List of bones of the human skeleton
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
A typical adult human skeleton consists of the following 206 bones, though a small portion of the human population have an extra bone, occurring in the form of an extra rib, or an extra lumbar vetebrate. (Numbers in bold refer to the diagram at right.)
In the skull (22):
- Cranial bones:
- 1. frontal bone
- 2. parietal bone (2)
- 3. temporal bone (2)
- 4. occipital bone
- sphenoid bone
- ethmoid bone
- Facial bones:
- 5. zygomatic bone (2)
- 6. superior and inferior maxilla
- 9. nasal bone (2)
- 7. mandible
- palatine bone (2)
- lacrimal bone (2)
- vomer bone
- inferior nasal conchae (2)
In the middle ears (6):
In the throat (1):
In the shoulder girdle (4):
In the thorax (25):
In the vertebral column (26):
- 8. cervical vertebrae (7) incl. atlas & axis
- thoracic vertebrae (12)
- 14. lumbar vertebrae (5)
- 16. sacrum
- coccyx
In the arms (6):
In the hands (54):
- Wrist (carpal) bones:
- scaphoid bone (2)
- lunate bone (2)
- triquetrum bone (2)
- pisiform bone (2)
- Trapezium (bone) (2)
- trapezoid bone (2)
- capitate bone (2)
- hamate bone (2)
- Palm or metacarpal bones:
- metacarpal bones (5 × 2)
- Finger bones or phalanges:
- proximal phalanges (5 × 2)
- intermediate phalanges (4 × 2)
- distal phalanges (5 × 2)
sesamoid bones (2) In the pelvis (2):
- 15. pelvis (2)
In the legs (8):
- 18. femur (2)
- 17. hip joint (joint, not bone) (2)
- 22. greater trochanter of femur
- 23. condyles of femur
- 19. patella (2)
- 20. tibia (2)
- 21. fibula (2)
In the feet (52):
- Ankle (tarsal) bones:
- calcaneus (heel bone) (2)
- talus (2)
- navicular bone (2)
- medial cuneiform bone (2)
- intermediate cuneiform bone (2)
- lateral cuneiform bone (2)
- cuboidal bone (2)
- Instep bones:
- metatarsal bone (5 × 2)
- Toe bones:
- proximal phalanges (5 × 2)
- intermediate phalanges (4 × 2)
- distal phalanges (5 × 2)
sesamoid bones 4
The infant skeleton has the following bones in addition to those above:
- sacral vertebrae (4 or 5), which fuse in adults to form the sacrum
- coccygeal vertebrae (3 to 5), which fuse in adults to form the coccyx
- ilium, ischium and pubis, which fuse in adults to form the pelvic girdle
| Bones |
|---|
| VERTEBRAL COLUMN: vertebrae (cervical C1 C2 C7 - thoracic - lumbar) - sacrum - coccyx
cranial bones of SKULL: occipital - parietal - frontal - temporal - sphenoid - ethmoid facial bones of SKULL nasal - maxilla - lacrimal - zygomatic - palatine - inferior nasal conchae - vomer - mandible - hyoid (greater cornu, lesser cornu, body) UPPER EXTREMITY: clavicle - scapula - humerus - ulna - radius carpals (scaphoid - lunate bone - triquetral - pisiform - trapezium - trapezoid - capitate - hamate) - metacarpals - phalanges (prox - int - dist) LOWER EXTREMITY: pelvis (ilium, ischium, pubis) - femur - patella - fibula - tibia tarsals (calcaneus - talus - navicular - cuneiform - cuboid ) - metatarsals - phalanges (prox - int - dist) |
