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雅各書

维基百科,自由的百科全书

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雅各書新約聖經中的第二十卷書,屬於普通書信中最前寫成的第一卷。這一書卷最為一所知的地方,是說明了信心跟行為是同等重要,因為「身體沒有靈魂是死的,信心沒有行為也是死的。」(雅2:26)

目录

[编辑] 作者

作者在開首自稱為「和主耶穌基督僕人的雅各」(各1:1)。在新約時代,我們知道有以下三位雅各:

  1. 在第3世紀中期開始,當時的傳道人開始認為這一位雅各是公義者雅各,也就是耶穌基督的兄弟。這一位雅各並不是十二門徒的其中一位,而是聖保羅在《加拉太書》1:19所提及的「主的兄弟雅各」、2:9節「被稱為是教會柱石的雅各」。
  2. 約翰·加爾文及其他作者認為他是亞勒腓的兒子雅各,也就是又名利未的聖馬太的兄弟。It is feasible that James of Alphaeus is the same person as the author of Mark 15:40. Since very little is known about this person, this proposal does not tell us very much about the author.
  3. 雖然比較少人同意,但亦有人認為他是耶穌基督的門徒,那位被稱為聖雅各,即西庇太的兒子約翰的兄弟。However, most conclude that the author was not the apostle James, because he died too early. Specifically, James must have been killed before 44, but the Epistle of James seems to be written in order to clear up misconceptions about Paul's teaching on justification by faith in the 50s.

Many modern, critical scholars consider the epistle to be pseudepigraphical and so the author could have been anyone, but they generally agree that "James, a servant of God and of the Lord Jesus Christ" was intended by its author to refer to James the Just, the patriarch of the Jewish Christians at Jerusalem.

[编辑] 寫作背景

本書的對象是「散居各地的十二支派」。從此我們大概可以推斷當時的時間應在公元49年之後,可能在公元60年左右,對象是歸信基督的猶太人。

本書的主要目的,是要指出雖然我們的救贖是白白得到的,源自恩典的,但若只有信心而不去行善的話,也是沒有意思。過去曾有人錯誤理解,以為本書的主旨與保羅的話相違背,因為保羅不斷強調「因信稱義」。不過,其實無論是雅各和保羅都認同信心和行為是同等重要的。與此同時,一個人如果有足夠的信心,他就自然會行善;而一個人如果不能行善,被肉體的邪情所控制,那就表明他的信心仍然不足。而這個指標,亦可以用來查察一個人是否假冒為善。

[编辑] 主題特色

[编辑] 本書大網

聖經恢復本中所列綱目︰

壹 引言─給散居的十二支派 一1
貳 基督徒之完全的實行美德 一2~五20

一 藉信忍受試煉 一2~12 
二 神所生的,拒絕試誘 一13~18 
三 藉栽種的話,照完備自由的律法,過敬畏神的生活 一19~27 
四 在弟兄間不看外貌 二1~13 
五 在信徒關係上本於行為的稱義 二14~26 
六 勒住舌頭 三1~12 
七 以智慧行事 三13~18 
八 對付宴樂、世界與魔鬼 四1~10 
九 不批評弟兄 四11~12 
十 不信靠己意,只信靠主 四13~17 
十一 恆忍等候主來 五7~11 
十二 說話誠實,無需起誓 五12 
十三 召會生活中健康的實行 五13~20

[编辑] 外部連結

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aa - ab - af - ak - als - am - an - ang - ar - arc - as - ast - av - ay - az - ba - bar - bat_smg - bcl - be - be_x_old - bg - bh - bi - bm - bn - bo - bpy - br - bs - bug - bxr - ca - cbk_zam - cdo - ce - ceb - ch - cho - chr - chy - co - cr - crh - cs - csb - cu - cv - cy - da - de - diq - dsb - dv - dz - ee - el - eml - eo - es - et - eu - ext - fa - ff - fi - fiu_vro - fj - fo - fr - frp - fur - fy - ga - gan - gd - gl - glk - gn - got - gu - gv - ha - hak - haw - he - hi - hif - ho - hr - hsb - ht - hu - hy - hz - ia - id - ie - ig - ii - ik - ilo - io - is - it - iu - ja - jbo - jv - ka - kaa - kab - kg - ki - kj - kk - kl - km - kn - ko - kr - ks - ksh - ku - kv - kw - ky - la - lad - lb - lbe - lg - li - lij - lmo - ln - lo - lt - lv - map_bms - mdf - mg - mh - mi - mk - ml - mn - mo - mr - mt - mus - my - myv - mzn - na - nah - nap - nds - nds_nl - ne - new - ng - nl - nn - no - nov - nrm - nv - ny - oc - om - or - os - pa - pag - pam - pap - pdc - pi - pih - pl - pms - ps - pt - qu - quality - rm - rmy - rn - ro - roa_rup - roa_tara - ru - rw - sa - sah - sc - scn - sco - sd - se - sg - sh - si - simple - sk - sl - sm - sn - so - sr - srn - ss - st - stq - su - sv - sw - szl - ta - te - tet - tg - th - ti - tk - tl - tlh - tn - to - tpi - tr - ts - tt - tum - tw - ty - udm - ug - uk - ur - uz - ve - vec - vi - vls - vo - wa - war - wo - wuu - xal - xh - yi - yo - za - zea - zh - zh_classical - zh_min_nan - zh_yue - zu