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Bangkok Metro - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Bangkok Metro

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The entrance to Huai Khwang station
The entrance to Huai Khwang station
Platform at Si Lom station
Platform at Si Lom station
Interior of a Train
Interior of a Train

The Bangkok Metro, officially called the Mass Rapid Transit (MRT), is Bangkok's underground metro system. It was constructed under a concession concept. Mostly, all civil infrastructures were provided by government sector, Mass Rapid Transit Authority of Thailand (MRTA) and handed over to their concessionaire under 25-year concession agreement. Bangkok Metro Company Limited (BMCL) is only one private sector that won a biding of MRTA's consession contract for blue line. As MRTA's consessionaire, BMCL provides M&E equipments, including electrical train, signalling system, SCADA, communication, PSD, etc, for the subway project and fully operates & maintains the system. The MRT line is officially known in Thai as rotfaifah mahanakhon (รถไฟฟ้ามหานคร) or "metropolitan electric train", but it is more commonly called rotfai taidin (รถไฟใต้ดิน), literally, "underground train".

Besides the MRT, Bangkok also has an elevated rail system called BTS or less officially the Skytrain.

Contents

[edit] History

The construction of the first Bangkok Metro line, officially known as Chaloem Ratchamongkhon (Thai สายเฉลิมรัชมงคล) – "Celebration of Royal Auspice" – or informally as the "Blue Line", began on 19 November 1996. The project suffered multiple delays not only because of the 1997 economic crisis, but also due to challenging civil engineering works of constructing massive underground structures deep in the water-logged soil upon which the city is built.

The Blue Line was opened for a limited public trial over several weeks starting April 13, 2004. On July 3, 2004 the line was officially opened at 19:19 local time by HM King Bhumibol and Queen Sirikit, who were accompanied by other members of the royal family. Within 30 minutes of its opening, sightseers filled the system to its maximum capacity, but after the initial rush ridership has settled down to around 190,000 riders daily — considerably lower than projections of over 400,000, despite fares being slashed in half from 12-38 baht to 10-15 baht per trip. As of 2006, fares range between 14-36 baht per trip.

[edit] Operation

Bangkok Metro Route Map
Bangkok Metro Route Map
Entrance to Silom Station (Interchange with BTS)
Entrance to Silom Station (Interchange with BTS)

The 21-kilometer, 18-station Blue line presently runs from Bang Sue to Hua Lamphong via Phra Ram 9 and has a carrying capacity of 40,000 people in each direction per hour. Similar to the Skytrain, the Metro uses trains supplied by Siemens which travel up to 80km/h. Passengers can conveniently connect to the Skytrain at Si Lom, Sukhumvit and Chatuchak Park stations. The metro has a large depot in Huai Khwang district, which is located between Phra Ram 9 and Thailand Cultural Centre stations. Considering that Bangkok is a low-lying plain which is prone to flooding, all of the Metro's station entrances are raised about one metre above the ground level and are equipped with built-in floodgates in order to avoid water inundating the system. Lifts and ramps are found at all stations, providing easy access for passengers in wheelchair. Stations have multiple passage ways (generally four) which allow passengers to connect to any corner of the adjacent surface intersection. Maps depicting the local area and exit points are posted on the walls on the way out. Due to safety considerations, platform screen doors are installed. Uniformed security personnel and security cameras are present at each and every platform.

The ticketing system uses the RFID contactless technology with round black tokens issued for single trips and contactless stored value cards for frequent travellers. In the near future, a joint ticketing system will be set up so that passengers can use a single ticket on the Metro as well as on the Skytrain. Multi-storey park & ride facilities are provided at Lat Phrao and Thailand Cultural Centre. Motorists who park their cars at these premises will be issued with additional contactless smartcards and they need to have them electronically stamped at their destination station.

[edit] Major Accident Record

On January 17, 2005, just after 09:15, an empty train returning to the depot collided with a peak-hour train filled with passengers at the Thailand Cultural Centre station. 140 people were hurt, most of whom sustained only minor injuries, and the entire Metro network was shut down for two weeks.

After initial investigations, it was found that the empty train had run into problems before the accident, grinding to a halt on a curve leading to the depot. The driver applied its brake and was waiting to be towed to the maintenance centre close to Thailand Cultural Centre station.

A rescue train was attempting to connect to the stricken train when the driver was told to release the brake. It was then that the empty train began to roll backwards at a speed of ten metres per second, before smashing into the other train, which was carrying passengers. Therefore, it was believed that the incident was caused by negligence. [1] This accident also resulted two damaged trains but the damaged areas were limited in only two leading cars. However, one train was already fitted for operation at the end of 2006 and the remaining one is under heavy repair which is expected to service in mid of 2007.

The Metro resumed full operation on February 1, 2005, and passenger numbers soon rose back to pre-crash levels, partly due to a temporary promotional fare scheme which allowed passengers to travel any distance on the MRT for only ten baht (~0.25 USD).

[edit] List of stations

  • Bang Sue – for Bang Sue Junction Railway Station and

Phahon Yothin Railway Station

[edit] Expansion plans

Image:System Map of Bangkok Rail Transit Network.jpg
The System Map of the planned Bangkok Rail Transit Network
The Master Plan of Bangkok Transport System
The Master Plan of Bangkok Transport System

As indicated by the Thai Government, the Metro network will be continually expanded over the next 5 years (2004-2009) in order to serve more commuters that reside in the suburbs. It is planned that, eventually, the combined route distance of the Metro alone will total 91km with 3 Metro lines covering all of the major areas of Bangkok. The Blue line, once completely extended, will form a lariat-shaped loop that circles the city.

The initial expansion plan can be summarised as follows:

  • Blue Line extension:
  1. Bang Sue – Bang Phlat – Tha Phra (13km)
  2. Hua Lamphong – Tha Phra – Bang Khae (14km)
  • Orange Line: Bang Kapi – Sam Sen – Bang Bamru (24km)
  • Purple Line: Bang Yai – Sam Sen – Rat Burana (40km)

Other expansion plans for the metro include:

Note that these plans do not include the extension proposed for the Skytrain and the operators are yet designated.

[edit] See also

[edit] External links

[edit] Official sites

[edit] Unofficial sites

[edit] Downloads

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