संयुक्त अधिराज्य
From Wikipedia
 |
 संयुक्त अधिराज्यको झण्डा |
|
ग्रेट ब्रिटेन र उत्तरी आयरल्याण्डको संयुक्त अधिराज्य (अङ्ग्रेजीमा - The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, छोटकरिमा UK), समान्यतया छोट्याएर संयुक्त अधिराज्य भनेको उत्तरपश्चिम युरोपको एक देश हो। यो देश चारवटा अलग देशहरू मिलेर बनेको देश हो। यी देशहरू हुन् - ग्रेट ब्रिटेन टापुका बेलायत, स्कटल्याण्ड, र वेल्स अनि आयरल्याण्ड टापुको उत्तरी आयरल्याण्ड।
विषयसूची |
[परिवर्तन्] जनसङ्ख्या
करिव ६ करोड जनसङ्ख्या यस देशमा बसोबास गर्दछन्। अङ्ग्रेजी सबैभन्दा बढी बोलिने भाषा हो, तर अन्य धेरै भाषाहरू पनि बोलिन्छ। यस देशमा अङ्ग्रेजी बाहेक अन्य धेरै मात्रीभाषाहरू छन् - वेल्समा वेल्स, कोर्नवालमा कर्निस, स्कटल्यण्डमा स्कट्टिस र स्कट्स, र उत्तर आयरल्याण्डमा आयरिस।
[परिवर्तन्] भूगोल
संयुक्त अधिराज्यको राजधानी लण्डन हो, जुन बेलायतको दक्षिणपूर्व स्थित थेम्स नदीको किनारमा रहेको एक विशाल सहर हो। अन्य ठूला सहरहरू बर्मिङघम, ब्रिस्टल, म्यानचेस्टर, लिभरपुल, योर्क, न्युक्यसल अपन टाइन, लिड्स, सेफ्फिल्ड, कार्डिफ, एडिनब्रा, ग्लासगो, इन्भेर्नेस, आबेरडिन, डुनी, बेलफास्ट, र लण्डनडेर्री (जसलाई डेर्री पनि भनिन्छ) हुन्।
संयुक्त अधिराज्य युरोपको मुख्यभुमीको उत्तरपश्चिम किनारमा अवस्थित छ। संयुक्त अधिराज्यको वरिपरि उत्तर समुद्र, अङ्ग्रेज च्यानल र एटलान्टिक महासागर छन्।
संयुक्त अधिराज्यको अधिनमा केही स-साना ठाउँहरूपनि छन्, जसलाई समुद्रपारका प्रान्तहरू भनिन्छ।
[परिवर्तन्] राजनिति
The UK is a constitutional monarchy. The people of the United Kingdom vote for a Member of Parliament to speak for them and to help make laws for them. Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II is the queen of the UK and is the head of state (Person in charge of the country). Even though she is the head of state, she does not choose what the United Kingdom should do about things like education (teaching people), healthcare (making sick people better) or other choices. The person who chooses for the people in the United Kingdom is the Prime Minister, who is in charge of the government. Today, the Prime Minister is Tony Blair, who is the leader of the Labour party.
Parliament, where laws are made, has three constituent parts: the House of Commons and the House of Lords and the Queen in Parliament. The House of Commons generally holds primacy. The Members of Parliament serve in the Commons, as has every Prime Minister since the Marquess of Salisbury resigned in 1902. The peers sitting in the House of Lords are not chosen by all of the people of the United Kingdom. They are people who are peers, because their parents were peers (ie. they are hereditary peers), they have been created peers or they are important officials in the established Church of England. The 92 hereditary peers are the only elected members of the House of Lords.
Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales have their own devolved Assemblies, which do less than the UK Parliament. The UK Parliament remains sovereign and it can suspend the devolved administrations at any time. The Northern Ireland Assembly is currently suspended whilst extensive negotiations are underway to resolve concerns between the two major parties. Usually there is agreement about what types of law are made by each Assembly.
[परिवर्तन्] संयुक्त अधिराज्यको इतिहास
Wales was taken over by England in the 13th century. When Queen Elizabeth I of England died, her closest relative was James the King of Scotland. He was king of both England and Scotland, but they stayed as two countries. In 1707, the Scottish and English Parliaments passed the Treaty of Union, which joined them as one country called Great Britain.
By the year 1800, England had already had much influence over Ireland for over 600 years. In that year laws were passed in Great Britain and Ireland to merge the two states. This was against the wishes of many of the Irish people, as they had in previous centuries already suffered much English oppression. The new country was called the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. In 1922 much of Ireland be came independent as the Irish Free State (now called the Republic of Ireland) from the United Kingdom. However, six northern counties of Ireland continued to be part of the United Kingdom. The country was renamed The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
विकिमीडिया कमन्समा अरु धेरै सामाग्रीहरू छन्:
संयुक्त अधिराज्य
| युरोपका देश र भूभागहरू |
|---|
| अल्बानिया - एण्डोरा - अष्ट्रीया - अजरबैजान१ - बेलारुस - बेल्जियम - बोस्निया र हर्जगोविना - बुल्गेरिया - क्रोएसिया - साइप्रस२ - चेक रिपब्लिक - डेनमार्क - इस्टोनिया - फिनल्याण्ड - फ्रान्स - जर्मनी - जर्जिया१ - ग्रीस - हंगेरी - आइसल्याण्ड - आयरल्याण्ड - इटाली - लात्भिया - लिश्टेनस्टाईन - लिथुआनिया - लक्जेम्बर्ग - माल्टा - मोल्दोवा - मोनाको - नेदरल्याण्ड्स - नर्वे - पोल्याण्ड - पोर्चुगल - म्यासेडोनिया - रोमानिया - रुस१ - सान मरिनो - सर्बिया र मोन्टेनेग्रो - स्लोभाकिया - स्लोभेनिया - स्पेन - स्वीडेन - स्वीट्जरल्याण्ड - टर्की१ - युक्रेन - संयुक्त अधिराज्य - भेटिकन सहर |
| Dependencies: Akrotiri and Dhekelia2 - Faroe Islands - Gibraltar - Guernsey - Jan Mayen - Jersey - Isle of Man - Svalbard |
| Unrecognised countries: Abkhazia | Nagorno-Karabakh2 | South Ossetia | Transnistria | Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus2 |
| १. आंशिक रूपमा एशियामा पर्छ। २. भौगोलिक रुपमा एशियामा पर्छ, तर सांस्कृतिक र ऐतिहासिक कारणले प्रायः युरोपमा गनिन्छ। |
| युरोपेली संगठन (EU) का सदस्यहरू | |
|---|---|
| अष्ट्रिया - बेल्जियम - साइप्रस - चेक गणतन्त्र - डेनमार्क - इस्टोनिया - फिनल्याण्ड - फ्रान्स - जर्मनी - युनान - हंगेरी - आयरल्याण्ड - इटाली - लात्भिया - लिथुवानिया - लक्जेम्बर्ग - माल्टा - नेदरल्याण्ड्स - पोल्याण्ड - पोर्चुगल - स्लोभाकिया - स्लोभेनिया - स्पेन - स्विडेन - संयुक्त अधिराज्य | |
| जि८ |
|---|
| क्यानेडा | फ्रान्स | जर्मनी | जापान | इटाली | संयुक्त अधिराज्य | रूस | संयुक्त राज्य अमेरिका |
