Conference of London (February 1920)
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- This article is about Conference of London. For other articles with similar names, see Conference of London (disambiguation).
Conference of London, 12 February-24 February 1920, was the conference that under the leadership of David Lloyd George, Alexandre Millerand, Francesco Saverio Nitti which they decided to move forward with the Partitioning of the Ottoman Empire and solidification of what will be named as Treaty of Sèvres. The agreements reached within this group during this conference will be the base arguments of the Sanremo conference.
The conference was performed in the London, the members were constantly informed about the Khilafat Movement. Most of the discussions were based on how to restrict the power of the Ottoman Sultan (also Caliph). How to keep him in Constantiople, not just literally but politically. What would be the effective size of the Sultans army, and how would the sharing of the straits established. The control of the ottoman Empire was the main point of discussions. The size of the Ottoman was important as it has to be big enough to control the security of the Caliphate, so that no one can claim a new caliphate, but not big enough for the change the course of the peace treaty in the future.
The allies military administration was established in Istanbul, but Ottoman government was not dismantled. The new Ottoman parliament met on 28 January 1920 and published their decisions of independence (Misak-ı Milli (National Oath)) on 12 February 1920. The Khilafat Movement try to influence the British government and protect the caliphate of the Ottoman empire and although mainly a Muslim religious movement, the Khilafat struggle became a part of the wider Indian independence movement. Conference of London decided to take actions, at least on Turkish national movement, and decided to shift from "de facto" occupation of the Istanbul to "de jure" occupation of Istanbul.
[edit] See also
| Concepts | Partitioning of the Ottoman Empire - Establishment of movement - Turkish revolutionaries - Turkish National Movement | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Issues | Chanak Crisis - Population Exchange - Persona non grata - Malta exiles - Outpost Societies - King-Crane Commission - Khilafat Movement | ||||
| Campaigns | British (Allies): İstanbul | ||||
| Revolts: Kuva-i Inzibatiye - Revolt of Ahmet Aznavur - Koçkiri Rebellion | |||||
| Franco : Maras - Antep - Urfa | |||||
| Greco : Smyrna (İzmir) - Aydın - 1st İnönü - 2nd İnönü - Sakarya - Dumlupinar | |||||
| Armenian : Oltu – Sarıkamış – Kars – Alexandropol | |||||
| Agreements | Timeline | ||||
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Allies: Conference of London - Ottoman Empire: Paris Peace Conference, 1919 - Sanremo conference - (Ottoman Parliament:) Misak-ı Milli - Treaty of Sèvres |
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| Turkish revolutionaries: Treaty of Alexandropol - Treaty of Moscow (1921) - Conference of London - Cilicia Peace Treaty - Treaty of Ankara (1921) - Treaty of Kars - Conference of London - Armistice of Mudanya - Conference of Lausanne - Treaty of Lausanne | |||||
