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Список химических элементов по символам

Материал из Википедии — свободной энциклопедии

Содержание

Это список химических элементов по символам, содержащий символы, которые в данный момент используются для обозначения химических элементов и признаны Международным союзом теоретической и прикладной химии как лучшие из предложеных и исторических символов. Также для каждого элемента указывается атомный номер, атомная масса или самый стабильный изотоп, номера группы и периода в периодической таблице и источник названия элемента, если он не совпадает с текущим названием.

Химические семейства элементов периодической таблицы
Щелочные металлы Щёлочноземельные металлы Лантаноиды Актиноиды Переходные металлы
Лёгкие металлы Полуметаллы Неметаллы Галогены Инертные газы

[править] Символы, используемые в данный момент

Символ Название Происхождение символа Атомный номер Атомная масса Группа Период
Ac Актиний   89 [227]1   7
Ag Серебро лат. Argentum 47 107,8682 (2)2 11 5
Al Алюминий   13 26,9815386 (8) 13 3
Am Америций   95 [243]1   7
Ar Аргон   18 39,948 (1)2 4 18 3
As Мышьяк   33 74,92160 (2) 15 4
At Астат   85 [210]1 17 6
Au Золото лат. Aurum 79 196,966569 (4) 11 6
B Бор   5 10,811 (7)2 3 4 13 2
Ba Барий   56 137,327 (7) 2 6
Be Бериллий   4 9,012182 (3) 2 2
Bh Борий   107 [264]1 7 7
Bi Висмут   83 208,98040 (1) 15 6
Bk Берклий   97 [247]1   7
Br Бром   35 79,904 (1) 17 4
C Углерод   6 12,0107 (8)2 4 14 2
Ca Кальций   20 40,078 (4)2 2 4
Cd Кадмий   48 112,411 (8)2 12 5
Ce Церий   58 140,116 (1)2   6
Cf Калифорний   98 [251]1   7
Cl Хлор   17 35,453 (2)2 3 4 17 3
Cm Кюрий   96 [247]1   7
Co Кобальт   27 58,933195 (5) 9 4
Cr Хром   24 51,9961 (6) 6 4
Cs Цезий   55 132,9054519 (2) 1 6
Cu Медь лат. Cuprum 29 63,546 (3)4 11 4
Db Дубний   105 [262]1 5 7
Ds Дармштадтий   110 [271]1 10 7
Dy Диспрозий   66 162,500 (1)2   6
Er Эрбий   68 167,259 (3)2   6
Es Эйнштейний   99 [252]1   7
Eu Европий   63 151,964 (1)2   6
F Фтор   9 18,9984032 (5) 17 2
Fe Железо лат. Ferrum 26 55,845 (2) 8 4
Fm Фермий   100 [257]1   7
Fr Франций   87 [223]1 1 7
Ga Галлий   31 69,723 (1) 13 4
Gd Гадолиний   64 157,25 (3)2   6
Ge Германий   32 72,64 (1) 14 4
H Водород   1 1,00794 (7)2 3 4 1 1
He Гелий   2 4,002602 (2)2 4 18 1
Hf Гафний   72 178,49 (2) 4 6
Hg Ртуть лат. Hydrargyrum 80 200,59 (2) 12 6
Ho Гольмий   67 164,930 32 (2)   6
Hs Хассий   108 [277]1 8 7
I Иод   53 126,904 47 (3) 17 5
In Индий   49 114,818 (3) 13 5
Ir Иридий   77 192,217 (3) 9 6
K Калий лат. Kalium 19 39,0983 (1) 1 4
Kr Криптон   36 83,798 (2)2 3 18 4
La Лантан   57 138,90547 (7)2   6
Li Литий   3 6,941 (2)2 3 4 5 1 2
Lr Лоуренсий   103 [262]1 3 7
Lu Лютеций   71 174,967 (1)2 3 6
Md Менделевий   101 [258]1   7
Mg Магний   12 24,3050 (6) 2 3
Mn Марганец   25 54,938045 (5) 7 4
Mo Молибден   42 95,94 (2)2 6 5
Mt Мейтнерий   109 [268]1 9 7
N Азот   7 14,0067 (2)2 4 15 2
Na Натрий лат. Natrium 11 22,98976928 (2) 1 3
Nb Ниобий   41 92,906 38 (2) 5 5
Nd Неодим   60 144,242 (3)2   6
Ne Неон   10 20,1797 (6)2 3 18 2
Ni Никель   28 58,6934 (2) 10 4
No Нобелий   102 [259]1   7
Np Нептуний   93 [237]1   7
O Кислород   8 15,9994 (3)2 4 16 2
Os Осмий   76 190,23 (3)2 8 6
P Фосфор   15 30,973762 (2) 15 3
Pa Протактиний   91 231,03588 (2)1   7
Pb Свинец лат. Plumbum 82 207,2 (1)2 4 14 6
Pd Палладий   46 106,42 (1)2 10 5
Pm Прометий   61 [145]1   6
Po Полоний   84 [210]1 16 6
Pr Празеодим   59 140,90765 (2)   6
Pt Платина   78 195,084 (9) 10 6
Pu Плутоний   94 [244]1   7
Ra Радий   88 [226]1 2 7
Rb Рубидий   37 85,4678 (3)2 1 5
Re Рений   75 186,207 (1) 7 6
Rf Резерфордий   104 2611 4 7
Rg Рентгений   111 [272]1 11 7
Rh Родий   45 102,905 50 (2) 9 5
Rn Радон   86 [220]1 18 6
Ru Рутений   44 101,07 (2)2 8 5
S Сера   16 32,065 (5)2 4 16 3
Sb Сурьма лат. Stibium 51 121,760 (1)2 15 5
Sc Скандий   21 44,955912 (6) 3 4
Se Селен   34 78,96 (3)4 16 4
Sg Сиборгий   106 [266]1 6 7
Si Кремний лат. Silicium 14 28,0855 (3)4 14 3
Sm Самарий   62 150,36 (2)2   6
Sn Олово лат. Stannum 50 118,710 (7)2 14 5
Sr Стронций   38 87,62 (1)2 4 2 5
Ta Тантал   73 180,94788 (2) 5 6
Tb Тербий   65 158,92535 (2)   6
Tc Технеций   43 [98]1 7 5
Te Теллур   52 127,60 (3)2 16 5
Th Торий   90 232,03806 (2)1 2   7
Ti Титан   22 47,867 (1) 4 4
Tl Таллий   81 204,3833 (2) 13 6
Tm Тулий   69 168,93421 (2)   6
U Уран   92 238,02891 (3)1 2 3   7
Uub Унунбий   112 [285]1 12 7
Uuh Унунгексий   116 [292]1 16 7
Uup Унунпентий   115 [288]1 15 7
Uuq Унунквадий   114 [289]1 14 7
Uut Унунтрий   113 [284]1 13 7
V Ванадий   23 50,9415 (1) 5 4
W Вольфрам нем. Wolfram 74 183,84 (1) 6 6
Xe Ксенон   54 131,293 (6)2 3 18 5
Y Иттрий   39 88,90585 (2) 3 5
Yb Иттербий   70 173,04 (3)2   6
Zn Цинк   30 65,409 (4) 12 4
Zr Цирконий   40 91,224 (2)2 4 5
Химические семейства элементов периодической таблицы
Щелочные металлы Щёлочноземельные металлы Лантаноиды Актиноиды Переходные металлы
Лёгкие металлы Полуметаллы Неметаллы Галогены Инертные газы

[править] Символы, которые сейчас не используются

Символ Название Атомный номер Источник
A Argon 18 Current symbol is Ar.
Ab Alabamine 85 Discredited claim to discovery of astatine.
Am Alabamium 85 Discredited claim to discovery of astatine.
An Actinon 86 Name given at one time to an isotope of radon identified in the decay chain of actinium.
An Athenium 99 Proposed name for einsteinium.
Ao Ausonium 93 Discredited claim to discovery of neptunium.
Az Azote 7 Proposed name for nitrogen.
Bv Brevium 91 Proposed name for protactinium.
Bz Berzelium 59 Proposed name for praseodymium.
Cb Columbium 41 Former name of niobium.
Cb Columbium 41 Proposed name for americium.
Cp Cassiopeium 71 Proposed name for lutetium.
Ct Centurium 100 Proposed name for fermium.
Ct Celtium 72 Former name of hafnium.
Da Danubium 43 Proposed name for technetium
Db Dubnium 104 Proposed name for rutherfordium. The symbol and name were instead used for element 105.
Di Didymium - Rare earth metal that proved to be a mixture of the elements praseodymium and neodymium.
Dp Decipium 62 Rare earth metal that proved to be a mixture primarily of samarium.
Eb Ekaboron 21 Name given by Mendeleev to an as of then undiscovered element. When discovered, scandium closely matched the prediction.
El Ekaaluminium 31 Name given by Mendeleev to an as of then undiscovered element. When discovered, gallium closely matched the prediction.
Em Ekamangan 43 Name given by Mendeleev to an as of then undiscovered element. When discovered, technetium closely matched the prediction.
Es Ekasilicon 32 Name given by Mendeleev to an as of then undiscovered element. When discovered, germanium closely matched the prediction.
Es Esperium 94 Discredited claim to discovery of plutonium.
Fa Francium 87 Current symbol is Fr.
Fr Florentium 61 Discredited claim to discovery of promethium.
Gl Glucinium 4 Former name of beryllium.
Ha Hahnium 105 Proposed name for dubnium.
Ha Hahnium 108 Proposed name for hassium.
Il Illinium 61 Discredited claim to discovery of promethium.
Io Ionium 90 Name given at one time to an isotope of thorium identified in the decay chain of uranium.
J Iodine 53 In some languages, the name for iodine begins with J instead of I.
Jg Jargonium 72 Discredited claim to discovery of hafnium.
Jo Joliotium 105 Proposed name for dubnium.
Ku Kurchatovium 104 Proposed name for rutherfordium.
Lw Lawrencium 103 Current symbol is Lr.
M Muriaticum 9 Former name of chlorine.
Ma Masurium 43 Disputed claim to discovery of technetium.
Md Mendelevium 97 Proposed name for berkelium. The symbol and name were later used for element 101.
Me Mendelevium 97 Proposed name for erbium. The name was later used for element 101.
Ms Masrium - Discredited claim of discovery of a new element.
Mt Meitnium 91 Proposed name for protactinium.
Mv Mendelevium 101 Current symbol is Md.
Ng Norwegium 72 Discredited claim to discovery of hafnium.
Ni Niton 86 Proposed name for radium.
No Norium 72 Discredited claim to discovery of hafnium.
Ns Nielsbohrium 105 Proposed name for dubnium.
Ns Nielsbohrium 107 Proposed name for bohrium.
Nt Niton 86 Proposed name for radium.
Nw Newtonian 67 Proposed name for holmium.
Ny Neoytterbium 70 Former name of ytterbium.
Od Odinium 62 Proposed name for samarium
Pc Policium 110 Proposed name for darmstadtium
Pe Pelopium 41 Proposed name for niobium
Po Potassium 19 Current symbol is K.
Pp Philippium - Rare earth metal that proved to be a mixture of other elements.
Rf Rutherfordium 106 Proposed name for seaborgium. The symbol and name were instead used for element 104.
Sa Samarium 62 Current symbol is Sm.
So Sodium 11 Current symbol is Na.
Sp Spectrium 70 Proposed name for ytterbium.
St Antimony 51 Current symbol is Sb.
Tn Thoron 86 Name given at one time to an isotope of radon identified in the decay chain of thorium.
Tn Tungsten 74 Current symbol is W.
Tu Thulium 69 Current symbol is Tm.
Tu Tungsten 74 Current symbol is W.
Ty Tyrium 60 Proposed name for neodymium.
Unb Unnilbium 102 Temporary name given to nobelium until the permanent name was chosen.
Une Unnilennium 109 Temporary name given to meitnerium until the permanent name was chosen.
Unh Unnilhexium 106 Temporary name given to seaborgium until the permanent name was chosen.
Uno Unniloctium 108 Temporary name given to hassium until the permanent name was chosen.
Unp Unnilpentium 105 Temporary name given to dubnium until the permanent name was chosen.
Unq Unnilquadium 104 Temporary name given to rutherfordium until the permanent name was chosen.
Uns Unnilseptium 107 Temporary name given to bohrium until the permanent name was chosen.
Unt Unniltrium 103 Temporary name given to lawrencium until the permanent name was chosen.
Unu Unnilunium 101 Temporary name given to mendelevium until the permanent name was chosen.
Uun Ununnilium 110 Temporary name given to darmstadtium until the permanent name was chosen.
Uuu Unununium 111 Temporary name given to roentgenium until the permanent name was chosen.
Vi Virginium 87 Discredited claim to discovery of francium.
Vm Virginium 87 Discredited claim to discovery of francium.
Yt Yttrium 39 Current symbol is Y.

[править] Другие символы, которые выглядят как символы элементов

[править] Примечания

  • Примечание 1. The element does not have any stable nuclides, and a value in brackets, e.g. [209], indicates the mass number of the longest-lived isotope of the element. However, three elements, Thorium, Protactinium, and Uranium, have a characteristic terrestrial isotopic composition, and thus their atomic mass given.
  • Примечание 2. The isotopic composition of this element varies in some geological specimens, and the variation may exceed the uncertainty stated in the table.
  • Примечание 3. The isotopic composition of the element can vary in commercial materials, which can cause the atomic weight to deviate significantly from the given value.
  • Примечание 4. The isotopic composition varies in terrestrial material such that a more precise atomic weight can not be given.
  • Примечание 5. The atomic weight of commercial Lithium can vary between 6,939 and 6,996—analysis of the specific material is necessary to find a more accurate value.

[править] Ссылки

 
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