User:Basar/Sandbox
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This list of Hawaii birds is a comprehensive listing of all the bird species seen naturally in the state of Hawaii as determined by the Hawaiian Audubon Society.
There are, as of 2006, X species on this list. X of these species are resident native species (R) that do not normally leave the islands. X of these species are alien (A) — species that are non-native to Hawaii but now have established, resident populations. X of these species migrate to Hawaii specifically to breed (B). X of these species come to Hawaii as visitors (V) (they breed somewhere else).
Native resident species are subdivided into 48 living endemic species (Re), 23 extinct endemic species (Rx), living endemic subspecies (Res), and species that are native but not endemic (Ri). Alien species are subdivided into long established populations — before 1945 — (Al), newly introduced populations (An), and formerly established populations (Ax). Breeding species are subdivided into endemic (Be), endemic subspecies (Bes), and species that also breed else where (Bi). Visitor species are subdivided by occurence: common (Vc), regular in small numbers most or all years (Vr), occassional in some to most years (Vo), accidental straglers (Vs), or species that have only been recorded by beach-cast dead bodies (Vd). A "b" appended to the visitor tag means that the species has bred at least once in Hawaii.
This list is presented in taxonomic order. The family accounts at the beginning of each heading reflect this taxonomy, as do the species counts found in each family accounts.
[edit] Ducks, Geese, and Swans
Order: Anseriformes Family: Anatidae
The family Anatidae includes the ducks and most duck-like waterfowl, such as geese and swan. These are birds that are modified for an aquatic existence with webbed feet, bills which are flattened to a greater or lesser extent, and feathers that are excellent at shedding water due to special oils. There are 131 species world wide and 39 Hawaiian species.
- Fulvous Whistling-Duck, Dendrocygna bicolor (Vsb)
- Greater White-fronted Goose, Anser albifrons (Vs)
- Emperor Goose, Chen canagica (Vs)
- Snow Goose, Chen caerulescens (Vs)
- Canada Goose, Branta canadensis (Vo)
- Hawaiian Goose, Branta sandvicensis (Re)
- Brant, Branta bernicla (Vo)
- Tundra Swan, Cygnus columbianus (Vs)
- Gadwall, Anas strepera (Vs)
- Falcated Duck, Anas falcata (Vs)
- Eurasian Wigeon, Anas penelope (Vo)
- American Wigeon, Anas americana (Vr)
- Mallard, Anas platyrhynchos (Al,Vo)
- Hawaiian Duck, Anas wyvilliana (Re)
- Laysan Duck, Anas laysanensis (Re)
- Blue-winged Teal, Anas discors (Vob)
- Cinnamon Teal, Anas cyanoptera (Vs)
- Northern Shoveler, Anas clypeata (Vc)
- Northern Pintail, Anas acuta (Vc)
- Garganey, Anas querquedula (Vo)
- Green-winged Teal, Anas crecca (Vr)
- Canvasback, Aythya valisineria (Vs)
- Redhead, Aythya americana (Vs)
- Common Pochard, Aythya ferina (Vs)
- Ring-necked Duck, Aythya collaris (Vr)
- Tufted Duck, Aythya fuligula (Vs)
- Greater Scaup, Aythya marila (Vo)
- Lesser Scaup, Aythya affinis (Vc)
- Harlequin Duck, Histrionicus histrionicus (Vs)
- Surf Scoter, Melanitta perspicillata (Vs)
- Black Scoter, Melanitta nigra (Vs)
- Long-tailed Duck, Clangula hyemalis (Vs)
- Bufflehead, Bucephala albeola (Vo)
- Common Goldeneye, Bucephala clangula (Vs)
- Barrow's Goldeneye, Bucephala islandica (Vs)
- Hooded Merganser, Lophodytes cucullatus (Vs)
- Common Merganser, Mergus merganser (Vs)
- Red-breasted Merganser, Mergus serrator (Vs)
- Ruddy Duck, Oxyura jamaicensis (Vs)
[edit] Partridges, Grouse, Turkeys, and Old World Quail
Order: Galliformes Family: Phasianidae
The Phasianidae is a family of birds which consists of the pheasants and their allies. These are terrestrial species, variable in size but generally plump, with broad relatively short wings. Many species are gamebirds, or have been domesticated as a food source for humans. There are 180 species world wide and 10 Hawaiian species.
- Chukar, Alectoris chukar (Al)
- Gray Francolin, Francolinus pondicerianus (An)
- Black Francolin, Francolinus francolinus (An)
- Erckel Francolin, Francolinus erckelii (An)
- Japanese Quail, Coturnix japonica (Al)
- Red Junglefowl, Gallus gallus (Al)
- Kalij Pheasant, Lophura leucomelanos (An)
- Ring-necked Pheasant, Phasianus colchicus (Al)
- Common Peafowl, Pavo cristatus (Al)
- Wild Turkey, Meleagris gallopavo (Al)
[edit] New World Quail
Order: Galliformes Family: Odontophoridae
The New World quails are small, plump terrestrial birds only distantly related to the quails of the Old World, but named for their similar appearance and habits. There are 32 species, world-wide, all found only in the Americas and 2 Hawaiian species.
- California Quail, Callipepla californica (Al)
- Gambel's Quail, Callipepla gambelii (Al)
[edit] Loons
Order: Gaviiformes Family: Gaviidae
Loons are aquatic birds size of a large duck, to which they are unrelated. Their plumage is largely grey or black, they have spear-shaped bills. Loons swim well, and fly adequately, but, because their legs are placed towards the rear of the body, are almost hopeless on land. There are 5 species world-wide and 1 Hawaiian species.
- Pacific Loon, Gavia pacifica (Vs)
[edit] Grebes
Order: Podicipediformes Family: Podicipedidae
Grebes are small to medium-large sized freshwater diving birds. They have lobed toes, and are excellent swimmers and divers. However, they have their feet placed far back on the body, making them quite ungainly on land. There are 20 species world-wide and 4 Hawaiian species.
- Pied-billed Grebe, Podilymbus podiceps (Vsb)
- Horned Grebe, Podiceps auritus (Vs)
- Red-necked Grebe, Podiceps grisegena (Vs)
- Eared Grebe, Podiceps nigricollis (Vs)
[edit] Albatrosses
Order: Procellariiformes Family: Diomedeidae
The albatrosses are amongst the largest of flying birds, and the great albatrosses from the genus Diomedea have the largest wingspans of any extant birds. There are 21 species world wide and 3 Hawaiian species.
- Laysan Albatross, Phoebastria immutabilis (Bi)
- Black-footed Albatross, Phoebastria nigripes (Bi)
- Short-tailed Albatross, Phoebastria albatrus (Vr)
[edit] Shearwaters and Petrels
Order: Procellariiformes Family: Procellariidae
The procellariids are the main group of medium-sized 'true petrels', characterised by united nostrils with medium septum, and a long outer functional primary. There are 75 species world wide and 25 Hawaiian species.
- Northern Fulmar, Fulmarus glacialis (Vs)
- Tahiti Petrel, Pterodroma rostrata (Vs)
- Kermadec Petrel, Pterodroma neglecta (Vs)
- Herald Petrel, Pterodroma arminjoniana (Vs)
- Murphy's Petrel, Pterodroma ultima (Vs)
- Mottled Petrel, Pterodroma inexpectata (Vo)
- Juan Fernandez Petrel, Pterodroma externa (Vo)
- Hawaiian Petrel Pterodroma sandwichensis (Be)
- White-necked Petrel, Pterodroma cervicalis (Vs)
- Bonin Petrel, Pterodroma hypoleuca (Bi)
- Black-winged Petrel, Pterodroma nigripennis (Vo)
- Cook's Petrel, Pterodroma cookii (Vs)
- Pycroft Petrel, Pterodroma pycrofti (Vs)
- Stejneger's Petrel, Pterodroma longirostris (Vs)
- Bulwer's Petrel, Bulweria bulwerii (Bi)
- Jouanin Petrel, Bulweria bulwerii (Vs)
- Streaked Shearwater, Calonectris leucomelas (Vs)
- Flesh-footed Shearwater, Puffinus carneipes (Vs)
- Wedge-tailed Shearwater, Puffinus pacificus (Bi)
- Buller's Shearwater, Puffinus bulleri (Vs)
- Sooty Shearwater, Puffinus griseus (Vr)
- Short-tailed Shearwater, Puffinus tenuirostris (Vs)
- Christmas Shearwater, Puffinus nativitatis (Bi)
- Newell's Shearwater, Puffinus auricularis newelli (Bes)
- Little Shearwater, Puffinus assimilis (Vs)
[edit] Storm-Petrels
Order: Procellariiformes Family: Hydrobatidae
The storm-petrels are the smallest of seabirds, relatives of the petrels, feeding on planktonic crustaceans and small fish picked from the surface, typically while hovering. The flight is fluttering and sometimes bat-like. There are 21 species world wide and 5 Hawaiian species.
- Wilson's Storm-petrel, Oceanites oceanicus (Vs)
- Fork-tailed Storm-petrel, Oceanodroma furcata (Vs)
- Leach's Storm-petrel, Oceanodroma leucorhoa (Vr)
- Band-rumped Storm-petrel, Oceanodroma castro (Bi)
- Tristram Storm-petrel, Oceanodroma tristrami (Bi)
[edit] Tropicbirds
Order: Pelecaniformes Family: Phaethontidae
Tropicbirds are slender white birds of tropical oceans, with exceptionally long central tail feathers. Their long wings have black markings, as does the head. There are 3 species world wide and 3 Hawaiian species.
- White-tailed Tropicbird, Phaethon lepturus (Ri)
- Red-billed Tropicbird, Phaethon aethereus (Vs)
- Red-tailed Tropicbird, Phaethon rubricauda (Bi)
[edit] Boobies and Gannets
Order: Pelecaniformes Family: Sulidae
The sulids comprise the gannets and boobies. Both groups are medium-large coastal seabirds that plunge-dive for fish. There are 8 species world wide and 3 Hawaiian species.
- Masked Booby, Sula dactylatra (Ri)
- Brown Booby, Sula leucogaster (Ri)
- Red-footed Booby, Sula sula (Ri)
[edit] Cormorants
Order: Pelecaniformes Family: Phalacrocoracidae
Cormorants are medium-to-large aquatic birds, usually with mainly dark plumage and areas of coloured skin on the face. The bill is long, thin, and sharply hooked. Their feet are four-toed and webbed, a distinguishing feature among the Pelecaniformes order. There are 36 species world wide and 1 Hawaiian species.
- Pelagic Cormorant, Phalacrocorax pelagicus (Vs)
[edit] Frigatebirds
Order: Pelecaniformes Family: Fregatidae
Frigatebirds are large sea-birds usually found over tropical oceans. They are large, black or black and white, with long wings and deeply-forked tails. The males have inflatable coloured throat pouches. They do not swim or walk, and cannot take off from a flat surface. Having the largest wingspan to body weight ratio of any bird, they are essentially aerial, able to stay aloft for more than a week. There are 5 species world wide and 2 Hawaiian species.
- Great Frigatebird, Fregata minor (Ri)
- Lesser Frigatebird, Fregata ariel (Vo)
[edit] Bitterns, Herons, and Egrets
Order: Ciconiiformes Family: Ardeidae
The family Ardeidae contains the herons, egrets, and bitterns. Herons and Egrets are medium to large sized wadng birds with long necks and legs. Bitterns tend to be shorter necked and more secrative. Unlike other long necked birds suck as storks, ibises and spoonbills, members of Ardeidae fly with their necks retracted. There are 61 species world wide and 8 Hawaiian species.
- Great Blue Heron, Ardea herodias (Vo)
- Great Egret, Ardea alba (Vs)
- Intermediate Egret, Mesophoxy intermedia (Vs)
- Snowy Egret, Egretta thula (Vs)
- Little Blue Heron, Egretta caerulea (Vo)
- Cattle Egret, Bubulcus ibis (An)
- Green Heron, Butorides virescens (Vs)
- Black-crowned Night Heron, Nycticorax nycticorax (Ri)
[edit] Ibises and Spoonbills
Order: Ciconiiformes Family: Threskiornithidae
- White-faced Ibis, Plegadis chihi (Vs)
[edit] Hawks, Kites, and Eagles
Order: Falconiformes Family: Accipitridae
The family Accipitridae is a family of birds of prey and include hawks, eagles, kites, harriers and Old World vultures. These birds have very large powerful hooked beaks for tearing flesh from their prey, strong legs, powerful talons, and keen eyesight. There are 233 species world wide and 8 Hawaiian species.
- Osprey, Pandion haliaetus (Vo)
- Black Kite, Milvus migrans (Vs)
- Steller Sea-Eagle, Haliaeetus pelagicus (Vs)
- Northern Harrier, Circus cyaneus (Vs)
- Gray Frog-Hawk, Accipiter soloensis (Vs)
- Hawaiian Hawk, Buteo solitarius (Re)
- Rough-legged Hawk, Buteo lagopus (Vs)
- Golden Eagle, Aquila chrysaetos (Vs)
[edit] Caracaras and Falcons
Order: Falconiformes Family: Falconidae
Falconidae is a family of diurnal birds of prey, notably the falcons and caracaras. They differ from hawks, eagles, and kites in that they kill with their beaks instead of their feet. There are 62 species world wide and 2 Hawaiian species.
- Merlin, Falco columbarius (Vs)
- Peregrine Falcon, Falco peregrinus (Vr)
[edit] Rails, Gallinules, and Coots
Order: Gruiformes Family: Rallidae
Rallidae is a large family of small to medium-sized birds which includes the rails, crakes, coots, and gallinules. The most typical family members occupy dense vegetation in damp environments near lakes, swamps, or rivers. In general they are shy and secretive birds, difficult to observe. Most species have strong legs, and have long toes which are well adapted to soft, uneven surfaces. They tend to have short, rounded wings and be weak fliers. There are 143 species world wide and 6 Hawaiian species.
- Laysan Rail, Porzana palmeri (Rx)
- Sora, Porzana carolina (Vs)
- Hawaiian Rail, Porzana sandwichensis (Rx)
- Hawaiian Moorhen, Gallinula chloropus sandvicensis (Res)
- Hawaiian Coot, Fulica alai (Re)
- American Coot, Fulica americana (Vs)
[edit] Cranes
Order: Gruiformes Family: Gruidae
Cranes are large, long-legged and long-necked birds. Unlike the similar-looking but unrelated herons, cranes fly with necks outstretched, not pulled back. Most have elaborate and noisy courting displays or "dances". There are 15 species world wide and 1 Hawaiian species.
- Sandhill Crane, Grus canadensis (Vs)
[edit] Lapwings and Plovers
Order: Charadriiformes Family: Charadriidae
The family Charadriidae includes the plovers, dotterels, and lapwings. They are small to medium-sized birds with compact bodies, short, thick necks and long, usually pointed, wings. They are found in open country worldwide, mostly in habitats near water, although there are some exceptions. There are 66 species world wide and 7 Hawaiian species.
- Black-bellied Plover, Pluvialis squatarola (Vr)
- Pacific Golden Plover, Pluvialis fulva (Vc)
- Mongolian Plover, Charadrius mongolus (Vs)
- Common Ringed Plover, Charadrius hiaticula (Vs)
- Semipalmated Plover, Charadrius semipalmatus (Vo)
- Killdeer, Charadrius vociferus (Vs)
- Eurasian Dotterel, Charadrius morinellus (Vs)
[edit] Stilts and Avocets
Order: Charadriiformes Family: Recurvirostridae
Recurvirostridae is a family of large wading birds, which includes the avocets and the stilts. The avocets have long legs and long up-curved bills. The stilts have extremely long legs and long, thin, straight bills. There are 9 species world wide and 1 Hawaiian species.
- Hawaiian Stilt, Himantopus mexicanus knudseni (Res)
[edit] Sandpipers, Curlews, Stints, Godwits, Snipes, and Phalaropes
Order: Charadriiformes Family: Scolopacidae
The Scolopacidae are a large diverse family of small to medium sized shorebirds including the Sandpipers, Curlews, Godwits, Shanks, Tattlers, Woodcocks, Snipes, Dowitchers and Phalaropes. The majority of species eat small invertebrates picked out of the mud or soil. Different lengths of legs and bills enable different species to feed in the same habitat, particularly on the coast, without direct competition for food. There are 86 species world wide, 65 North American species, and 47 Californian species.
- Common Greenshank, Tringa nebularia *
- Greater Yellowlegs, Tringa melanoleuca
- Lesser Yellowlegs, Tringa flavipes
- Spotted Redshank, Tringa erythropus *
- Solitary Sandpiper, Tringa solitaria
- Willet, Catoptrophorus semipalmatus
- Wandering Tattler, Heteroscelus incanus
- Gray-tailed Tattler, Heteroscelus brevipes *
- Spotted Sandpiper, Actitis macularia
- Terek Sandpiper, Xenus cinereus *
- Upland Sandpiper, Bartramia longicauda *
- Little Curlew, Numenius minutus *
- Whimbrel, Numenius phaeopus
- Bristle-thighed Curlew, Numenius tahitiensis *
- Long-billed Curlew, Numenius americanus
- Hudsonian Godwit, Limosa haemastica *
- Bar-tailed Godwit, Limosa lapponica *
- Marbled Godwit, Limosa fedoa
- Ruddy Turnstone, Arenaria interpres
- Black Turnstone, Arenaria melanocephala
- Surfbird, Aphriza virgata
- Red Knot, Calidris canutus
- Sanderling, Calidris alba
- Semipalmated Sandpiper, Calidris pusilla
- Western Sandpiper, Calidris mauri
- Red-necked Stint, Calidris ruficollis *
- Little Stint, Calidris minuta *
- Long-toed Stint, Calidris subminuta *
- Least Sandpiper, Calidris minutilla
- White-rumped Sandpiper, Calidris fuscicollis *
- Baird's Sandpiper, Calidris bairdii
- Pectoral Sandpiper, Calidris melanotos
- Sharp-tailed Sandpiper, Calidris acuminata
- Rock Sandpiper, Calidris ptilocnemis
- Dunlin, Calidris alpina
- Curlew Sandpiper, Calidris ferruginea *
- Stilt Sandpiper, Calidris himantopus
- Buff-breasted Sandpiper, Tryngites subruficollis
- Ruff, Philomachus pugnax
- Short-billed Dowitcher, Limnodromus griseus
- Long-billed Dowitcher, Limnodromus scolopaceus
- Jack Snipe, Lymnocryptes minimus *
- Wilson's Snipe, Gallinago delicata
- American Woodcock, Scolopax minor *
- Wilson's Phalarope, Phalaropus tricolor
- Red-necked Phalarope, Phalaropus lobatus
- Red Phalarope, Phalaropus fulicarius
[edit] Skuas, Gulls, Terns, and Skimmers
Order: Charadriiformes Family: Laridae
Laridae is a family of medium to large birds seabirds and includes jaegers, skuas, gulls, terns, kittiwakes and skimmers. They are typically grey or white, often with black markings on the head or wings. They have stout, longish bills and webbed feet. There are 108 species world wide, 54 North American species, and 43 Californian species. Note that the Swallow-tailed Gull is not included in the North American list.
- South Polar Skua, Stercorarius maccormicki
- Pomarine Jaeger, Stercorarius pomarinus
- Parasitic Jaeger, Stercorarius parasiticus
- Long-tailed Jaeger, Stercorarius longicaudus
- Laughing Gull, Larus atricilla
- Franklin's Gull, Larus pipixcan
- Little Gull, Larus minutus *
- Black-headed Gull, Larus ridibundus *
- Bonaparte's Gull, Larus philadelphia
- Heermann's Gull, Larus heermanni
- Belcher's Gull, Larus belcheri *
- Black-tailed Gull, Larus crassirostris *
- Mew Gull, Larus canus
- Ring-billed Gull, Larus delawarensis
- California Gull, Larus californicus
- Herring Gull, Larus argentatus
- Thayer's Gull, Larus thayeri
- Iceland Gull, Larus glaucoides *
- Lesser Black-backed Gull, Larus fuscus *
- Slaty-backed Gull, Larus schistisagus *
- Yellow-footed Gull, Larus livens
- Western Gull, Larus occidentalis
- Glaucous-winged Gull, Larus glaucescens
- Glaucous Gull, Larus hyperboreus
- Sabine's Gull, Xema sabini
- Swallow-tailed Gull, Creagrus furcatus *
- Black-legged Kittiwake, Rissa tridactyla
- Red-legged Kittiwake, Rissa brevirostris *
- Ivory Gull, Pagophila eburnea *
- Gull-billed Tern, Gelochelidon nilotica
- Caspian Tern, Hydroprogne caspia
- Royal Tern, Sterna maxima
- Elegant Tern, Sterna elegans
- Sandwich Tern, Sterna sandvicensis *
- Common Tern, Sterna hirundo
- Arctic Tern, Sterna paradisaea
- Forster's Tern, Sterna forsteri
- Least Tern, Sternula antillarum
- Bridled Tern, Onychoprion anaethetus *
- Sooty Tern, Onychoprion fuscata *
- White-winged Tern, Chlidonias leucopterus *
- Black Tern, Chlidonias niger
- Black Skimmer, Rynchops niger
[edit] Auks, Murres, and Puffins
Order: Charadriiformes Family: Alcidae
Alcids are superficially similar to penguins due to their black-and-white colours, their upright posture and some of their habits, however they are not related to the penguins at all, being able to fly. Auks live on the open sea, only deliberately coming ashore to nest. There are 24 species world wide and 4 Hawaiian species.
- Cassin's Auklet, Ptychoramphus aleuticus (Vs)
- Parakeet Auklet, Aethia psittacula (Vd)
- Horned Puffin, Fratercula corniculata (Vs)
- Tufted Puffin, Fratercula cirrhata (Vd)
[edit] Pigeons and Doves
Order: Columbiformes Family: Columbidae
Pigeons and doves are stout-bodied birds with short necks and short slender bills with a fleshy cere. There are 308 species world wide and 4 Hawaiian species.
- Rock Dove, Columba livia (Al)
- Spotted Dove, Streptopelia chinensis (Al)
- Zebra Dove, Geopelia striata (Al)
- Mourning Dove, Zenaida macroura (An)
[edit] Lories, Parakeets, Macaws, and Parrots
Order: Psittaciformes Family: Psittacidae
Parrots are small to large birds with a characteristic curved beak shape. Their upper mandibles have slight mobility in the joint with the skull and the have a generally erect stance. All parrots are zygodactyl, having the four toes on each foot placed two at the front and two back. There are 335 species world wide, 8 North American species, and 1 Californian species.
- Red-crowned Parrot, Amazona viridigenalis (I)
[edit] Cuckoos, Roadrunners, and Anis
Order: Cuculiformes Family: Cuculidae
The family Cuculidae includes cuckoos, roadrunners and anis. These birds are of variable size with slender bodies, long tails and strong legs. Unlike the cuckoo species of the Old World, North American cuckoos are not brood parasites. There are 138 species world wide, 8 North American species, and 4 Californian species.
- Yellow-billed Cuckoo, Coccyzus americanus
- Black-billed Cuckoo, Coccyzus erythropthalmus *
- Greater Roadrunner, Geococcyx californianus
- Groove-billed Ani, Crotophaga sulcirostris *
[edit] Barn owls
Order: Strigiformes Family: Tytonidae
Barn owls are medium to large sized owls with large heads and characteristic heart-shaped faces. They have long strong legs with powerful talons. There are 16 species world wide, 1 North American species, and 1 Californian species.
- Barn Owl, Tyto alba
[edit] Typical owls
Order: Strigiformes Family: Strigidae
Typical owls are small to large solitary nocturnal birds of prey. They have large forward-facing eyes and ears, a hawk-like beak, and a conspicuous circle of feathers around each eye called a facial disk. There are 195 species world wide, 21 North American species, and 13 Californian species.
- Flammulated Owl, Otus flammeolus
- Western Screech-Owl, Megascops kennicottii
- Great Horned Owl, Bubo virginianus
- Snowy Owl, Bubo scandiacus *
- Northern Pygmy Owl, Glaucidium gnoma
- Elf Owl, Micrathene whitneyi
- Burrowing Owl, Athene cunicularia
- Spotted Owl, Strix occidentalis
- Barred Owl, Strix varia
- Great Gray Owl, Strix nebulosa
- Long-eared Owl, Asio otus
- Short-eared Owl, Asio flammeus
- Northern Saw-whet Owl, Aegolius acadicus
[edit] Nightjars
Order: Caprimulgiformes Family: Caprimulgidae
Nightjars are medium-sized nocturnal birds with long wings, short legs and very short bills that usually nest on the ground. Most have small feet, of little use for walking, and long pointed wings. Their soft plumage is crypically coloured to resemble bark or leaves. There are 86 species world wide, 9 North American species, and 6 Californian species.
- Lesser Nighthawk, Chordeiles acutipennis
- Common Nighthawk, Chordeiles minor
- Common Poorwill, Phalaenoptilus nuttallii
- Chuck-will's-widow, Caprimulgus carolinensis *
- Buff-collared Nightjar, Caprimulgus ridgwayi *
- Whip-poor-will, Caprimulgus vociferus
[edit] Swifts
Order: Apodiformes Family: Apodidae
The swifts are small aerial birds, spending the majority of their lives flying. These birds have very short legs and never settle voluntarily on the ground, perching instead only on vertical surfaces. Many swifts have long swept-back wings that resemble a crescent or a boomerang. There are 98 species world wide, 9 North American species, and 5 Californian species.
- Black Swift, Cypseloides niger
- White-collared Swift, Streptoprocne zonaris *
- Chimney Swift, Chaetura pelagica
- Vaux's Swift, Chaetura vauxi
- White-throated Needletail Hirundapus caudacutus
[edit] Hummingbirds
Order: Apodiformes Family: Trochilidae
Hummingbirds are small birds capable of hovering in mid-air due to the rapid flapping of their wings. They are the only birds that can fly backwards. There are 337 species world wide, 23 North American species, and 14 Californian species.
- Green Violet-ear, Colibri thalassinus *
- Broad-billed Hummingbird, Cynanthus latirostris *
- Xantus's Hummingbird, Hylocharis xantusii *
- Violet-crowned Hummingbird, Amazilia violiceps *
- Blue-throated Hummingbird, Lampornis clemenciae *
- Magnificent Hummingbird, Eugenes fulgens *
- Ruby-throated Hummingbird, Archilochus colubris *
- Black-chinned Hummingbird, Archilochus alexandri
- Anna's Hummingbird, Calypte anna
- Costa's Hummingbird, Calypte costae
- Calliope Hummingbird, Stellula calliope
- Broad-tailed Hummingbird, Selasphorus platycercus
- Rufous Hummingbird, Selasphorus rufus
- Allen's Hummingbird, Selasphorus sasin
[edit] Kingfishers
Order: Coraciiformes Family: Cerylidae
Kingfishers are medium sized birds with large heads, long pointed bills, short legs, and stubby tails. There are 94 species world wide, 3 North American species, and 1 Californian species.
- Belted Kingfisher, Megaceryle alcyon
[edit] Woodpeckers, Sapsuckers, and Flickers
Order: Piciformes Family: Picidae
Woodpeckers are small to medium sized birds with chisel like beaks, short legs, stiff tails and long tongues used for capturing insects. Some species have feet with two toes pointing forward, and two backward, while several species have only three toes. Many woodpeckers have the habit of tapping noisily on tree trunks with their beaks. There are 218 species world wide, 26 North American species, and 17 Californian species.
- Lewis's Woodpecker, Melanerpes lewis
- Red-headed Woodpecker, Melanerpes erythrocephalus *
- Acorn Woodpecker, Melanerpes formicivorus
- Gila Woodpecker, Melanerpes uropygialis
- Williamson's Sapsucker, Sphyrapicus thyroideus
- Yellow-bellied Sapsucker, Sphyrapicus varius
- Red-naped Sapsucker, Sphyrapicus nuchalis
- Red-breasted Sapsucker, Sphyrapicus ruber
- Ladder-backed Woodpecker, Picoides scalaris
- Nuttall's Woodpecker, Picoides nuttallii
- Downy Woodpecker, Picoides pubescens
- Hairy Woodpecker, Picoides villosus
- White-headed Woodpecker, Picoides albolarvatus
- Black-backed Woodpecker, Picoides arcticus
- Northern Flicker, Colaptes auratus
- Gilded Flicker, Colaptes chrysoides
- Pileated Woodpecker, Dryocopus pileatus
[edit] Tyrant flycatchers
Order: Passeriformes Family: Tyrannidae
Tyrant flycatchers are Passerine birds which occur throughout North and South America. They superficially resemble the Old World flycatchers, but are more robust with stronger bills. They do not have the sophisticated vocal capabilities of the songbirds. Most, but not all, are rather plain. As the name implies, most are insectivorous. There are 429 species world wide (all in America), 45 North American species, and 31 Californian species.
- Olive-sided Flycatcher, Contopus cooperi
- Greater Pewee, Contopus pertinax *
- Western Wood-Pewee, Contopus sordidulus
- Eastern Wood-Pewee, Contopus virens *
- Yellow-bellied Flycatcher, Empidonax flaviventris *
- Alder Flycatcher, Empidonax alnorum *
- Willow Flycatcher, Empidonax traillii
- Least Flycatcher, Empidonax minimus
- Hammond's Flycatcher, Empidonax hammondii
- Gray Flycatcher, Empidonax wrightii
- Dusky Flycatcher, Empidonax oberholseri
- Pacific-slope Flycatcher, Empidonax difficilis
- Cordilleran Flycatcher, Empidonax occidentalis
- Black Phoebe, Sayornis nigricans
- Eastern Phoebe, Sayornis phoebe
- Say's Phoebe, Sayornis saya
- Vermilion Flycatcher, Pyrocephalus rubinus
- Dusky-capped Flycatcher, Myiarchus tuberculifer *
- Ash-throated Flycatcher, Myiarchus cinerascens
- Nutting's Flycatcher, Myiarchus nuttingi *
- Great Crested Flycatcher, Myiarchus crinitus *
- Brown-crested Flycatcher, Myiarchus tyrannulus
- Sulphur-bellied Flycatcher, Myiodynastes luteiventris *
- Tropical Kingbird, Tyrannus melancholicus
- Couch's Kingbird, Tyrannus couchii *
- Cassin's Kingbird, Tyrannus vociferans
- Thick-billed Kingbird, Tyrannus crassirostris *
- Western Kingbird, Tyrannus verticalis
- Eastern Kingbird, Tyrannus tyrannus
- Scissor-tailed Flycatcher, Tyrannus forficatus
- Fork-tailed Flycatcher, Tyrannus savana *
[edit] Shrikes
Order: Passeriformes Family: Laniidae
Shrikes are passerine birds known for their habit of catching other birds and small animals and impaling the uneaten portions of their bodies on thorns. A typical shrike's beak is hooked, like a bird of prey. There are 31 species world wide, 3 North American species, and 3 Californian species.
- Brown Shrike, Lanius cristatus *
- Loggerhead Shrike, Lanius ludovicianus
- Northern Shrike, Lanius excubitor
[edit] Vireos
Order: Passeriformes Family: Vireonidae
The vireos are a group of small to medium sized passerine birds restricted to the New World. They are typically greenish in colour and resemble wood warblers apart from their heavier bills. There are 52 species world wide, 16 North American species, and 12 Californian species.
- White-eyed Vireo, Vireo griseus *
- Bell's Vireo, Vireo bellii
- Gray Vireo, Vireo vicinior
- Yellow-throated Vireo, Vireo flavifrons *
- Plumbeous Vireo, Vireo plumbeus
- Cassin's Vireo, Vireo cassinii
- Blue-headed Vireo, Vireo solitarius *
- Hutton's Vireo, Vireo huttoni
- Warbling Vireo, Vireo gilvus
- Philadelphia Vireo, Vireo philadelphicus
- Red-eyed Vireo, Vireo olivaceus
- Yellow-green Vireo, Vireo flavoviridis *
[edit] Jays, Crows, Magpies, and Ravens
Order: Passeriformes Family: Corvidae
The Corvidae family includes crows, ravens, jays, choughs, magpies, treepies, nutcrackers, and ground jays. Corvids are above average in size for the bird order Passeriformes. Some of the larger species show levels of learned behavior of a high degree. There are 120 species world wide, 21 North American species, and 11 Californian species.
- Gray Jay, Perisoreus canadensis
- Steller's Jay, Cyanocitta stelleri
- Blue Jay, Cyanocitta cristata *
- Island Scrub Jay, Aphelocoma insularis
- Western Scrub Jay, Aphelocoma californica
- Pinyon Jay, Gymnorhinus cyanocephalus
- Clark's Nutcracker, Nucifraga columbiana
- Black-billed Magpie, Pica hudsonia
- Yellow-billed Magpie, Pica nuttalli
- American Crow, Corvus brachyrhynchos
- Common Raven, Corvus corax
[edit] Larks
Order: Passeriformes Family: Alaudidae
Larks are small terrestrial birds with often extravagant songs and display flights. Most larks are fairly dull in appearance. Their food is insects and seeds. There are 91 species world wide, 2 North American species, and 2 Californian species.
- Sky Lark, Alauda arvensis *
- Horned Lark, Eremophila alpestris
[edit] Swallows and Martins
Order: Passeriformes Family: Hirundinidae
The Hirundinidae family is a group of passerines characterised by their adaptation to aerial feeding. Their adaptations include a slender streamlined body, long pointed wings and short bills with wide gape. The feet are designed for perching rather than walking, and the front toes are partially joined at the base. There are 75 species world wide, 14 North American species, and 8 Californian species.
- Purple Martin, Progne subis
- Tree Swallow, Tachycineta bicolor
- Violet-green Swallow, Tachycineta thalassina
- Northern Rough-winged Swallow, Stelgidopteryx serripennis
- Bank Swallow, Riparia riparia
- Cliff Swallow, Petrochelidon pyrrhonota
- Cave Swallow, Petrochelidon fulva *
- Barn Swallow, Hirundo rustica
[edit] Chickadees and Titmice
Order: Passeriformes Family: Paridae
The Paridae are mainly small stocky woodland species with short stout bills. Some have crests. They are adaptable birds, with a mixed diet including seeds and insects. There are species 59 world wide, 12 North American species, and 5 Californian species.
- Black-capped Chickadee, Poecile atricapilla
- Mountain Chickadee, Poecile gambeli
- Chestnut-backed Chickadee, Poecile rufescens
- Oak Titmouse, Baeolophus inornatus
- Juniper Titmouse, Baeolophus ridgwayi
[edit] Verdin
Order: Passeriformes Family: Remizidae
- Verdin, Auriparus flaviceps
[edit] Bushtits
Order: Passeriformes Family: Aegithalidae
- Bushtit, Psaltriparus minimus
[edit] Nuthatches
Order: Passeriformes Family: Sittidae
Nuthatches are small woodland birds. They have the unusual ability to climb down trees head first, unlike other birds which can only go upwards. Nuthatches have big heads, short tails and powerful bills and feet. There are 24 species world wide, 4 North American species, and 3 Californian species.
- Red-breasted Nuthatch, Sitta canadensis
- White-breasted Nuthatch, Sitta carolinensis
- Pygmy Nuthatch, Sitta pygmaea
[edit] Treecreepers
Order: Passeriformes Family: Certhiidae
Treecreepers are small woodland birds, brown above and white below. They have thin pointed down-curved bills, which they use to extricate insects from bark. They have stiff tail feathers, like woodpeckers, which they use to support themselves on vertical trees. There are 6 species world wide, 1 North American species, and 1 Californian species.
- Brown Creeper, Certhia americana
[edit] Wrens
Order: Passeriformes Family: Troglodytidae
Wrens are small and inconspicuous birds, except for their loud songs. They have short wings and a thin down-turned bill. Several species often hold their tails upright. All are insectivorous. There are 79 species world wide and 9 North American species, and 8 Californian species.
- Cactus Wren, Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus
- Rock Wren, Salpinctes obsoletus
- Canyon Wren, Catherpes mexicanus
- Bewick's Wren, Thryomanes bewickii
- House Wren, Troglodytes aedon
- Winter Wren, Troglodytes troglodytes
- Sedge Wren, Cistothorus platensis *
- Marsh Wren, Cistothorus palustris
[edit] Dippers
Order: Passeriformes Family: Cinclidae
- American Dipper, Cinclus mexicanus
[edit] Kinglets
Order: Passeriformes Family: Regulidae
The kinglets are a small family of birds which resemble the titmice. They are very small insectivorous birds in the genus Regulus. The adults have coloured crowns, giving rise to their name. There are 5 species world wide, 2 North American species, and 2 Californian species.
- Golden-crowned Kinglet, Regulus satrapa
- Ruby-crowned Kinglet, Regulus calendula
[edit] Old World warblers and Gnatcatchers
Order: Passeriformes Family: Sylviidae
The family Sylviidae is a group of small insectivorous passerine birds. The Sylviidae mainly occur as breeding species, as the common name implies, in Europe, Asia and, to a lesser extent Africa. Most are of generally undistinguished appearance, but many have distinctive songs. There are about 300 species world wide, 12 North American Species, and 6 Californian species.
- Lanceolated Warbler, Locustella lanceolata *
- Dusky Warbler, Phylloscopus fuscatus *
- Arctic Warbler, Phylloscopus borealis *
- Blue-gray Gnatcatcher, Polioptila caerulea
- California Gnatcatcher, Polioptila californica
- Black-tailed Gnatcatcher, Polioptila melanura
[edit] Thrushes
Order: Passeriformes Family: Turdidae
The Thrushes are a group of passerine birds that occur mainly but not exclusively in the Old World. They are plump, soft plumaged, small to medium sized insectivores or sometimes omnivores, often feeding on the ground. Many have attractive songs. There are 335 species world wide, 28 North American species, and 15 Californian species.
- Red-flanked Bluetail, Tarsiger cyanurus *
- Northern Wheatear, Oenanthe oenanthe *
- Stonechat, Saxicola torquata *
- Western Bluebird, Sialia mexicana
- Mountain Bluebird, Sialia currucoides
- Townsend's Solitaire, Myadestes townsendi
- Veery, Catharus fuscescens *
- Gray-cheeked Thrush, Catharus minimus *
- Swainson's Thrush, Catharus ustulatus
- Hermit Thrush, Catharus guttatus
- Wood Thrush, Hylocichla mustelina *
- Eyebrowed Thrush, Turdus obscurus *
- Rufous-backed Robin, Turdus rufopalliatus *
- American Robin, Turdus migratorius
- Varied Thrush, Ixoreus naevius
[edit] Babblers
Order: Passeriformes Family: Timaliidae
- Wrentit, Chamaea fasciata
[edit] Mockingbirds and Thrashers
Order: Passeriformes Family: Mimidae
The Mimids are a family of passerine birds that includes thrashers, mockingbirds, tremblers, and the New World catbirds. These birds are notable for their vocalization, especially their remarkable ability to mimic a wide variety of birds and other sounds heard outdoors. The species tend towards dull grays and browns in their appearance. There are 35 species world wide, 13 North American species, and 9 Californian species.
- Gray Catbird, Dumetella carolinensis
- Northern Mockingbird, Mimus polyglottos
- Sage Thrasher, Oreoscoptes montanus
- Brown Thrasher, Toxostoma rufum
- Bendire's Thrasher, Toxostoma bendirei
- Curve-billed Thrasher, Toxostoma curvirostre *
- California Thrasher, Toxostoma redivivum
- Crissal Thrasher, Toxostoma crissale
- Le Conte's Thrasher, Toxostoma lecontei
[edit] Starlings
Order: Passeriformes Family: Sturnidae
Starlings are small to medium-sized Old World passerine birds with strong feet. Their flight is strong and direct, and most are very gregarious. Their preferred habitat is fairly open country, and they eat insects and fruit. The plumage of several species is dark with a metallic sheen. There are 125 species, of which one has been introduced to North America and California.
- European Starling, Sturnus vulgaris (I)
[edit] Wagtails and Pipits
Order: Passeriformes Family: Motacillidae
The Motacillidae are a family of small passerine birds with medium to long tails. They include the wagtails, longclaws and pipits. They are slender, ground feeding insectivores of open country. There are 54 species world wide, 11 North American species, and 7 Californian species.
- Eastern Yellow Wagtail, Motacilla tschutschensis *
- Grey Wagtail, Motacilla cinerea *
- White Wagtail, Motacilla alba *
- Olive-backed Pipit, Anthus hodgsoni *
- Red-throated Pipit, Anthus cervinus
- American Pipit, Anthus rubescens
- Sprague's Pipit, Anthus spragueii *
[edit] Waxwings
Order: Passeriformes Family: Bombycillidae
The waxwings are a group of passerine birds characterised by soft silky plumage and unique red tips to some of the wing feathers. In the Bohemian and Cedar Waxwings, these tips look like sealing wax, and give the group its name. These are arboreal birds of northern forests. They live on insects in summer and berries in winter. There are three species world wide, 2 North American species, and 2 Californian species.
- Bohemian Waxwing, Bombycilla garrulus
- Cedar Waxwing, Bombycilla cedrorum
[edit] Silky-flycatchers
Order: Passeriformes Family: Ptilogonatidae
- Phainopepla, Phainopepla nitens
[edit] Wood-warblers
Order: Passeriformes Family: Parulidae
The Wood Warblers are a group of small often colourful passerine birds restricted to the New World. Most are arboreal, but some like are more terrestrial. Most members of this family are insectivores. There are 119 species world wide, 57 North American species, and 46 Californian species.
- Blue-winged Warbler, Vermivora pinus *
- Golden-winged Warbler, Vermivora chrysoptera *
- Tennessee Warbler, Vermivora peregrina
- Orange-crowned Warbler, Vermivora celata
- Nashville Warbler, Vermivora ruficapilla
- Virginia's Warbler, Vermivora virginiae
- Lucy's Warbler, Vermivora luciae
- Northern Parula, Parula americana
- Yellow Warbler, Dendroica petechia
- Chestnut-sided Warbler, Dendroica pensylvanica
- Magnolia Warbler, Dendroica magnolia
- Cape May Warbler, Dendroica tigrina
- Black-throated Blue Warbler, Dendroica caerulescens
- Yellow-rumped Warbler, Dendroica coronata
- Black-throated Gray Warbler, Dendroica nigrescens
- Golden-cheeked Warbler, Dendroica chrysoparia *
- Black-throated Green Warbler, Dendroica virens
- Townsend's Warbler, Dendroica townsendi
- Hermit Warbler, Dendroica occidentalis
- Blackburnian Warbler, Dendroica fusca
- Yellow-throated Warbler, Dendroica dominica *
- Grace's Warbler, Dendroica graciae *
- Pine Warbler, Dendroica pinus *
- Prairie Warbler, Dendroica discolor
- Palm Warbler, Dendroica palmarum
- Bay-breasted Warbler, Dendroica castanea
- Blackpoll Warbler, Dendroica striata
- Cerulean Warbler, Dendroica cerulea *
- Black-and-white Warbler, Mniotilta varia
- American Redstart, Setophaga ruticilla
- Prothonotary Warbler, Protonotaria citrea
- Worm-eating Warbler, Helmitheros vermivorus *
- Ovenbird, Seiurus aurocapilla
- Northern Waterthrush, Seiurus noveboracensis
- Louisiana Waterthrush, Seiurus motacilla *
- Kentucky Warbler, Oporornis formosus
- Connecticut Warbler, Oporornis agilis *
- Mourning Warbler, Oporornis philadelphia *
- MacGillivray's Warbler, Oporornis tolmiei
- Common Yellowthroat, Geothlypis trichas
- Hooded Warbler, Wilsonia citrina
- Wilson's Warbler, Wilsonia pusilla
- Canada Warbler, Wilsonia canadensis
- Red-faced Warbler, Cardellina rubrifrons *
- Painted Redstart, Myioborus pictus
- Yellow-breasted Chat, Icteria virens
[edit] Tanagers
Order: Passeriformes Family: Thraupidae
The tanagers are a large group of small to medium-sized passerine birds restricted to the New World, mainly in the tropics. Many species are brightly coloured. They are seedeaters, but their preference tends towards fruit and nectar. Most have short, rounded wings. There are 256 species world wide, 6 North American species, and 4 Californian species.
- Hepatic Tanager, Piranga flava
- Summer Tanager, Piranga rubra
- Scarlet Tanager, Piranga olivacea *
- Western Tanager, Piranga ludoviciana
[edit] American sparrows, Towhees, Juncos, and Longspurs
Order: Passeriformes Family: Emberizidae
The Emberizidae are a large family of passerine birds. They are seed-eating birds with a distinctively shaped bill. In Europe, most species are named as buntings. In North America, most of the species in this family are known as Sparrows, but these birds are not closely related to the Old World sparrows which are in the family Passeridae. Many emberizid species have distinctive head patterns. There are species 275 world wide, 60 North American species, and 38 Californian species.
- Green-tailed Towhee, Pipilo chlorurus
- Spotted Towhee, Pipilo maculatus
- California Towhee, Pipilo crissalis
- Abert's Towhee, Pipilo aberti
- Cassin's Sparrow, Aimophila cassinii *
- Rufous-crowned Sparrow, Aimophila ruficeps
- American Tree Sparrow, Spizella arborea
- Chipping Sparrow, Spizella passerina
- Clay-colored Sparrow, Spizella pallida
- Brewer's Sparrow, Spizella breweri
- Field Sparrow, Spizella pusilla *
- Black-chinned Sparrow, Spizella atrogularis
- Vesper Sparrow, Pooecetes gramineus
- Lark Sparrow, Chondestes grammacus
- Black-throated Sparrow, Amphispiza bilineata
- Sage Sparrow, Amphispiza belli
- Lark Bunting, Calamospiza melanocorys
- Savannah Sparrow, Passerculus sandwichensis
- Grasshopper Sparrow, Ammodramus savannarum
- Baird's Sparrow, Ammodramus bairdii *
- Le Conte's Sparrow, Ammodramus leconteii *
- Nelson's Sharp-tailed Sparrow, Ammodramus nelsoni
- Fox Sparrow, Passerella iliaca
- Song Sparrow, Melospiza melodia
- Lincoln's Sparrow, Melospiza lincolnii
- Swamp Sparrow, Melospiza georgiana
- White-throated Sparrow, Zonotrichia albicollis
- Harris's Sparrow, Zonotrichia querula
- White-crowned Sparrow, Zonotrichia leucophrys
- Golden-crowned Sparrow, Zonotrichia atricapilla
- Dark-eyed Junco, Junco hyemalis
- McCown's Longspur, Calcarius mccownii
- Lapland Longspur, Calcarius lapponicus
- Smith's Longspur, Calcarius pictus *
- Chestnut-collared Longspur, Calcarius ornatus
- Little Bunting, Emberiza pusilla *
- Rustic Bunting, Emberiza rustica *
- Snow Bunting, Plectrophenax nivalis *
[edit] Cardinals, Saltators, and Grosbeaks
Order: Passeriformes Family: Cardinalidae
The Cardinals are a family of passerine birds that are robust, seed-eating birds, with strong bills. They are typically associated with open woodland. The sexes usually have distinct plumages. There are 43 species world wide, 13 North American species, and 10 Californian species.
- Northern Cardinal, Cardinalis cardinalis
- Pyrrhuloxia, Cardinalis sinuatus *
- Rose-breasted Grosbeak, Pheucticus ludovicianus
- Black-headed Grosbeak, Pheucticus melanocephalus
- Blue Grosbeak, Passerina caerulea
- Lazuli Bunting, Passerina amoena
- Indigo Bunting, Passerina cyanea
- Varied Bunting, Passerina versicolor *
- Painted Bunting, Passerina ciris
- Dickcissel, Spiza americana
[edit] Blackbirds, Meadowlarks, Cowbirds, Grackles, and Orioles
Order: Passeriformes Family: Icteridae
The Icterids are a group of small to medium, often colourful passerine birds restricted to the New World and include the grackles, New World blackbirds, and New World orioles. Most species have black as a predominant plumage colour, often enlivened by yellow, orange or red. There are 98 species world wide, 25 North American Species, and 17 Californian species.
- Bobolink, Dolichonyx oryzivorus
- Red-winged Blackbird, Agelaius phoeniceus
- Tricolored Blackbird, Agelaius tricolor
- Western Meadowlark, Sturnella neglecta
- Yellow-headed Blackbird, Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus
- Rusty Blackbird, Euphagus carolinus *
- Brewer's Blackbird, Euphagus cyanocephalus
- Common Grackle, Quiscalus quiscula *
- Great-tailed Grackle, Quiscalus mexicanus
- Bronzed Cowbird, Molothrus aeneus
- Brown-headed Cowbird, Molothrus ater
- Orchard Oriole, Icterus spurius
- Hooded Oriole, Icterus cucullatus
- Streak-backed Oriole, Icterus pustulatus *
- Bullock's Oriole, Icterus bullockii
- Baltimore Oriole, Icterus galbula
- Scott's Oriole, Icterus parisorum
[edit] Finches
Order: Passeriformes Family: Fringillidae
Finches are seed-eating passerine birds, that are small to moderately large and have a strong beak, usually conical and in some species very large. All have 12 tail feathers and 9 primaries. These birds have a bouncing flight with alternating bouts of flapping and gliding on closed wings, and most sing well. There are 137 species world wide, 23 North American species, and 15 Californian species.
- Brambling, Fringilla montifringilla *
- Gray-crowned Rosy-Finch, Leucosticte tephrocotis
- Black Rosy-Finch, Leucosticte atrata *
- Pine Grosbeak, Pinicola enucleator
- Purple Finch, Carpodacus purpureus
- Cassin's Finch, Carpodacus cassinii
- House Finch, Carpodacus mexicanus
- Red Crossbill, Loxia curvirostra
- White-winged Crossbill, Loxia leucoptera *
- Common Redpoll, Carduelis flammea *
- Pine Siskin, Carduelis pinus
- Lesser Goldfinch, Carduelis psaltria
- Lawrence's Goldfinch, Carduelis lawrencei
- American Goldfinch, Carduelis tristis
- Evening Grosbeak, Coccothraustes vespertinus
[edit] Old World sparrows
Order: Passeriformes Family: Passeridae
Old World sparrows are small passerine birds. In general, sparrows tend to be small plump brownish or greyish birds with short tails and short powerful beaks. Sparrows are seed-eaters, and they also consume small insects. There are 35 species world wide, 2 North American species, and 1 Californian species.
- House Sparrow, Passer domesticus (I)
[edit] See also
- List of birds
- Lists of birds by region
- Endemic birds of Hawaii
- List of bird species introduced to the Hawaiian Islands
[edit] References
- Checklist of the Birds of Hawaii
- The Check-list of North American Birds, 7th edition, 1998, published by the American Ornithologists' Union (the official source on the taxonomy of birds found in North America)
