Alexander Grant	Conservative
Simcoe North		Thomas David McConkey	Liberal
Simcoe South		William Carruthers Little	Liberal-Conservative
Stormont		Samuel Ault	Liberal-Conservative
Toronto East		James Beaty	Conservative
Victoria North		John Morison	Liberal
Victoria South		George Kempt	Liberal
Waterloo North		Isaac Erb Bowman	Liberal
Waterloo South		James Young	Liberal
Welland		Thomas Clark Street	Conservative
Wellington Centre		Thomas Sutherland Parker to October 24, 1868 (death)	Liberal
		James Ross from January 18, 1869	Liberal
Wellington North		George Alexander Drew	Liberal-Conservative
Wellington South		David Stirton	Liberal
Wentworth North		James McMonies	Liberal
Wentworth South		Joseph Rymal	Liberal
West Toronto		Robert Alexander Harrison	Conservative
York East		James Metcalfe	Liberal
York North		James Pearson Wells	Liberal
York West		William Pearce Howland to July 14, 1868 (appointed Lieutenant Governor of Ontario)	Liberal
		Amos Wright from August 14, 1868	Liberal

Note:

⁶ - One Ontario MP, Alexander Morris, recontested his seat in a byelection. He was reelected in Lanark South on November 29, 1869, after being appointed Minister of Inland Revenue.

[edit] Manitoba

Manitoba joined Confederation in 1870. Byelections to choose Manitoba's representatives were held on March 2 and March 3, 1871.

Electoral district		Name	Party
Lisgar		John Christian Schultz from March 2, 1871	Conservative
Marquette* (both candidates declared elected due to a tie)		James S. Lynch from March 2, 1871	Liberal
		Angus McKay from March 2, 1871	Conservative
Selkirk		Donald Alexander Smith from March 2, 1871	Independent Conservative
Provencher		Pierre Delorme from March 3, 1871	Conservative

[edit] British Columbia

British Columbia joined Confederation in 1871. Byelections to choose the province's representatives were held in November and December of that year.

Electoral district		Name	Party
Cariboo District		Joshua Spencer Thompson from December 19, 1871	Liberal-Conservative
New Westminster District		Hugh Nelson from December 13, 1871	Liberal-Conservative
Vancouver		Robert Wallace from December 15, 1871	Conservative
Victoria*		Amor De Cosmos from November 24, 1871	Liberal
		Henry Nathan, Jr. from November 24, 1871	Liberal
Yale District		Charles Frederick Houghton from December 19, 1871	Liberal

[edit] References

• Government of Canada. 1st Ministry. Guide to Canadian Ministries since Confederation. Privy Council Office. Retrieved on 2006-11-09.
• Government of Canada. 1st Parliament. Members of the House of Commons: 1867 to Date: By Parliament. Library of Parliament. Retrieved on 2006-11-30.
• Government of Canada. Duration of Sessions. Library of Parliament. Retrieved on 2006-05-12.
• Government of Canada. General Elections. Library of Parliament. Retrieved on 2006-05-12.
• Government of Canada. Key Dates for each Parliament. Library of Parliament. Retrieved on 2006-05-12.
• Government of Canada. Leaders of the Opposition in the House of Commons. Library of Parliament. Retrieved on 2006-05-12.
• Government of Canada. Prime Ministers of Canada. Library of Parliament. Retrieved on 2006-05-12.
• Government of Canada. Speakers. Library of Parliament. Retrieved on 2006-05-12.

[edit] Succession

Preceded by 8th Parliament of the Province of Canada	Canadian Parliaments 1867-1872	Succeeded by 2nd Canadian Parliament
Preceded by 22nd General Assembly of Nova Scotia
Preceded by 21st Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick

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