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The voiceless velar fricative is a type of consonantal sound used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is x, and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is x. The [x] sound is present in some dialects of English.
[edit] Features
Features of the voiceless velar fricative:
[edit] Varieties of [x]
| IPA |
Description |
| x |
plain velar fricative |
| xʷ |
labialized |
| x’ |
ejective |
| xʷ’ |
ejective labialized |
| x̜ʷ |
semi-labialized |
| x̹ʷ |
strongly labialized |
[edit] Occurrence
- Afrikaans: goed [xuˑt], "well"
- Angor: hombo [xombo], "to walk"
- Arabic: [xadˤra], "green (f)"
- Assamese: অসমীয়া [ɔxɔmija], "Assamese (language)"
- Avar: чeхь [tʃex], "belly"
- Bulgarian: тихом [tixɔm], "quietly"
- Coptic: ϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ [xello], "elder"
- Croatian: Hrvatski [xrʋatski], "Croatian"
- Czech: chlap [xlap], "guy"
- Dutch: acht [ɑxt], "eight"
- Esperanto: monaĥo [monaxo], "monk"
- Georgian: ჯოხი [ˈʤoxi], "stick"
- German: Dach [dax], "roof"
- Greek: χαρά [xaˈra], "joy"
- Hungarian: méhhel [meːxːɛl], "with a bee"
- Irish: deoch [dʲɔ̝̈x], "drink"
- Kabyle: ḵḏem [xðəm], "to work"
- Mandarin: 河/hé [xɤ], "river"
- Polish: brzuch [bʐux], "belly"
- Portuguese (Brazilian): rabo [ˈxabu], "tail"
- Russian: хвост [xvost], "tail"
- Vedic Sanskrit: देवः करोति [daiʋəx kərauti], "The god makes."
- Scots and Scottish English: loch [lɔx], "lake"
- Scottish Gaelic, loch [ɫɔx], "lake"
- Serbian: храст [xrast], "oak"
- Somali: khad [xad], "ink"
- Spanish: ojo [ˈo̞xo̞], "eye"
- Xhosa: rhoxisa [xɔkǁiːsa], "to cancel"
- Vietnamese: khác [xɐːk̚˧˥], "different"
[edit] See also
| Consonants (List, table) |
See also: IPA, Vowels |
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Where symbols appear in pairs, the one to the right represents a voiced consonant. Shaded areas denote pulmonic articulations judged impossible. |
