Lupin III
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Lupin III | |
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ルパン三世 (Lupin the 3rd) |
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Genre | Action, Adventure, Comedy, Crime, Seinen, Thief |
Manga: Lupin III | |
Authored by | Kazuhiko Kato |
Publisher | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
Serialized in | Weekly Manga Action |
Original run | 10 August 1967 – 27 April 1972 |
No. of volumes | 14 |
Manga: Lupin III - World's Most Wanted | |
Authored by | Monkey Punch |
Publisher | ![]() ![]() ![]() |
Serialized in | Weekly Manga Action |
Original run | 23 June 1977 – 28 May 1981 |
No. of volumes | 17 |
TV anime : Lupin III | |
Directed by | Masaaki Osumi (Ep. 1-6,9,12) Hayao Miyazaki & Isao Takahata (Ep. 7,8,10,11,13-23) |
Studio | TMS |
Network | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
Original run | 24 October 1971 – 26 March 1972 |
No. of episodes | 23 |
TV anime : Shin Lupin III | |
Directed by | Hideo Nishimaki (Ep. 62, 91) Hideo Takayashiki (Ep. 141, 147) Ichinori Tanahashi & Kyosuke Mikuriya (Ep. 3-6, 10, 12) Noburo Ishiguro & Shigetsugu Yoshida (Ep. 112, 118, 135, 142, 152) Hayao Miyazaki (as Tsutomu Teruki) (Ep. 145, 155) Yagi Ishikura & Yasumi Mikamoto (Ep. 58, 75, 93) |
Studio | TMS |
Network | ![]() ![]() ![]() |
Original run | 3 October 1977 – 6 October 1980 |
No. of episodes | 155 |
TV anime : Lupin III Part III | |
Directed by | Yuzo Aoki |
Studio | TMS |
Network | ![]() ![]() |
Original run | 3 March 1984 – 28 September 1985 |
No. of episodes | 50 |
OVAs | |
Pilot Film |
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Movies | |
Strange Psychokinetic Strategy (Live Action) |
Lupin the 3rd (ルパン三世 Rupan Sansei?) is a manga and anime series created by Kazuhiko Kato in 1967. The series follows a gang of thieves, led by Arsène Lupin III, as they steal treasures and escape from the law.
The titular character is the grandson of Arsène Lupin, the gentleman thief of Maurice Leblanc's series of novels. He is joined by Daisuke Jigen, crack-shot and Lupin's closest ally; Fujiko Mine, the femme fatale; and Goemon Ishikawa XIII, a master swordsman. They're usually pursued by Inspector Zenigata, the rather cynical detective who has made it his life mission to catch Lupin.
As of March 2007, the Lupin franchise spans four manga series, three anime series, six feature films, two direct-to-video releases, seventeen television specials, forty soundtracks, twenty-eight video games, and a musical.
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[edit] Cast of characters
The names are in Western order, with the given name before the surname.
Arsène Lupin III (ルパン三世 Rupan sansei) is the grandson of Arsène Lupin. He is the world's most skillful and most wanted thief. Sometimes he just steals whatever he wants, and at other times he prefers to steal from disreputable people. Often in his adventures, he will take it upon himself and his gang to foil other criminals engaged in more serious crimes. He often appears incompetent, but it is mostly a disguise. While he has been arrested and thrown in jail on a number of occasions he has always managed to break out. He also has a fondness for fancy gadgets from time to time. His infatuation with Fujiko Mine is perhaps his biggest weakness, as it often lands him in unsavory situations.
Daisuke Jigen (次元大介 Jigen Daisuke) is Lupin's marksman. He can perform a 0.3-second quick-draw and his shooting has amazing accuracy. He prefers to conceal his eyes using his hat, as it gives him a more enigmatic appearance. He is also proficient in the use of many different firearms, such as machine guns, sniper rifles, and even a PTRS anti-tank rifle. His accuracy borders on the superhuman, never missing a key shot in the entirety of the series. In the Playstation 2 videogame, he assembles his pistol from composite parts during cleaning to firing a shot with 100% accuracy through a door before an enemy can finish turning the doorknob.
Goemon Ishikawa XIII (石川五ェ門 Ishikawa Goemon) is the thirteenth generation of renegade samurai, beginning with the real-life historical figure Ishikawa Goemon (石川五右衛門). He has a sword called Zantetsuken (斬鉄剣), meaning "iron-cutting sword", which can cut through anything. However, Zantetsuken is usually used to cut inanimate objects, which Goemon considers unworthy of his blade. Objects cut by Zantetsuken will fall apart a couple of seconds after he sweeps through them with his blade. He is usually quiet and participates in Lupin's exploits less frequently than Jigen.
Fujiko Mine (峰不二子 Mine Fujiko) is Lupin's love (or lust) interest. Despite her appearances, Fujiko is an extremely intelligent and crafty person and will use her feminine charms to get what she wants from any man. She is also an expert when it comes to firearms and even rivals Lupin when it comes to her burglary and disguise skills. She will also routinely make deals with Zenigata or Lupin's current enemy in an attempt to gain her freedom or to hopefully gain a piece of the loot he is after. While Lupin normally is able to outsmart Fujiko, she is able to make off with some or all of his loot on occasion.
Inspector Zenigata (銭形警部 Zenigata-keibu), full name Koichi Zenigata (銭形幸一 Zenigata Kōichi) has made it his mission in life to arrest Lupin. Zenigata is based on a famous Japanese crime fighting character named Zenigata Heiji, best known for throwing coins as a weapon. Zenigata's handcuff throwing technique is his own take on the character's choice of weapon. He would love to arrest the other members of Lupin's gang, but Zenigata is really after the mastermind himself. Lupin and Zenigata appear to be the worst of enemies, but they are, in a manner of speaking, friends; something Lupin shows openly (often by greeting Zenigata with mock affection), but it is an idea Zenigata is extremely reluctant to entertain. Similarly, he is often awed by Lupin's genius, but refuses to show it. While usually portrayed as a bumbling fool in most of the anime, Zenigata in the manga is a very clever and crafty adversary to Lupin.
[edit] Manga series
The original manga series was published by Futabasha on Weekly Manga Action from August 1967 to April 1972. Monkey Punch's main character was the grandson of Arsène Lupin, but Lupin III was far from being a gentleman like his grandfather. In this first manga series, Lupin is a lecherous sex maniac with an extreme lust for women that can never be satisfied; yet, he somehow remains a likeable character. This parody of the original Lupin character was inspired by MAD Magazine; in fact, the art style of the early manga has a very striking resemblance.
- Rupan Sansei - Lupin III (first series by Monkey Punch)
- Rupan Kozou (mini-series by Monkey Punch; see note below)
- Shin Rupan Sansei - Lupin III - World's Most Wanted (second series by Monkey Punch)
- Rupan Hassei - Lupin VIII (by Kon Oriharu)
- Rupan S - Lupin III S (by Takaguchi Satozumi and Shusay)
- Rupan Y - Lupin III Y (by Monkey Punch and Yamakami Manatsuki)
- Rupan M - Lupin III M (by Monkey Punch and Miyama Yukio)
Lupin Kozou (Brat Lupin) was a minor spinoff published in 1974 in a failed weekly manga called Shonen Action. In this version, Lupin and Fujiko eventually have a child. On the television show Hey! Spring of Trivia Monkey Punch admitted that he didn't even think of calling the child Lupin IV. The magazine folded quickly and Monkey Punch said he was happy to see it go.
The Italian publishing house Kappa Edizioni has produced ten comic books starring Lupin III by Italian artists and writers, Lupin III Millennium, including Massimiliano De Giovanni, Andrea Accardi, Andrea Baricordi, Gianmaria Liani, Riccardo Crosa, Massimo Semerano, Mauro Marchesi, Sara Colaone, Giuseppe Palumbo, and Guglielmo Signora. Japanese artist Shinichi Hiromoto also provided the artwork for the book entitled La maledizione degli Ishikawa. Before, in 1994, Kappa Boys and Monkey Punch has produced a story called Lupin III - Alis Plaudo and in 1999 the comic books Lupin III - Il violino degli Holmes.
[edit] Television series
Each Lupin series can be easily identified by the color of Lupin's jacket, which changes each series. The later movies and specials also use this color scheme, so it is possible to determine approximately where these specials fall in Lupin's career, though there are exceptions.
- Lupin III (Series 1) - 23 episodes (1971-1972) (Green jacket)
- Shin Lupin III (Series 2) - 155 episodes (1977-1980) (Red jacket)
- Lupin III Part III (Series 3) - 50 episodes (1984-1985) (Pink jacket)
Many stories in the anime were adapted from both the original and second manga series, although some had to be toned down for television, especially in Series 2, which was made with younger audiences in mind.
Episodes 4 through 23 of Series 1 were directed by Hayao Miyazaki and Isao Takahata (who both went on to form Studio Ghibli) (Episodes 4 through 12, edited a Osumi’s film).
Masaaki Osumi (a former director, from Lupin III The pilot film to the TV series first half) refused a demand to "want you to do it for younger audiences" from the TV station which suffered from a low audience rating and left it.
Therefore two people who were a sworn friend of Yasuo Otsuka (animation director, character designer) will be invited.
Series 2 was notable for the fact that a new episode aired every week in Japan for three years. It was also the first anime series to be broadcast in stereo (albeit intermittently), beginning with episode 99. This is also the Lupin III series run from time to time on Adult Swim on Cartoon Network. Two Shin Lupin III episodes (145 "Albatross: Wings of Death" and 155 "Farewell, Beloved Lupin") are also famous for being directed by Hayao Miyazaki; they were released in America by Streamline on VHS under the title Greatest Capers.
There was also a short-lived "Lupin in Space"-type series to be produced called Lupin VIII, featuring the descendants of Lupin, Goemon, Jigen and Zenigata in space. Meant to be a French-Japanese production along the lines of The Mysterious Cities of Gold, it folded when LeBlanc's estate refused to allow it based on the original Lupin copyright controversy. Production art can be found on the internet.
When the second anime series was brought to America on the Adult Swim programming block, episode 3, "Hitler's Legacy" (English: "To Be Or Nazi Be"), was not aired due to the joking manner in which Hitler and Nazism were treated (including a scene with Lupin dressing up as Hitler). The episode was also removed from the broadcast order on the US DVD release, and was not made available until Volume 5.
In the 2006 poll by TV Asashi, Lupin III came out at 39 on Japan's Favorite Anime.[1]
[edit] Episode list
[edit] Movies
- Strange Psychokinetic Strategy (1974, live action)
- Lupin vs. The Clone (aka The Mystery of Mamo) (1978)
- The Castle of Cagliostro (1979)
- The Legend of the Gold of Babylon (1985)
- Farewell to Nostradamus (1995)
- Dead or Alive (1996)
[edit] TV Specials and OVAs
The TV Specials are released in the late summer on NTV (Nippon Television) in Japan, usually at the end of July, and have been an annual tradition since 1989, these are full-length, 90 minute features. There have been 18 specials released as of September 2006.
- Lupin III: Bye-Bye Liberty Crisis (1989)
- Lupin III: Mystery of the Hemingway Papers (1990)
- Lupin III: Steal Napoleon's Dictionary! (1991)
- Lupin III: From Russia With Love (1992)
- Lupin III: Orders to Assassinate Lupin (1993) (aka Voyage to Danger by FUNimation)
- Lupin III: Burn, Zantetsuken! (1994) (aka Dragon of Doom by FUNimation)
- Lupin III: The Pursuit of Harimao's Treasure (1995)
- Lupin III: The Secret of Twilight Gemini (1996)
- Lupin III: In Memory of the Walther P-38 (1997) (aka Island of Assassins by FUNimation)
- Lupin III: Memories of the Flame: Tokyo Crisis (1998)
- Lupin III: Da Capo of Love: Fujiko's Unlucky Days (1999) (aka The Columbus Files by FUNimation)
- Lupin III: $1 Money Wars (2000) (aka Missed by a Dollar by FUNimation)
- Lupin III: Alcatraz Connection (2001)
- Lupin III: Episode 0: First Contact (2002)
- Lupin III: Operation: Return the Treasure (2003)
- Lupin III: Stolen Lupin (2004)
- Lupin III: Angel Tactics (2005)
- Lupin III: Seven Days Rhapsody (2006)
The first anime work about Lupin the 3rd is the Pilot Film (13 minutes, 1969); it is an OVA (Original Video Animation). There are also 2 OVAs: The Fuma Conspiracy (74 minutes, 1987) and Return of the Magician (50 minutes, 2002).
[edit] Video games
The anime has also spawned various games based on the show:
[edit] Super Cassette Vision
- Lupin III
[edit] MSX
[edit] Arcade
- Lupin III
- Cliff Hanger – Laserdisc video game (A series of movies clips that are played through input commands).
- Lupin the 3rd: The Shooting
- Lupin the 3rd: The Typing
[edit] Famicom
- Lupin III: Pandora no Isan – The title might be translated as Pandora's Legacy.
[edit] GameBoy
- SD Lupin III Kinko Yaburi Daisakusen
[edit] Super Famicom
- Lupin III: Densetsu No Hihou wo Oe! – The title might be translated as Pursue the Legendary Treasure!.
[edit] Sega Saturn
- Lupin the 3rd: The Master File
- Lupin the 3rd: Chronicles
- Lupin III: Sage of the Pyramid – A Tomb Raider styled Lupin game.
[edit] Gamecube
[edit] PlayStation
- Lupin III: Chateau de Cagliostro Saikai
- Lupin the 3rd
- HEIWA Parlor! PRO LUPIN the III Special
- PUNCH THE MONKEY! GAME EDITION
- PACHI-SLOT Simulator 7 maker suishou manual
- HEIWA Parlor! PRO Fujiko ni o.ma.ka.se Special
- Parlor! PRO Jr. Vol.2
- Pachinko & Pachislot Parlor! PRO EX CR.Inakappe Daishou A &
[edit] PSP
- Shuyaku wa Zenigata
[edit] PlayStation 2
- Lupin III: Treasure of the Sorcerer King – The only Lupin game released in America.
- Lupin III: Majutsu-Ou no Isan
- Slot! Pro Dx: Fujiko 2
- Lupin III: Columbus no Isan wa Akenisomaru
- Slotter Up Core 5 Lupin Daisuki! Shuyaku wa Zenigata
- Lupin III: Lupin niwa shi o, Zenigata niwa koi o – Due for release in Japan February 2007.
[edit] Recurring themes
Lupin and Zenigata share what could be best described as a symbiotic relationship in the series.
Often Lupin has an opportunity to kill Zenigata, which he always passes up. As an example, once Lupin nearly ran over Zenigata with a race car, but made it jump over him after Zenigata ducked down. Because of this generosity (and for another reason; see below), Zenigata refuses to kill Lupin. This seemingly gentlemen's agreement is amazingly acknowledged by both parties. Zenigata, like a good old-fashioned police officer, is interested in the capture, not the killing of Lupin. When Lupin tricked the world by getting "killed" in an episode, Zenigata was openly crying as he considered this a tragedy even for a criminal.
Zenigata cannot stand going without chasing Lupin for an extended period. For instance, Zenigata arrested Lupin in the fourth episode of the first TV series (which was based on the second chapter of the manga), and Zenigata nervously waited a year for Lupin to escape so the chase could continue. Lupin, deciding to toy with him, waited until he was to be led to the electric chair to escape. Zenigata often finds himself arresting more dangerous criminals, after Lupin and his gang thwart them. Logically, this would give Zenigata an impressive performance record, which would explain why he is still allowed to pursue Lupin despite his lack of success in capturing the thief.
In the various movies and OVAs, Zenigata will often join in full alliance with Lupin's gang against some menace deemed more dangerous, such as the Count in The Castle of Cagliostro or the terrorist group in Orders to Assassinate Lupin. After the day is won, Zenigata will show his gratitude by allowing the gang a few minutes head start before he begins chasing them again.
Another recurring theme is the appearance of descendants of famous historical and literary figures. For example, Lawrence of Arabia the Third, and Nezumi Kozō the Fourth.
Jigen seemed to be fated to lead a doomed love life. Almost all of the women he ever got involved with either do not love him, betrayed him, were killed, or were unable to have a workable relationship. This explains why Jigen seemed very much cynical on Lupin's many advances to women, especially with Fujiko.
Lupin and his cohorts are known to be able to drive and utilize any vehicle; cars, motorcycles, airplanes, and pretty much any other mode of transport. Of the many cars they drive, a few were consistently used; 1929 type 38/250 model SSK Mercedes-Benz, Mini Cooper, and Fiat 500. The latter, Fiat 500, were made popular by the series. A yellow Fiat features prominently in The Castle of Cagliostro and later in The Fuma Conspiracy OVA. Lupin's vehicles often end up destroyed, or severely damaged during his adventures. They also tend to have modifications, such as gadgets similar to what Lupin carries on himself. Lupin's cars and airplanes tend to be yellow or red, but other types of vehicles (jeeps, trucks, submarines, boats etc.) can come in any colour.
Fujiko reciprocates Lupin's love when he's in trouble or one is near death. Demonstrated in "Tutankhamen's 3,000 Year-Old Curse" (English title: "Cursed Case Scenario;" Series 2, episode 7) and a few others, Fujiko shows another side of her relationship with Lupin, not only business but also deep feeling of affection and care. At other times (though a rarity), Fujiko simply shows random affection and gets by with Lupin with not much trouble. Secondary female characters, sometimes called "Beta Girls", are different with every Lupin movie/TV special, similar to the revolving door of Bond girls in James Bond movies. The relationships of these characters vary with each film. Some have a brief relationship with Lupin but are denied by Lupin in rare displays of restraint, others have relationships with other characters and Lupin serves to help them resolve their collective problem, and in some cases, the woman simply doesn't give Lupin the time of day.
[edit] Legal issues
The name Lupin III caused a legal problem for the series. Monkey Punch did not seek permission to use the Lupin name from the estate of Maurice Leblanc. The estate agreed not to pursue any legal action, provided that the usage of the name remained within Japan. Therefore, when Lupin material was licensed for overseas usage, the name had to be changed. Streamline Pictures renamed Lupin "Wolf." Animeigo went with "Rupan III," which is how Lupin's name is actually pronounced in Japanese (in English it is usually pronounced LOO-pahn, not LOO-pin; the French pronunciation is luu-PEIHN).
In France, he was named "Edgard de la Cambriole" (though "de la Cambriole" is likely to be a nickname or a nom de guerre, literally meaning "of Burglary"). The Lupin name passed into the public domain in the early 1990s, but Nippon Television had continued to offer licensing for the Lupin TV specials first under the name "Cliff Hanger" (based on the laserdisc game of the same name, which used footage from Lupin Vs. the Clone and The Castle of Cagliostro), and later under the name "Chase Tracer."
[edit] Licensing and release information
The second series began distribution in United States in 2003 by Pioneer. Universal City, CA based phuuz entertainment inc. was hired to adapt and translate the series, which resulted in a very tongue-in-cheek English dub, which included modern popular culture references to update the series (such as eBay and Shaquille O'Neal) and "spicier", more comedic dialogue, which received ambivalent feedback from cult fans. The first 74 episodes have been translated, and enjoyed a series of DVD volumes (currently up to 15) and multiple runs of the first 26 episodes on Cartoon Network's Adult Swim.
Geneon Entertainment USA, Inc. (formerly Pioneer) has already obtained 52 more Lupin the 3rd: The Red Jacket Series episodes, bringing the count of US licensed episodes to 89. Geneon plans on releasing these episodes on DVD in the next few years. Geneon also released Secret of Mamo movie to DVD.
As of January 2007, Adult Swim announced they would be showing new episodes of Lupin the 3rd around the summertime.
WhiteLight Entertainment, a production company owned by Gerald R. Molen, purchased the live action theatrical rights to Lupin III in 2003. The screenplay is being developed by Darrin Fletcher, co founder of Independent Student Media. The movie is scheduled to be in production in fall of 2007 to be released in 2009.
FUNimation has the rights to eight of the made-for-TV movies, starting with 1993's Orders to Assassinate Lupin (Voyage to Danger) and going to 2000's $1 Money Wars (Missed by a Dollar), as well as the feature films Farewell to Nostradamus and Dead or Alive. As of March 2005, all of the planned films have been released in North America; two thinpack box sets with five movies each have been released:
First Haul
- Voyage to Danger
- Dragon of Doom
- The Pursuit of Harimao's Treasure
- The Secret of Twilight Gemini
- Dead or Alive
Early releases of First Haul erroneously contained the censored, dub-only version of The Secret of Twilight Gemini. Funimation corrected this in later releases and sent a corrected copy of the Twilight Gemini DVD to those who had purchased the faulty version.
Final Haul
- Farewell to Nostradamus
- Island of Assassins
- Crisis in Tokyo
- The Columbus Files
- Missed by a Dollar
Manga Entertainment still holds the rights to The Castle of Cagliostro for the USA which is released without the Lupin III heading but does now use the Lupin name in both the subtitles and dub (some earlier version referred to Lupin as "Wolf"). A special edition with artwork and interviews was released on August 29, 2006. The movie was previously also owned by Manga Entertainment in the UK, where it was released on VHS in 1996 along with Secret of Mamo and Goodbye Lady Liberty (the latter two being dubbed by the UK branch). Castle of Cagliostro was the only of these to get a DVD release. All three of the UK licences have now expired and Cagliostro has been re-released by Optimum Releasing, with the earlier dub.
Until 2006, Animeigo had the rights to the OVA The Fuma Conspiriacy and the movie The Legend of the Gold of Babylon, but both have since been bought by Discotek Media, along with Lupin III's sole live action entry, Strange Psychokinetic Strategy (released in February 2006). Due to legal reasons, Animeigo's releases were forced to be under the "Rupan III" moniker, even after the rights had cleared for other companies to use the proper Lupin name. When Discotek releases these films, it will be the first time they have been released in America under the original Lupin title.
The owners of the rights of the pre-1993 and post-2000 TV movies, as well as the first and third Lupin TV series, are currently unknown. There are many online rumours as to who might have what, but as of October 2006 there have been no official announcements by any company.
The manga is published in English by Tokyopop. The original set of stories that ran from 1967 to 1972 simply goes by Lupin III while the second set, which started in 1977, is known Lupin III - World's Most Wanted. Lupin the Third S and Lupin the Third Y, two series from the late 1990s, have not been released in United States, nor are there any announced plans to so.
[edit] References and homages
Lupin III contains numerous homages, mostly in the genre of mystery related charcters such as thieves and detectives. Lupin alludes to the adventures of his grandfather, Arsène Lupin, from time to time in the series. In addition, Lupin has often faced-off with parodies (via name changes) of many famous detectives, including Sherlock Holmes and Dr. Watson; Inspector Clouseau of Pink Panther fame; and Sam McCloud from his TV series of the same name. In addition, Sherlock Holmes author, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, makes an appearance via another name change in the series. Ian Flemmings titular character James Bond also makes an appearance via a name change.
In addition Lupin makes homages to various TV shows, including Columbo, The F.B.I., The Prisoner, and The Third Man. The movie The Castle of Cagliostro gets its title from the novel La Comtesse de Cagliostro (The Countess of Cagliostro) written by Maurice Leblanc.
[edit] Lupin in pop culture
[edit] Anime and manga
Due to the iconic status of Lupin III, many anime and manga utilize references to the iconic thief and his cohorts, either through subtle cameos or mentions related to Moneky Punch's work, or thru outright parodies mimicing certain elements of Lupin's image. Among some of them include Azumanga Daioh, Case Closed, Crayon Shin Chan, Cutie Honey, Excel Saga[2], FLCL[3], Fullmetal Alchemist[4], Getbackers, Gintama, Great Teacher Onizuka, Here is Greenwood[5] Honey and Clover, Keroro Gunso[6], Love Hina, Macross/Robotech[7], Midori Days [8], Otaku no Video, Paradise Kiss, Urusei Yatsura: Only You, Yakitate Japan and xxxHolic.
[edit] Music
Rapper Kanye West's single "Touch the Sky", Lupe Fiasco has a line that goes: "Yes, yes, yes guess who's on third? Lupe steal like Lupin the Third." This is a word play on baseball player 'stealing' a base much like Lupin was a thief.
[edit] References
- ^ http://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2006-10-13/japan's-favorite-tv-anime
- ^ Excel Saga Episodes 1 The Koshi Rikdo Assassination Plot" ("Rikudō Kōshi Satsugai Keigaku" (六道神士殺害計画)) and Episode 12 ("Big City Part II" "Daishigai Part II" (大市街Part II))
- ^ FLCL Episode #5 Brittle Bullet (ブラブレ Bura Bure?)]]
- ^ Fullmetal Alchemist TV series Episode #10, The Phantom Thief (Japanese: 「怪盗サイレーン」 - Kaitou Saire-n , Phantom Thief Psiren) originally aired 2003-12-06
- ^ Here is Greenwood, Episode 3
- ^ Keroro Gunso Episode 23
- ^ Macross/Robotech Episode 24 (titled "Good-Bye Girl" in Macross, "Showdown" in Robotech)
- ^ Midori Days Volume 4
[edit] External links
- Official sites
- Lupin the Third Network (Japanese) requires Macromedia Flash plugin
- Monkey Punch's website (Japanese) requires Macromedia Flash plugin
- VAP's Official Lupin the Third Site (Japanese)
- TMS's Official Lupin the Third Site (Japanese)
- Lupin III Manga (Tokyopop's official US Lupin site)
- LupinTheThird.com (Funimation's official US Lupin site)
- LupinOfficial.com (Geneon Entertainment's official US Lupin site)
- Fan site
Categories: Articles lacking sources from June 2006 | All articles lacking sources | Manga series | Anime series | Articles to be split | Lupin III | Shows on Adult Swim | Kaitō anime | Seinen | Tokyopop | Anime of the 1970s | Manga of the 1960s | Japanese television series | 1971 television program debuts