U.S. Route 30
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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| U.S. Route 30 |
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| Length: | 3,073[1] mi (4,945.5 km) | ||||||||
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| Formed: | 1926[1] | ||||||||
| West end: |  US 101 in Astoria, OR |
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| Major junctions: |
 I-5 at Portland, OR I-15 at Pocatello, ID I-80 at Laramie, WY I-25 at Cheyenne, WY I-35 at Ames, IA I-55 at Joliet, IL I-65 at Merrillville, IN I-95 at Philadelphia, PA |
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| East end: | Virginia Avenue in Atlantic City, NJ | ||||||||
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U.S. Route 30 is an east-west main route of the system of United States Numbered Highways, with the highway traveling across the northern tier of the country. The western end of the highway is at Astoria, Oregon; the eastern end is in Atlantic City, New Jersey. Despite long stretches of parallel and concurrent Interstate Highways, it has managed to avoid the decommissioning that has happened to other long haul routes such as U.S. Route 66 and U.S. Route 80.
Much of the historic Lincoln Highway, the first road across America (from New York City to San Francisco), became part of U.S. 30; it is still known by that name in many areas.
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[edit] States traversed
| Lengths | ||
|---|---|---|
| mi | km | |
| OR | 477.47[2] | 768.41 |
| ID | 415.55[3] | 668.77 |
| WY | 454.37[4] | 731.24 |
| NE | 451[5] | 726 |
| IA | 330.43[6] | 531.77 |
| IL | 151.32[7] | 243.53 |
| IN | 151.8[8] | 244.3 |
| OH | 245.39[9] | 394.92 |
| WV | 4[10] | 6 |
| PA | 324[11] | 521 |
| NJ | 58.26[12] | 93.76 |
| 3064 | 4930 | |
[edit] Oregon
The west end of US 30 is at an intersection with U.S. Route 101 at the south end of the Astoria-Megler Bridge in downtown Astoria, Oregon, approximately 5 miles (8 km) from the Pacific Ocean. It heads east to Portland, where it uses a short section of freeway built for the cancelled Interstate 505. From there it heads around the north side of downtown on Interstate 405 and Interstate 5 to reach Interstate 84. Most of the rest of the route is concurrent with I-84, with only about 70 miles (110 km), under 1/5 of its remaining length, off the freeway, mainly on old alignments.
[edit] Idaho
Upon entering Idaho, US 30 runs along its old surface route through Fruitland and New Plymouth before joining I-84. It leaves at Bliss and soon crosses the Snake River, running south of it through Twin Falls and Burley before crossing it again and rejoining I-84. At the split with Interstate 86, US 30 continues east with I-86 almost to its end at Pocatello. US 30 cuts southeast through downtown Pocatello to Interstate 15, where it heads south to McCammon. There it exits and heads east and southeast, not parallel to an Interstate for the first time since Portland, into Wyoming.
[edit] Wyoming
In Wyoming, US 30 heads southeast through Kemmerer to Granger, where it joins Interstate 80 across southern Wyoming. It is also here that it joins the historic Lincoln Highway. As in Oregon, US 30 remains with the Interstate for most of its path, only leaving for the old route in the following places:
- 97 miles (156 km) from Walcott to Laramie
- 12 miles (19 km) through Cheyenne
- 2 miles (3 km) through Pine Bluffs to the Nebraska state line
[edit] Nebraska
Unlike the three states to the west, Nebraska keeps US 30 completely separate from its parallel Interstates (Interstate 80 in this case). From the state line to Grand Island, US 30 closely parallels I-80. East of Grand Island, US 30 separates from I-80 and runs northeast towards Columbus on a highway parallel to the Platte River. At Columbus, it turns east towards Schuyler and Fremont and crosses the Missouri River into Iowa east of Blair.
[edit] Iowa
US 30 crosses Iowa from west to east approximately 20 miles north of Interstate 80. Several freeway bypasses have been built around the major cities on US 30 - Ames, Marshalltown, Cedar Rapids and DeWitt. It crosses the Mississippi River into Illinois on the Gateway Bridge at Clinton.
[edit] Illinois
US 30 heads east in Illinois to Sterling, where it begins to parallel Interstate 88. At Aurora it turns southeast to Joliet and then back east through Chicago Heights to the Indiana state line, bypassing Chicago to the south. The original 1926 routing of US 30 ran directly through downtown Chicago, however.
[edit] Indiana
US 30 in Indiana is a major rural divided highway. Except at Fort Wayne, where it runs around the north side on Interstate 69 and Interstate 469, it is not a freeway. Between I-65 (at Merrillville) and I-69 (Fort Wayne), there are over 40 traffic signals on this divided highway, hindering smooth traffic flow.
[edit] Ohio
US 30 heads east across northern Ohio via Mansfield and Canton with several freeway sections and other long divided highway sections. It crosses the Ohio River into West Virginia at East Liverpool, concurrent with the State Route 11 freeway.
There is no direct interchange between US 30 and Interstate 75 where the roads cross in Beaverdam.
[edit] West Virginia
US 30 spends only about four miles (6 km) in West Virginia, cutting across the northernmost piece of the Northern Panhandle on a two-lane road.
[edit] Pennsylvania
US 30 heads southeast into Pennsylvania, joining U.S. Route 22 and the Penn-Lincoln Parkway West west of Pittsburgh. It heads through downtown Pittsburgh on Interstate 279 and Interstate 376, leaving at Wilkinsburg for its own alignment. From there it roughly parallels the Pennsylvania Turnpike (Interstate 76) to the Philadelphia area, though in many areas, particularly from York past Lancaster to near Coatesville and Downingtown, it is far enough for its own freeway. US 30 joins I-76 near downtown Philadelphia, splitting onto Interstate 676 to cross the Delaware River on the Ben Franklin Bridge. Popular locations in Pennsylvania include Delallo Italian Marketplace in Jeannette, Pennsylvania; Westmoreland Mall in Greensburg, Pennsylvania; Idlewild Park in Ligonier, Pennsylvania; Pennsylvania Route 31 ending in Somerset, Pennsylvania; and Jennerstown Speedway in Jennerstown, Pennsylvania.
[edit] New Jersey
US 30 splits from I-676 just east of the Ben Franklin Bridge toll plaza in Camden and heads southeast to Atlantic City, generally parallel to the Atlantic City Expressway. For most of its New Jersey run, it is known as the White Horse Pike. It ends in Atlantic City at the intersection of Absecon Boulevard (US 30) and Virginia Avenue, about one mile (1.5 km) from the Atlantic Ocean.[12]
[edit] History
In the original (October 30, 1925) plan for the system, US 30 ran from Salt Lake City, Utah to Atlantic City, New Jersey.[13] West of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, this was designated largely along the Lincoln Highway, as part of a promise to the Lincoln Highway Association to assign a single number to their road as much as possible. West of Salt Lake City, U.S. Route 40 continued to San Francisco, California, though it ran further north than the Lincoln Highway east of Wadsworth, Nevada and west of Sacramento, California.[14]
Wyoming had requested ending US 30 in Salt Lake City, but Idaho and Oregon objected. What is now US 30 through those states (west of Burley, Idaho) had been designated as part of U.S. Route 20, another transcontinental route, but it took a detour to the north through Yellowstone National Park, making it inaccessible during the winter season. The states agreed to take US 30 along that route, splitting from the route to Salt Lake City at Granger, Wyoming and running along what had been designated as U.S. Route 530. (That number was then reused for the spur towards Salt Lake City.) The planned US 530 had ended at U.S. Route 91 at McCammon, Idaho, where the new US 30 turned north to Pocatello, meeting the planned US 20. (US 20 was truncated to Yellowstone but later extended along its own route to the Pacific Ocean.) What had been designated as U.S. Route 630, from US 30 at Echo, Utah to Ogden, was to be extended east on former US 30 to US 30 at Granger and northwest on US 91 and what had been designated U.S. Route 191 to US 30 at Burley.[14]
Utah objected to that plan, though, as it removed US 30 from that state, giving them only US 630, a branch. A compromise was reached, where the US 630 route would become the main line of US 30 once improved to higher standards, but that still wasn't quite perfect. So, in the final system, a split was approved between Burley, Idaho and Granger, Wyoming, with U.S. Route 30N running along what was to be US 30, and U.S. Route 30S taking the route through Utah (planned as US 630). In the final plan (November 11, 1926), the route towards Salt Lake City became U.S. Route 530, ending at U.S. Route 40 at Kimball Junction, Utah.[14][15]
[edit] Child routes
U.S. Route 130 runs north-south in New Jersey, connecting Interstate 295/U.S. Route 40 at the east end of the Delaware Memorial Bridge at Deepwater with U.S. Route 1 near New Brunswick. US 130 crosses US 30 near Camden; it was originally designated in 1926 as a spur of US 30 from Camden to Trenton.
U.S. Route 230 branched off US 30 in Lancaster, Pennsylvania and ran northwest to Harrisburg. It was decommissioned ca. 1966, and is now Route 230, paralleled by the Route 283 freeway.
U.S. Route 330 branched off at Geneva, Illinois, where US 30 ran along present Illinois 38 and Illinois 31, and ran east to Chicago. After several extensions on the west end, it became part of U.S. Route 30 Alternate ca. 1942 and Illinois 38 ca. 1971.
U.S. Route 430 ran from US 30 at Geneva, Illinois north to U.S. Route 12 near Richmond. Ca. 1934 it became Illinois 31.
U.S. Route 530 was a short spur from U.S. Route 30S at Echo, Utah southwest to U.S. Route 40 at Kimball Junction. Around 1938 it became part of U.S. Route 189, and has been upgraded to Interstate 80.
U.S. Route 630 was designated around 1927 as a replacement of U.S. Route 30N from US 30 at Fruitland, Idaho north and west to US 30 in Oregon. Around 1933 it became US 30N again.
U.S. Route 730 runs from Interstate 84 and US 30 west of Umatilla, Oregon northeast to U.S. Route 12 near Wallula, Washington. It was designated east of Umatilla in 1926, and was extended west ca. 1942 when US 30 was realigned onto its current alignment.
U.S. Route 830 ran across the Columbia River from US 30, from U.S. Route 101 at Johnson's Landing, Washington east to U.S. Route 97 at Maryhill, Washington; it never connected directly to US 30. Around 1968 it became State Route 4 and State Route 14.
The most prominent of the divisions was U.S. Route 30N and U.S. Route 30S between Burley, Idaho and Granger, Wyoming. This was eliminated ca. 1972 by routing US 30 along US 30N; US 30S had been upgraded as Interstate 84 and Interstate 80.
The other split designated in 1926 was a spur from Fruitland, Idaho north to Weiser, Idaho, designated as U.S. Route 30N and running across the Snake River from US 30. This was renumbered U.S. Route 630 ca. 1927, and at some point it was connected back to US 30 near Weiser via a new bridge across the Snake River. Ca. 1933 it was renumbered back to US 30N, which it kept until ca. 1980. A U.S. Route 30S was also designated in the area from ca. 1938 to 1940.
Around 1931, a split in Ohio was designated, from Delphos east to Mansfield. The original US 30 was assigned U.S. Route 30S, and a straighter route became U.S. Route 30N. US 30S was eliminated ca. 1975, putting US 30 on former US 30N.
US 30 was rerouted ca. 1931 to bypass Omaha, Nebraska and Council Bluffs, Iowa to the north. The former route, from Fremont, Nebraska to Missouri Valley, Iowa, was designated U.S. Route 30S. Ca. 1934 it was truncated to Omaha and ca. 1939 it was removed.[16]
There is a signed US 30 "Bypass" in metropolitan Portland, beginning at the St. John's bridge, following (roughly) Lombard Street in North Portland, continuing along Sandy Blvd., and rejoining the I-84/US-30 route near the town of Wood Village. Junctions with I-5 and I-205 are both signed with "US-30 BYPASS" markers.US Highways: Bypass routes
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U.S. Routes related to US 30 |
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| US 130 - US 230 - US 330 - US 430 - US 530 - US 630 - US 730 - US 830 | |
[edit] References
- ^ a b Droz, Robert V. U.S. Highways : From US 1 to (US 830). URL accessed 02:55, 17 April 2006 (UTC).
- ^ Oregon Department of Transportation, TransGIS and Equations and Milepoint Range Information, accessed January 30, 2006
- ^ Idaho Transportation Department, May 4, 2004 Milepost Log - State Highway System
- ^ Wyoming Department of Transportation, November 2004 Reference Marker Book
- ^ Nebraska Roads: US 30
- ^ Iowa Department of Transportation, 2004 Geographic Information Systems Statewide and County Data
- ^ Illinois Department of Transportation, 2004 GIS Data
- ^ Indiana Highway Ends - US 30
- ^ Ohio Department of Transportation, January 1, 2005 Straight Line Diagrams
- ^ Approximated from Mapquest
- ^ Pennsylvania Highways: US 30
- ^ a b New Jersey Department of Transportation, 2005 Straight Line Diagrams - US 30 (PDF)
- ^ Report of Joint Board on Interstate Highways, October 30, 1925
- ^ a b c Richard F. Weingroff, From Names to Numbers; The Origins of the U.S. Numbered Highway System
- ^ American Association of State Highway Officials, United States Numbered Highways, 1927
- ^ US Highways: Divided (Split) Routes
[edit] External links
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Main U.S. Routes | ||||||||||||||||||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | |
| 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 33 | 34 | 35 | 36 | 37 | 38 | |
| 40 | 41 | 42 | 43 | 44 | 45 | 46 | 48 | 49 | 50 | 51 | 52 | 53 | 54 | 55 | 56 | 57 | 58 | 59 | |
| 60 | 61 | 62 | 63 | 64 | 65 | 66 | 67 | 68 | 69 | 70 | 71 | 72 | 73 | 74 | 75 | 76 | 77 | 78 | 79 |
| 80 | 81 | 82 | 83 | 84 | 85 | 87 | 89 | 90 | 91 | 92 | 93 | 94 | 95 | 96 | 97 | 98 | 99 | ||
| 101 | 163 | 400 | 412 | 425 | |||||||||||||||
| Lists | U.S. Routes - Bannered - Divided - Replaced | ||||||||||||||||||
| Browse numbered routes | ||||
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<  US 28 |
OR | OR 31  > |
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<  SH 29 |
ID | SH 31  > |
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| < I-25 |
WY | WYO 30  > |
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<  NE 29 |
NE | NE 31  > |
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<  I-29 |
IA | IA 31  > |
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<  ILL 29 |
IL | ILL 31  > |
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<  SR 29 |
IN | US 31  > |
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<  SR 29 |
OH | SR 31  > |
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<  PA 29 |
PA | PA 31  > |
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<  NJ 29 |
NJ | NJ 31  > |
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