National Park Service
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Der National Park Service (NPS) ist eine staatliche Behörde in den Vereinigten Staaten von Amerika, deren Aufgabe die Verwaltung der Nationalparks in den USA ist. Ihr obliegt die Verantwortung für über 380 öffentliche Gebiete mit kultureller, historischer oder landschaftlich herausragender Bedeutung.
Neben den über 50 Nationalparks gehören weitere Liegenschaften wie Nationalmonumente, historische Parks, Gedenkstätten, Erholungsgebiete, Flüsse und Küstenabschnitte zum Verwaltungsbereich des National Park Service, die zusammen eine Fläche von über 83 Millionen Acres (336.000 km²) einnehmen.
Der größte Park ist der Wrangell-St.-Elias-Nationalpark in Alaska, der mit 13,2 Millionen Acres (53.000 km²) 16% der von NPS verwalteten Fläche ausmacht. Der kleinste Park ist mit etwa 80 Quadratmeter das Thaddeus Kosciuszko National Memorial in Pennsylvania.
[Bearbeiten] Geschichte und Aufgaben
Als Abteilung des US-Innenministeriums wurde der National Park Service am 25. August 1916 von US-Präsident Woodrow Wilson gegründet. Die Aufgaben des National Park Service bestehen darin, die verwalteten Orte der Öffentlichkeit zugänglich zu machen und die natürliche Landschaft und Tierwelt und historische Denkmäler für künftige Generationen zu erhalten.
Dieser Gedanke wurde zuerst 1872 mit der Eröffnung des Yellowstone-Nationalparks umgesetzt. Dabei stand ursprünglich nicht der Naturschutz im Vordergrund, sondern die Aufgabe, naturbelassene Parks zur Erholung und zum Vergnügen der Bevölkerung zu schaffen. In den letzten Jahrzehnten wurde neben dem Schutzgedanken auch die Fortbildung der Besucher immer mehr zu einem Ziel des NPS.
[Bearbeiten] Weblinks
[Bearbeiten] Listen der Schutzgebiete
Acadia · Arches · Amerikanisch-Samoa · Badlands · Big Bend · Biscayne · Black Canyon of the Gunnison · Bryce Canyon · Canyonlands · Capitol Reef · Carlsbad Caverns · Channel Islands · Congaree · Crater Lake · Cuyahoga Valley · Death Valley · Denali · Dry Tortugas · Everglades · Gates of the Arctic · Glacier · Glacier Bay · Grand Canyon · Grand Teton · Great Basin · Great Sand Dunes · Great Smoky Mountains · Guadalupe Mountains · Haleakala · Hawaii Volcanoes · Hot Springs · Isle Royale · Joshua Tree · Katmai · Kenai Fjords · Kings Canyon · Kobuk Valley · Lake Clark · Lassen Volcanic · Mammoth Cave · Mesa Verde · Mount Rainier · North Cascades · Olympic · Petrified Forest · Redwood · Rocky Mountain · Saguaro · Sequoia · Shenandoah · Theodore Roosevelt · Virgin Islands · Voyageurs · Wind Cave · Wrangell-St. Elias · Yellowstone · Yosemite · Zion
Admiralty Island | African Burial Ground | Agate Fossil Beds | Agua Fria | Alibates Flint Quarries | Aniakchak | Aztec Ruins | Bandelier | Booker T Washington | Buck Island Reef | Cabrillo | California Coastal | Canyon De Chelly | Canyons of the Ancients | Cape Krusenstern | Capulin Volcano | Carrizo Plain | Casa Grande Ruins | Cascade-Siskiyou | Castillo De San Marcos | Castle Clinton | Cedar Breaks | Chiricahua | Colorado | Craters of the Moon | Devils Postpile | Devils Tower | Dinosaur | Effigy Mounds | Ellis Island | El Malpais | El Morro | Florissant Fossil Beds | Fort Frederica | Fort Matanzas | Fort Moultrie | Fort Pulaski | Fort Stanwix | Fort Sumter | Fort Union | Fossil Butte | George Washington Birthplace | George Washington Carver | Giant Sequoia | Gila Cliff Dwellings | Governors Island | Grand Canyon-Parashant | Grand Portage | Grand Staircase-Escalante | Hagerman Fossil Beds | Hanford Reach | Hohokam Pima | Homestead | Hovenweep | Jewel Cave | Ironwood Forest | John Day Fossil Beds | Kasha-Katuwe Tent Rocks | Lava Beds | Little Bighorn Battlefield | Minidoka Internment | Misty Fjords | Montezuma Castle | Mount St. Helens | Muir Woods | Natural Bridges | Navajo | Newberry | Ocmulgee | Oregon Caves | Organ Pipe Cactus | Papahānaumokuākea | Petroglyph | Pinnacles | Pipe Spring | Pipestone | Pompeys Pillar | Poverty Point | President Lincoln and Soldiers' Home | Rainbow Bridge | Russell Cave | Salinas Pueblo Missions | Santa Rosa and San Jacinto Mountains | Scotts Bluff | Sonoran Desert | Statue Of Liberty (Freiheitsstatue) | Sunset Crater | Timpanogos Cave | Tonto | Tuzigoot | Upper Missouri River Breaks | Vermilion Cliffs | Virgin Islands Coral Reef | Walnut Canyon | White Sands | Wupatki | Yucca House
Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historic Site | Adams National Historical Park | Aleutian World War II National Historic Area | Alibates Flint Quarries National Monument | Allegheny Portage Railroad National Historic Site | American Memorial Park | Andersonville National Historic Site | Andrew Johnson National Historic Site | Antietam National Cemetery | Antietam National Battlefield | Appomattox Court House National Historical Park | Arkansas Post National Memorial | Arlington House, The Robert E. Lee Memorial | Battleground National Cemetery | Beecher Island Battleground Memorial | Bent's Old Fort National Historic Site | Big Hole National Battlefield | Blackstone River Valley National Heritage Corridor | Boston National Historical Park | Boston African American National Historic Site | Brices Cross Roads National Battlefield Site | Brown V Board Of Education National Historic Site | California National Historic Trail | Cane River National Heritage Area | Cane River Creole National Historical Park | Cape Henry National Memorial | Capt. John Smith Chesapeake National Historic Trail | Carl Sandburg Home National Historic Site | Central High School National Historic Site | Chaco Culture National Historical Park | Chamizal National Memorial | Charles Pinckney National Historic Site | Chesapeake and Ohio Canal National Historical Park | Chickamauga and Chattanooga National Military Park | Chimney Rock National Historic Site | Christiansted National Historic Site | Clara Barton National Historic Site | Colonial National Historical Park | Coronado National Memorial | Cowpens National Battlefield | Cumberland Gap National Historical Park | Dayton Aviation Heritage National Historical Park | De Soto National Memorial | Delaware and Lehigh National Heritage Corridor | Ebey's Landing National Historical Reserve | Edgar Allan Poe National Historic Site | Edison National Historic Site | Eisenhower National Historic Site | Eleanor Roosevelt National Historic Site | Eugene O'Neill National Historic Site | Father Marquette National Memorial | Federal Hall National Memorial | Ford's Theatre National Historic Site | Fort Bowie National Historic Site | Fort Caroline National Memorial | Fort Clatsop National Memorial | Fort Davis National Historic Site | Fort Donelson National Cemetery | Fort Donelson National Battlefield | Fort Laramie National Historic Site | Fort Larned National Historic Site | Fort McHenry National Monument and Historic Shrine | Fort Necessity National Battlefield | Fort Point National Historic Site | Fort Raleigh National Historic Site | Fort Scott National Historic Site | Fort Smith National Historic Site | Fort Union Trading Post National Historic Site | Fort Vancouver National Historic Site | Franklin Delano Roosevelt Memorial | Frederick Douglass National Historic Site | Frederick Law Olmsted National Historic Site | Fredericksburg National Cemetery | Fredericksburg and Spotsylvania National Military Park | Friendship Hill National Historic Site | General Grant National Memorial | George Rogers Clark National Historical Park | Gettysburg National Military Park | Gettysburg National Cemetery | Gloria Dei Church National Historic Site | Golden Spike National Historic Site | Grant-Kohrs Ranch National Historic Site | Guilford Courthouse National Military Park | Hamilton Grange National Memorial | Hampton National Historic Site | Harpers Ferry National Historical Park | Harry S Truman National Historic Site | Herbert Hoover National Historic Site | Home Of Franklin D Roosevelt National Historic Site | Homestead National Monument of America | Hopewell Culture National Historical Park | Hopewell Furnace National Historic Site | Horseshoe Bend National Military Park | Hubbell Trading Post National Historic Site | Illinois and Michigan Canal National Heritage Corridor | Independence National Historical Park | Inupiat Heritage Center | James A Garfield National Historic Site | Jean Lafitte National Historic Park and Preserve | Jefferson National Expansion Memorial (St. Louis Gateway Arch) | Jimmy Carter National Historic Site | John F Kennedy National Historic Site | John Muir National Historic Site | Johnstown Flood National Memorial | Juan Bautista De Anza National Historic Trail | Kalaupapa National Historical Park | Kaloko-Honokohau National Historical Park | Kennesaw Mountain National Battlefield Park | Keweenaw National Historical Park | Kings Mountain National Military Park | Klondike Gold Rush National Historical Park | Klondike Gold Rush - Seattle Unit National Historical Park | Knife River Indian Villages National Historic Site | Korean War Veterans Memorial | Lewis and Clark National Historic Trail | Lewis and Clark National Historical Park | Lincoln Memorial | Lincoln Boyhood National Memorial | Lincoln Home National Historic Site | Little River Canyon National Preserve | Little Rock Central High School National Historic Site | Longfellow National Historic Site | Lowell National Historical Park | Lyndon B Johnson National Historical Park | Lyndon Baines Johnson Memorial Grove on the Potomac | Maggie L Walker National Historic Site | Maine Acadian Culture | Manassas National Battlefield Park | Manzanar National Historic Site | Marsh - Billings - Rockefeller National Historical Park | Martin Luther King Jr National Historic Site | Martin Van Buren National Historic Site | Mary Mcleod Bethune Council House National Historic Site | Minute Man National Historical Park | Minuteman Missile National Historic Site | Monocacy National Battlefield | Moores Creek National Battlefield | Mormon Pioneer National Historic Trail | Morristown National Historical Park | Mount Rushmore National Memorial | Natchez National Historical Park | New Bedford Whaling National Historical Park | New Jersey Coastal Heritage Trail Route | New Orleans Jazz National Historical Park | Nez Perce National Historical Park | Nicodemus National Historic Site | Ninety Six National Historic Site | Oklahoma City National Memorial | Oregon National Historic Trail | Overmountain Victory National Historic Trail | Palo Alto Battlefield National Historic Site | Pea Ridge National Military Park | Pecos National Historical Park | Pennsylvania Avenue National Historic Site | Perry's Victory and International Peace Memorial | Petersburg National Battlefield | Pony Express National Historic Trail | Poplar Grove National Cemetery | Port Chicago Naval Magazine National Memorial | Pu'uhonua O Honaunau National Historical Park | Puukohola Heiau National Historic Site | Richmond National Battlefield Park | Roger Williams National Memorial | Sagamore Hill National Historic Site | Saint Croix Island International Historic Site | Saint Paul's Church National Historic Site | Saint-Gaudens National Historic Site | Salem Maritime National Historic Site | Salt River Bay National Historic Park and Ecological Preserve | San Antonio Missions National Historical Park | San Francisco Maritime National Historical Park | San Juan National Historic Site | San Juan Island National Historical Park | Santa Fe National Historic Trail | Saratoga National Historical Park | Saugus Iron Works National Historic Site | Selma To Montgomery National Historic Trail | Sewall-Belmont House National Historic Site | Shiloh National Military Park | Shiloh National Cemetery | Sitka National Historical Park | Springfield Armory National Historic Site | Steamtown National Historic Site | Stones River National Cemetery | Stones River National Battlefield | Thaddeus Kosciuszko National Memorial | Theodore Roosevelt Birthplace National Historic Site | Theodore Roosevelt Inaugural National Historic Site | Thomas Jefferson Memorial | Thomas Stone National Historic Site | Touro Synagogue National Historic Site | Trail of Tears National Historic Trail | Tumacácori National Historical Park | Tupelo National Battlefield | Tuskegee Airman National Historic Site | Tuskegee Institute National Historic Site | U S S Arizona Memorial | Ulysses S Grant National Historic Site | Valley Forge National Historical Park | Vanderbilt Mansion National Historic Site | Vicksburg National Military Park | Vicksburg National Cemetery | Vietnam Veterans Memorial | War In The Pacific National Historical Park | Washington Monument | Washita Battlefield National Historic Site | Weir Farm National Historic Site | Whitman Mission National Historic Site | William Howard Taft National Historic Site | Wilson's Creek National Battlefield | Women's Rights National Historical Park | Wright Brothers National Memorial | Yorktown National Cemetery | Yorktown National Battlefield |
Amistad National Recreation Area | Apostle Islands National Lakeshore | Appalachian National Scenic Trail | Assateague Island National Seashore | Big South Fork National River and Recreation Area | Bighorn Canyon National Recreation Area | Bluestone National Scenic River | Boston Harbor Islands National Recreation Area | Buffalo National River | Canaveral National Seashore | Cape Cod National Seashore | Cape Hatteras National Seashore | Cape Lookout National Seashore | Chattahoochee River National Recreation Area | Chickasaw National Recreation Area | Cumberland Island National Seashore | Curecanti National Recreation Area | Delaware National Scenic River | Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area | Fire Island National Seashore | Gateway National Recreation Area | Gauley River National Recreation Area | George Washington Memorial Parkway | Glen Canyon National Recreation Area | Golden Gate National Recreation Area | Gulf Islands National Seashore | Ice Age National Scenic Trail | Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore | John D Rockefeller, Jr. Memorial Parkway | Lake Chelan National Recreation Area | Lake Mead National Recreation Area | Lake Meredith National Recreation Area | Lake Roosevelt National Recreation Area | Mississippi National River and Recreation Area | Missouri National Recreational River | Natchez Trace Parkway | New River Gorge National River | Niobrara National Scenic River | North Country National Scenic Trail | Obed Wild and Scenic River | Ozark National Scenic Riverways | Padre Island National Seashore | Pictured Rocks National Lakeshore | Point Reyes National Seashore | Potomac Heritage National Scenic Trail | Quinebaug and Shetucket Rivers Valley National Heritage Corridor | Rio Grande Wild and Scenic River | Ross Lake National Recreation Area | Saint Croix National Scenic River | Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area | Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore | Suitland Parkway | Upper Delaware Scenic and Recreational River | Whiskeytown National Recreation Area |
Alagnak Wild River | Alcatraz Island | Anacostia Park | Baltimore-Washington Parkway | Bering Land Bridge National Preserve | Big Cypress National Preserve | Big Thicket National Preserve | Blue Ridge Parkway | Capitol Hill Parks | Catoctin Mountain Park | City Of Rocks National Reserve | Constitution Gardens | Fort Dupont Park | Fort Washington Park | Glen Echo Park | Great Falls Park | Green Springs | Greenbelt Park | Harmony Hall | Kenilworth Park and Aquatic Gardens | Mojave National Preserve | National Capital Parks-Central | National Capital Parks-East | National Mall | New Jersey Pinelands National Reserve | Noatak National Preserve | Northwest Alaska Areas | Old Post Office Tower | Oxon Cove Park and Oxon Hill Farm | Pierce Mill | Piscataway Park | President's Park (White House) | Presidio of San Francisco | Prince William Forest Park | Rock Creek Park | Roosevelt Campobello International Park | Tallgrass Prairie National Preserve | The Old Stone House | Theodore Roosevelt Island Park | Timucuan Ecological and Historic Preserve | Wolf Trap Farm Park for the Performing Arts