Alman tele

Wikipedia'dan

Alman tele (Deutsch [Doytç]) German telläre törkemenä kerä wä bügenge dönyada iñ kiñ qullanıla torğan tellärenä kerä. Awropı Berlegendä dä ul kiñ qullanıla wä räsmi telläre arasına kerä. Almança söyläşüçeläreneñ kübese Almania, Austria, Liechtenstein illärendä yäşi. Alardan tış İswiçrä, Lüxemburg, İtalianıñ Südtirol töbägendä, Çığış Belgia, Romania töbäklärendä, Fransianıñ Elsass wä Lorraine töbäklärendä dä Almança söyläşüçelär baytaq.

Alman tele (Deutsch [Doytç])
İllärdä:	Almanía, İswiçrä, Austría, wä başqa 38 ildä.
Töbäklär:	böten dönyada
Tulayım söyläşä:	120 million
Däräcä:	9
Tel ğäiläse:	Hínd-Awrupı German Batış German Biek German Alman Urta Alman Çığış Urta Alman Almança
Räsmi xälät
Räsmi tel sanala:	Almania, Liechtenstein, Austria, Belgia, İtalia, İwiçrä, Lüxemburg, Denmark, Namibia, Poland wä başqa
Küzätüdä tora:	-
Tel kodları
ISO 639-1	de
ISO 639-2	ger, deu
SIL	GER

Eçtälek tezmäse

1 Taríx
2 Törkemläw
- 2.1 Räsmi bulu
- 2.2 Cirle söylämnär
3 Sarıf
4 Yazu
5 Ímla
6 Monı da qara
7 Päräwezdä

[üzgärtü] Taríx

The dialects subject to the second Germanic sound shift during medieval times are regarded as part of the modern German language.

As a consequence of the colonization patterns, the Völkerwanderung (pronounced: ['fœlk6vand@rUN]), the routes for trade and communication (chiefly the rivers), and of physical isolation (high mountains and deep forests) very different regional dialects developed. These dialects, sometimes mutually unintelligible, were used across the Holy Roman Empire.

As Germany was divided into many different states, the only force working for a unification or standardization of German was a long process of several hundred years, in which writers tried to write and in a way, that was understood in the largest area.

When Martin Luther translated the Bible (the New Testament in 1521 and the Old Testament in 1534) he based his translation mainly on this already developed language, which was the most widely understood language at this time. In the beginning, copies of the Bible had a long list for each region, which translated words unknown in the region into the regional dialect. Roman Catholics rejected Luther's translation in the beginning and tried to create their own Catholic standard (Gemaines Deutsch). It took until the middle of the 18th century to create a standard, that was widely accepted, thus ending the period of Early New High German.

German used to be the language of commerce and government in the Habsburg Empire, which encompassed a large area of Central and Eastern Europe. Until the mid-nineteenth century it was essentially the language of townspeople throughout most of the Empire. It indicated that the speaker was a merchant, an urbanite, not their nationality. Some towns, such as Prague and Budapest were gradually Germanized in the years after their incorporation into the Habsburg domain. Others, such as Bratislava (Pressburg), were originally settled during the Habsburg period and were primarily German at that time. A few towns such as Milano remained primarily non-German. However, most towns such as Prague, Budapest, Bratislava, Zagreb, and Ljubljana which later became national capitals were for the time primarily German, although they were surrounded by country that spoke other languages.

Until about 1800, Standard German was almost only a written language. In this time people in urban, northern Germany, who spoke dialects very different from Standard German learnt it almost like a foreign language and tried to pronounce it as close to the spelling as possible. Later this spoken form spread southward.

Media and written works are almost all produced in this variety of High German (usually called Standard German in English or Hochdeutsch in German), which is understood in all areas of German languages (except by pre-school children in areas which speak only dialect - but in the age of TV even they usually learn to understand Standard German before school age).

The first dictionary of the Brothers Grimm, the 16 parts of which were issued between 1852 and 1960, remains the most comprehensive guide to the words of the German language. In 1860, grammatical and orthographical rules first appeared in the Duden Handbook. In 1901, this was declared the standard definition of the German language in these matters. Official revisions of some of these rules were not issued until 1998.

[üzgärtü] Törkemläw

Alman tele German telläre ğäiläseneñ Batış törkemenä kerep, Hínd-Awrupı tellär ğäiläsenä kertelä.

[üzgärtü] Räsmi bulu

[üzgärtü] Cirle söylämnär

[üzgärtü] Sarıf

Töp mäqälä: Alman teleneñ sarıfı

[üzgärtü] Yazu

Almança yazu öçen Latínälif qullanıla. Latínäliftäge ğädäti 24 xäreftän tış, Almançada öç “umlaut” («ä», «ö», «ü») wä «ss» öçen maxsus «ß» bilgese qullanıla. Soñğı ğömerlärenä tikle Almança bastıru eşendä “qara xäreflär” wä Sütterlin qullanılğan. Latínälif xärefläreneñ bu törläre bügenge ğädäti şäkellärdän bik ayırıla wä alarnı uqu künekmägän keşegä şaqtí awır.