Voiced dental plosive
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| IPA – number | 104 + 408 |
| IPA – text | d̪ |
| IPA – image |  |
| Entity | d̪ |
| X-SAMPA | d_d |
| Kirshenbaum | d[ |
| Sound sample | |
|---|---|
The voiced dental plosive is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is d̪, and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is d_d. This is the symbol for the voiced alveolar plosive with the "bridge below" diacritic meaning dental.
Contents |
[edit] Features
Features of the voiced dental plosive:
- Its manner of articulation is plosive or stop, which means it is produced by obstructing airflow in the vocal tract.
- Its place of articulation is dental which means it is articulated with the tongue on either the lower or the upper teeth, or both.
- Its phonation type is voiced, which means the vocal cords are vibrating during the articulation.
- It is an oral consonant, which means air is allowed to escape through the mouth.
- It is a central consonant, which means it is produced by allowing the airstream to flow over the center of the tongue, rather than the sides.
- The airstream mechanism is pulmonic egressive, which means it is articulated by pushing air out of the lungs and through the vocal tract, rather than from the glottis or the mouth.
[edit] Found in
True dental consonants are relatively uncommon. In the Romance languages d is often called dental. However, the rearmost contact (which is what gives a consonant its distinctive sound) is actually alveolar, or perhaps denti-alveolar; the fact that the front of the tongue touches the teeth may be more visible, but is unimportant acoustically. The difference between the Romance languages and English is not so much where the tongue contacts the roof of the mouth, as which part of the tongue makes the contact. In English it is the tip of the tongue (such sounds are termed apical), whereas in the Romance languages it is the flat of the tongue just above the tip (such sounds are called laminal).
However, there are languages with true apical (or less commonly laminal) dental d.
[edit] Occurrence
| Language | Word | IPA | Meaning | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dinka | dhek | [d̪ek] | 'distinct' | |
| Hiberno-English | that | [d̪æt] | 'distinct' | |
| Polish | drugi | [ˈd̪ruɡi] | 'other' | See Polish phonology |
| Portuguese | dar | [d̪aɾ] | 'to give' | See Portuguese phonology |
| Russian | дышать | [d̪ɨˈʂatʲ] | 'to breathe' | Contrasts with a palatalized voiced alveolar plosive. See Russian phonology |
| Serbian | дисати | [d̪isati] | 'to breathe' | |
| Spanish | dedo | [ˈd̪̪e̞ð̞o̞] | 'finger' | See Spanish phonology |
[edit] See also
| Consonants (List, table) | See also: IPA, Vowels | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| This page contains phonetic information in IPA, which may not display correctly in some browsers. [Help] Where symbols appear in pairs, the one to the right represents a voiced consonant. Shaded areas denote pulmonic articulations judged impossible. |
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