Thn̂g
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Lán pêng-sò͘-sî kóng ê thn̂g sī chí chià-thn̂g (sucrose, table sugar, saccharose), 1 chióng pe̍h-pe̍h kiat-chiⁿ ê kò͘-thé (solid), toaⁿ-thn̂g (monosaccharide) ê kiat-kò͘. Siōng chia̍p ēng lâi kái-piàn mi̍h-kiāⁿ ê bī (flavor) kap lim--ê (beverage) iah sī chia̍h-mi̍h ê sèng-chit (chhiūⁿ kháu-kám (口感), chit-kám (texture), pó-chûn kî-hān). Sù-siông ùi kam-chià iah sī tiⁿ-chhài liān--chhut-lâi.
Toaⁿ-thn̂g sī 1 chióng "kán-tan" ê thn̂g-lūi, khó-pí kóng ēng kàⁿ-sò͘ (enzyme) iah sī sng (acid) ē-tit kā chià-thn̂g hun-kái chò phô-tô-thn̂g (glucose), sī seng-bu̍t sè-pau (cell) khǹg lêng-goân (energy) ê só͘-chāi.
Siang-thn̂g (disaccharide) sī lēng-goā 1 chióng kiat-kò͘ khah ho̍k-cha̍p ê thn̂g-lūi.
Ùi chú-chia̍h ê kak-tō͘ lâi khoàⁿ, thn̂g sī 1 chióng chia̍h--khí-lâi bī tiⁿ-tiⁿ ê chia̍h-mi̍h.
Eng-gí ê thn̂g-lūi koàn-sì ēng -ose kiat-boé.
