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Grand Theft Auto (series)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The current design of the Grand Theft Auto logo. The logo has been in use in the series since Grand Theft Auto III (2001); the upcoming Grand Theft Auto IV (2007) is also adopting the same logo design at present.
The current design of the Grand Theft Auto logo. The logo has been in use in the series since Grand Theft Auto III (2001); the upcoming Grand Theft Auto IV (2007) is also adopting the same logo design at present.

Grand Theft Auto (GTA) is a video game series created and primarily developed by Scottish developer Rockstar North (formerly DMA Design), published by Rockstar Games and debuted in 1998. It includes seven stand-alone games and two expansion packs for the original, GTA: London 1969 and GTA: London 1961. Grand Theft Auto III and subsequent games in the series have been best-selling blockbusters which have also gained critical acclaim, including several game of the year awards from various sources. In addition, the series has emerged as being so popular and profitable that a long list of Hollywood stars have lent their voices to the games. Gangster film veterans such as Michael Madsen, Samuel L. Jackson, James Woods, Joe Pantoliano, Frank Vincent, Robert Loggia and Ray Liotta have all voiced major characters. The names of the series and its games are derived from "grand theft auto", a term referring to motor vehicle theft.

Contents

[edit] Series overview

The games allow the player to take on the role of a criminal in a big city, typically a lowly individual who rises in the ranks of organized crime over the course of the game. Various missions are set for completion by the figureheads of the city underworld, generally criminal, which must be completed to progress through the storyline. Bank robberies, assassinations and other crimes feature regularly, but occasionally taxi driving, firefighting, pimping, street racing, or learning to fly an airplane are also involved as alternate adventures, which can be done at any time during the game, with the exception of the periods performing main missions.

In later titles, notably those released after Grand Theft Auto 2, the player is given a more in depth storyline, in which they are forced to overcome an event where they are either backstabbed and left for dead by someone they know, or experienced an unfortunate event. This served as a motivation for the character to advance in the criminal ladder, and eventually leads to the triumph of the character by the end of the storyline.

The Grand Theft Auto series is notable for the large amount of freedom given to the player in deciding what to do and how to do it through different methods of transport and weapons. Unlike most action games, which are structured as a single track series of levels with linear gameplay, in GTA the player can pick and choose which missions they want to undertake, and their relationships with various powers are changed based on these choices. The vast cities of the games can also be roamed freely at any point in the game, offering many accessible buildings and minor missions. There are exceptions: Missions follow a linear, overarching plot, and some city areas must be unlocked over the course of the game.

Grand Theft Auto III and subsequent games have been notable for their storylines, high quality of voice acting, and "radio stations," which simulate driving to music with satirizing DJs, radio personalities, commercials, talk radio, popular music, and American culture. All of this is seamlessly integrated in the realistic setting of a dysfunctional urban environment which parodies a real-life city. Players also often cite the music and humor of the series in explaining its appeal.

The game's influence on teenagers and adults alike has created a "cult" scene of GTA fans that see past the merits of the game itself and appreciate the retro feel and the good-old-days vibe the game emanates. People remember or imagine the time the games are set in and can enjoy the music, the atmosphere, the fashion, the slang and the cities from their favorite decade, such as the 1980s or early 1990s.

The use of vehicles in an explorable urban environment provides a basic simulation of a working city, complete with pedestrians who obey traffic signals. Further details are used to flesh out an open-ended atmosphere that has been used in several other games, such as The Simpsons Hit & Run and the True Crime series, which have less emphasis on crime or violence. Some compare this to open-ended RPGs such as The Elder Scrolls series, and foresee action games using a similar design.

The series has courted a great deal of controversy since the release of Grand Theft Auto III. This criticism stems from the focus on illegal activities, in comparison with "hero" roles that most other games offer. The main character can commit a wide variety of crimes and violent acts while dealing with only temporary consequences, including the killing of policemen and military personnel. Opponents believe that players will try to emulate this behavior, while proponents believe it provides an emotional outlet, as such actions in real life would have serious consequences. For specific incidents, see the individual game articles.

[edit] History

The original Grand Theft Auto (PC version)
The original Grand Theft Auto (PC version)
Grand Theft Auto 2 (PC version)
Grand Theft Auto 2 (PC version)
Grand Theft Auto III, the first game in the series which immersed players in a truly 3D environment
Grand Theft Auto III, the first game in the series which immersed players in a truly 3D environment

The Grand Theft Auto series may be divided into eras, based on the inclusion of a numbering after the recognizable title name (e.g. Grand Theft Auto III) after the original Grand Theft Auto's release, and to a certain extent, the type of graphics engine used. For further information on each title, see their respective articles.

[edit] Grand Theft Auto 1 series

The first title in the series, Grand Theft Auto, appeared on the PC and PlayStation in 1997/1998[1] as well as a reduced Game Boy Color port, and subsequently two expansion packs were offered:

  • Grand Theft Auto: London, 1961 (1999), another expansion pack of Grand Theft Auto: London, 1969, with missions taking place in 1961 London. London, 1961 is a free PC download.

[edit] Grand Theft Auto 2 series

Grand Theft Auto 2 for the PC, PlayStation and Dreamcast, was released in 1999. Set in the unconfirmed future,[2] it featured updated graphics and somewhat different gameplay based upon the player's appeal to various criminal organizations. A reduced Game Boy Color port was also produced.

[edit] Grand Theft Auto III series

  • Grand Theft Auto III (2001), set in fictional Liberty City (based on New York City) during the release of the game (October 2001),[3] brought a third-person view to the series, rather than the traditional top-down view of earlier titles (although the view is still made available as an optional camera angle). Graphics were also updated with a new 3D game engine. While not the first of its kind, the gameplay engine had expanded the explorable world of GTA III, doing away with a traditional game structure where the player faces a "boss" at the end of the level and moves onto a new level, opting instead for more realistic mission-based approach. Multiplayer was discarded (third party mods were later released, allowing for multiplayer gameplay) but GTA III improved in many other areas such as voice-acting and storyline (before, there was speech only in short animated cut scenes between levels, other communication was simply subtitles running on the bottom of the screen). Pop culture also is cemented into GTA III, drawing many aspects and ideas from popular films and shows such as Scarface, Goodfellas, and The Sopranos.

Grand Theft Auto III sold very well and became the first blockbuster game in the series, setting the precedent for subsequent GTA titles to be very successful. GTA III also attracted heavy criticism for its violence against police and its indifference to innocent bystanders, making future games in the GTA series synonymous with violence. Following the success of GTA III, the following titles released are stand-alone sequels (though all take place before GTA III chronologically):

  • Grand Theft Auto: Vice City (2002), set in 1986 in Vice City (based on Miami). Influences for the game include movies such as Scarface, Carlito's Way and the TV series Miami Vice. In fact, the entire basic storyline of the game is an homage to Scarface, including the climactic gun-fight in the main character's mansion at the end.
  • Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas (2004), set in 1992 in the fictional state of San Andreas (based on California and Nevada, specifically Los Angeles, San Francisco, and Las Vegas), inspiration comes from movies such as Boyz N the Hood and Menace II Society, and early 90s west coast gangsta rap culture and groups such as N.W.A..
    • San Andreas expanded on previous RPG elements, adding the ability to dress the player's character, exercise, and tattoo him. These elements also have an effect on gameplay as other characters would comment on the player character's physique or clothes. The character could also swim.
    • San Andreas also attracted controversy when a sex minigame that was cut from the game, but remaining in the game code, was discovered in both the console and PC versions of the game (See Hot Coffee mod). As a result, GTA: San Andreas was pulled from a number of retail outlets and was re-rated from "M" (Mature) to "AO" (Adults Only) by the Entertainment Software Rating Board (ESRB); the first game in the series to be given an AO rating. Rockstar has since released an edited version of the game for the PC, Xbox, and PlayStation 2, and has reclaimed the "M" rating.
  • Grand Theft Auto Advance (2004), originally intended to be a topdown conversion of GTA III for the Game Boy Advance, it ended up becoming its own completely original adventure, set roughly a year before GTA III.
  • Grand Theft Auto: Vice City Stories (2006), the second PlayStation Portable game, was released on October 31, 2006 and set in 1984 Vice City. A PlayStation 2 port was released by Rockstar on March 6, 2007.

Rockstar North has also developed the controversial Manhunt video game (2003), which is set in Carcer City, a city within GTA III canon.

[edit] Grand Theft Auto IV series

Grand Theft Auto IV (screenshot taken from the end of official trailer)
Grand Theft Auto IV (screenshot taken from the end of official trailer)

The next installment of the series, Grand Theft Auto IV (GTA IV), is slated to be released on 16 October 2007, in North America, for the PlayStation 3 and the Xbox 360 (along with the possibility of Wii and PC versions[4]), the first Grand Theft Auto to be released simultaneously on the PlayStation and Xbox platforms. The Xbox 360 version of the game has been indicated to obtain its own exclusive downloadable episodic content via Xbox Live. The only other information released by Rockstar has been regarding GTA IV's game engine, which will be the Rockstar Advanced Game Engine (a.k.a. RAGE) used in Rockstar Games presents Table Tennis.

The first GTA IV trailer was released for public viewing on 29 March 2007. The trailer hints that the game will once again take place in Liberty City (although it has been completely redesigned and more closely resembles New York City than previous renditions), and appears to have a protagonist of Eastern European descent who has engaged in human trafficking. This resumes the theme of ethnic gangs featured in the series, having already covered Italian gangs, Hispanic gangs, and African American gangs. GTA IV is supposedly set in present time.[citation needed]

[edit] GTA locations

[edit] Cities and states

Fictional

Non-fictional

[edit] Towns in the state of San Andreas (in GTA:SA)

  • Dillimore, San Andreas (Red County)
  • Palomino Creek, San Andreas (Red County)
  • Montgomery, San Andreas (Red County)
  • Blueberry, San Andreas (Red County)
  • Angel Pine, San Andreas (Whetstone)
  • Bayside, San Andreas (Tierra Robada)
  • El Quebrados, San Andreas (Tierra Robada)
  • Las Barrancas, San Andreas (Tierra Robada)
  • Las Payasadas, San Andreas (Bone County)
  • Fort Carson, San Andreas (Bone County)

Ghost Towns

  • Aldea Malvada, San Andreas (Tierra Robada)
  • Las Brujas, San Andreas (Bone County)

[edit] Characters

[edit] Protagonists

  • Claude Speed - The name of the Grand Theft Auto 2 character, as revealed by the FMV introduction's credits.
  • Claude - The nameless protagonist from Grand Theft Auto III. In San Andreas a phone call upon completion of the game reveals his first name is in fact Claude. In GTA III, he is only referred to by nicknames Fido and (The) Kid. Since the release of San Andreas many players speculate that Claude is Claude Speed, the protagonist in GTA2, though this is unknown.
  • Tommy Vercetti - Grand Theft Auto: Vice City
  • Carl "CJ" Johnson - Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas
  • Mike - Grand Theft Auto Advance
  • Toni Cipriani - Grand Theft Auto: Liberty City Stories
  • Victor Vance - Grand Theft Auto: Vice City Stories
  • Unnamed Protagonist - Grand Theft Auto IV

[edit] Others

[edit] Similar games

Main article: GTA clone

Because of the success of the Grand Theft Auto series, notably Grand Theft Auto III and subsequent games, several other developers have attempted to replicate GTA's driving/shooting formula and open-ended sandbox play. Notable games that are often seen as doing so include:

Billboard in GTA: San Andreas mocking True Crime: Streets of LA.
Billboard in GTA: San Andreas mocking True Crime: Streets of LA.

As a result of such similarities, Rockstar has placed several Easter eggs to mock the competition. In GTA III, there was a mission called "Two Faced Tanner" in which players were required to kill a "strangely animated" undercover cop who was "useless out of his car" (they even went so far as to give the pseudo Tanner a female's walking animation).

In GTA: Vice City, during the mission "Autocide", the targets that the player must kill are subtle references to the main characters of Driver 2 (Dick Tanner, after Tanner), The Getaway (Marcus Hammond and Franco Carter, after Mark Hammond and Frank Carter), and True Crime: Streets of LA (Nick Kong, after Nick Kang Wilson). DRIV3R responded by sticking floatie-wearing characters named Timmy Vermicellis, after the protagonist of Vice City, Tommy Vercetti, since no one in the GTA series could swim before GTA: San Andreas.

In San Andreas, while breaking into Madd Dogg's mansion, players will see a man playing a video game and making fun of the way the main character walks stating "How could Refractions ([a parody of Reflections Interactive)] mess up so bad? Tanner, you suck ass!!" (Tanner's walking animations were often criticized). Another San Andreas Easter egg mocks True Crime, which was depicted on several billboards in the city of Los Santos.

Rockstar also took a swing at Project Gotham Racing, with a poster in Vice City (located in the parking garage of the car dealership, owned by the player) that reads "Make cash, not Kudos"

[edit] Trivia

  • A similar arcade game called A.P.B. predates the Grand Theft Auto series by eleven years, sporting a top-down perspective used in earlier GTA games. However, the objectives of the game is entirely reversed in that the player take on the role of a police officer tasked to pursue and arrest lawbreakers, all while the game attempts to discourage the player from breaking the law themselves (colliding with other vehicles or running over pedestrians, etc.)
  • The TrueType font used for the "Grand Theft Auto" title text since Grand Theft Auto III is called "Pricedown". The font also bears striking resemblance to the title sequence of the 1972-to-present game show The Price Is Right — the font could be inspired by the show.
    • Ray Larabie is credited for creating the Pricedown font and naming it in 1998 [2], before Rockstar adopted it for GTA III's title design and interface. It is also worth noting that Larabie was promoted as the art director for Rockstar Games in Toronto during the mid-1990s.[3]
    • The similarity of both font designs for the game show and the video game led MADtv to produce a 2003 sketch, where a game show "Grand Theft Auto" featured a The Price Is Right-like set with contestants killing each other with GTA-style weaponry.
  • Head Radio, an in-game radio station originating from the original Grand Theft Auto, made repeated appearances in following GTA titles, including GTA 2, GTA III and GTA: Liberty City Stories. The original Grand Theft Auto depicted the station playing a variety of music genres, while sequel renditions are depicted specifically playing modern pop and rock music.
  • The entire series notably lacks animals in gameplay, with no dogs in the streets or horses as mounts or vehicles, for example. This is to avoid animal cruelty controversies and negative reaction from animal rights groups such as People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals.[verification needed] An exception to the no-animal rule are birds, which are featured in the London expansion packs, GTA: Vice City and GTA: San Andreas. They could only be killed in London and Vice City (the latter possible by using a sniper rifle to "kill" flying birds), while passing birds in San Andreas are not interactive with the player. Marine life (i.e. turtles, dolphins and jellyfishes), which are not immersive towards the player, are also present in Vice City and San Andreas.
    • Similarly, the entire series also lacks minors such as children to avoid violence against underage individiuals. However, childrens do exist on radio stations, notably the Degenatron video game advertisement in Vice City and the Glory Hole Theme Park advertisement in San Andreas.

[edit] References in popular culture

  • In the last episode of the second series of Swiss Toni, Swiss gets addicted to Vice City and, after some intense playing, has trouble telling real life from his virtual life. The fact that players can kill and rob a prostitute after sex in Vice City is also mentioned in the episode - and even encouraged by Swiss's co-worker.
  • Dave Chappelle did an "If Grand Theft Auto was real life" sketch in his show, where he leaves for work, pulls out the driver of a passing car, switches weapons by having them appear in his hands out of midair, kills the driver after the driver shoots him (slowly depleting Chappelle's health with each shot), sees the driver's body vanish, and drives away in the stolen vehicle. After Dave enters the car, the name of the vehicle is displayed with a generic make, in GTA fashion (In the sketch, "Toyola" is displayed instead of the name of the depicted Toyota). The HUD that appears onscreen is based on the HUD in Vice City. The sketch mostly parodies some of the unrealistic gameplay mechanics in the series.
  • Dave Chappelle also produced another skit, dubbed "The New Tupac," in which a "new" Tupac song is played in a club (10 years or so after Tupac's death). Tupac raps of things that have happened recently, including a reference to San Andreas player character, Carl "CJ" Johnson: "Your crew don't phase us / We'll make you busters pay us / Run up on your spot like CJ from San Andreas".
  • An episode of the television series CSI: Miami featured a gang of young criminals who based their crimes on a fictional game intentionally similar to Grand Theft Auto, named Urban Hellraisers. The game's box and logo are extremely similar to those of the later Grand Theft Autos, and the episode's plot acts out the claims of Grand Theft Auto's critics that such games inspire violent behavior in young people. This of course, caught the attention of many gamers, as the episode had anti-gamer rhetoric and slander, with an over the top plot.
  • In the pilot episode of The O.C., Seth references the franchise by alluding to its ability to "steal cars and stuff - it's pretty cool".
  • An episode of the television series Killer Instinct followed a similar storyline in the episode "Game Over."
  • Guru, one half of rap duo Gang Starr and the voice actor of 8-Ball in GTA III and GTA: Liberty City Stories, shouts out to his character in the games in an early episode of the Kung Faux television series, in which he also performs as a key voice over artist for the show.
  • Max Payne 2: The Fall of Max Payne features an Easter egg that activates a scene reminiscent of the top-down versions of the GTA series (although it also borrows elements from modern GTA games), in which a pedestrian is shot dead in a drive-by shooting, from which the killer emerges from his car to steal all of the dead man's money and drives away.
  • In the 2003 comedy film Malibu's Most Wanted, the lead character B-rad (played by Jamie Kennedy) shoots at cars and people during one scene aggressively. When asked where he learned to do that, he replies "Grand Theft Auto III".
  • An episode of Law & Order depicts teenagers committing a GTA-like crime. A similar looking game is used in the show to depict a gruesome hit-and-run, and a vicious assault on a prostitute. The same teenagers also re-coded the game to depict police chasing a fellow accomplice (who would commit suicide as a result). District attorney Jack McCoy succeeded in sending them both to Rikers Island.
  • An episode of the satirical news show The Daily Show featured correspondent Samantha Bee reporting from San Andreas. A street scene from the game was displayed in the background as she discussed the reaction of San Andreas residents to video game rating debates in the United States House of Representatives. She also appeared in front of a "Vice City" screen during the same scene, however it was treated as if she was still in Los Santos. This is a reference to the re-rating of Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas in the wake of the Hot Coffee controversy.
  • The Football Factory, a 2004 film which credits Rockstar Games as its Executive Producers, sees a character playing GTA: Vice City.
  • In the 2005 film Dirty, drug lords and Canadian thugs were seen playing Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas. Ironically, Clifton Collins Jr., who played a major role in the film as Officer Armando Sancho, voiced Cesar Vialpando, a street gang member in GTA: San Andreas.
  • Coca-Cola produced a commercial which has appeared in theaters, and set in a video game. The game resembles a lot of the key elements and style of graphics as the GTA series. The protagonist begins the commercial as though he is about to commit violence but enters a store to buy Cola, pulls a driver out of a car to give him another bottle of Cola and then proceeds to do good deeds around the city while people sing and cheer him on.
  • Mike Epps portrayed a character in the film Resident Evil: Apocalypse, where he was driving around the zombie infested Raccoon City, and then runs down a zombie that walks out in front of him yelling out loud "GTA mother fucker!." After he hits the zombie, he drives off saying "10 points," a reference to the early Grand Theft Auto point system where the player is awarded money when committing specific criminal offenses (including running over pedestrians). Coincidentally, Capcom, which develops the Resident Evil series, also distributes Grand Theft Auto games in Japan.
  • In the Robot Chicken episode "Lust for Puppets", Mario and Luigi stumble into Vice City, and their antics parody the gameplay conventions of both the Mario series and the GTA series. For example, after Luigi kills a girl's pet turtle (thinking it was a Koopa Troopa), he gets one star on his "wanted" meter, attracting the attention of the police (as is customary in the GTA games). When he and Mario escape, the wanted meter increases to two stars. Also, the brothers pick up a prostitute, believing that she is Princess Peach.
  • Spike Lee's 2006 film Inside Man implicity criticizes violent video games with a scene in which a little boy plays an exaggeratedly violent game similar to GTA: San Andreas.
  • In an episode of Police Files: Unlocked, two 13 year old boys steal a car and try to imitate a GTA police car chase. They end up crashing, with the voice over commentary stating that "they should have sticked to their PlayStations, where it's safe to play Grand Theft Auto".

[edit] See also

[edit] Soundtracks

[edit] Radio station soundtracks

[edit] Official soundtrack releases

[edit] Notes and references

  1. ^ The actual release date of Grand Theft Auto is not clear. While Rockstar Games asserts in its official website that the game was released in 1997, GameSpot and IGN indicated that the game was only released on February or March 1998, respectively.
  2. ^ Grand Theft Auto 2's manual uses the phrase "three weeks into the future", and phrases such as "X weeks into the future" or "X minutes into the future" are common phrases meaning "near future"; fictional journal entries on the game's official website, however, suggest 2013 [1].
  3. ^ According to the final entry of the official Liberty Tree "online newspaper", Grand Theft Auto III is implied to be set around the first release of GTA III, specifically, October 2001.
  4. ^ Nintendo Talks GTA & Wii. Planet GTA/IGN. Retrieved on December 15, 2006.
  5. ^ Gibbs: "Karuma is Japanese for car, Ziva." / Tony: "Your description of the car is 'car'. Nice work, Officer David." / McGee: "Karuma is the name of a car in Grand Theft Auto III. It's a Chrysler Sebring sedan." / Tony: "McGeek with the save!" (NCIS, episode 4.06/"Witch Hunt" script)

[edit] External links

[edit] Official sites

[edit] General resource


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aa - ab - af - ak - als - am - an - ang - ar - arc - as - ast - av - ay - az - ba - bar - bat_smg - bcl - be - be_x_old - bg - bh - bi - bm - bn - bo - bpy - br - bs - bug - bxr - ca - cbk_zam - cdo - ce - ceb - ch - cho - chr - chy - co - cr - crh - cs - csb - cu - cv - cy - da - de - diq - dsb - dv - dz - ee - el - eml - eo - es - et - eu - ext - fa - ff - fi - fiu_vro - fj - fo - fr - frp - fur - fy - ga - gan - gd - gl - glk - gn - got - gu - gv - ha - hak - haw - he - hi - hif - ho - hr - hsb - ht - hu - hy - hz - ia - id - ie - ig - ii - ik - ilo - io - is - it - iu - ja - jbo - jv - ka - kaa - kab - kg - ki - kj - kk - kl - km - kn - ko - kr - ks - ksh - ku - kv - kw - ky - la - lad - lb - lbe - lg - li - lij - lmo - ln - lo - lt - lv - map_bms - mdf - mg - mh - mi - mk - ml - mn - mo - mr - mt - mus - my - myv - mzn - na - nah - nap - nds - nds_nl - ne - new - ng - nl - nn - no - nov - nrm - nv - ny - oc - om - or - os - pa - pag - pam - pap - pdc - pi - pih - pl - pms - ps - pt - qu - quality - rm - rmy - rn - ro - roa_rup - roa_tara - ru - rw - sa - sah - sc - scn - sco - sd - se - sg - sh - si - simple - sk - sl - sm - sn - so - sr - srn - ss - st - stq - su - sv - sw - szl - ta - te - tet - tg - th - ti - tk - tl - tlh - tn - to - tpi - tr - ts - tt - tum - tw - ty - udm - ug - uk - ur - uz - ve - vec - vi - vls - vo - wa - war - wo - wuu - xal - xh - yi - yo - za - zea - zh - zh_classical - zh_min_nan - zh_yue - zu