Pennsylvania State University

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The Pennsylvania State University
Motto	Making Life Better
Established	1855
Type	Land-Grant, state-related
Endowment	$1.4 billion (USD)[1]
President	Graham Spanier
Faculty	20,817
Students	42,914 University Park 31,632 Commonwealth Campuses 6,569 PA College of Tech 638 Dickinson School of Law 791 Hershey Medical Center 83,721 Total
Location	Geographically dispersed, Centre County, Pennsylvania, 19 Commonwealth Campuses, and 5 Special-mission campuses
Campus	University Park Campus: 5,448 acres (22 km²). TOTAL Campuses : 18,370 acres (74 km²)
Colors	Blue and White
Nickname	Penn State
Mascot	Nittany Lion
Affiliations	Big Ten Conference
Website	www.psu.edu

The Pennsylvania State University (commonly known as Penn State) is a state-related, land-grant university. The University has 24 campuses located throughout the state, including a virtual World Campus. The enrollment at Penn State is over 84,000 students, placing it among the ten largest public universities in the United States. Penn State offers more than 160 majors and administers a $1.4 billion (USD) endowment.^[1]

Contents 1 History 1.1 Early years 1.2 President Atherton 1.3 Early 20th century 1.4 Eisenhower, Walker 1.5 Modern years 2 Campuses and colleges 2.1 University Park 2.2 Colleges 2.3 Commonwealth campuses 2.4 Special-mission campuses 2.5 Demographics and trends 3 Organization 3.1 Board of Trustees 3.2 Administration 3.3 Tuition 4 Academics 4.1 Research 4.2 Ranking and reputation 5 Athletics 6 Student life 6.1 Diversity 6.2 Residence life 6.3 Student organizations 6.4 Media 6.5 IFC/Panhellenic Dance Marathon 6.6 Former traditions 7 Alumni and notable people 8 Points of interest 9 References 10 External links

[edit] History

Main article: History of the Pennsylvania State University

[edit] Early years

Penn State was founded as a degree-granting institution on February 22, 1855 by act P.L. 46, No. 50 of the General Assembly of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania as the Farmers' High School of Pennsylvania. Centre County became the home of the new school when James Irvin of Bellefonte donated 200 acres (809,000 m²) of land—the first of 10,101 acres the University would eventually acquire. In 1862, the school's name was changed to the Agricultural College of Pennsylvania, and with the passage of the Morrill Land-Grant Act, Pennsylvania selected the school in 1863 to be the state's sole land grant college. In the following years, enrollment fell as the school tried to balance purely agricultural studies with a more classic education, falling to 64 undergraduates in 1875, a year after the school's name changed once again to the Pennsylvania State College.

[edit] President Atherton

George W. Atherton became president of the school in 1882, and worked to broaden the school's curriculum. Shortly after he introduced engineering studies, Penn State became one of the ten largest engineering schools in the nation.^{[citation needed]} Atherton also expanded the liberal arts and agriculture programs, for which the school began receiving regular appropriations from the state in 1887. Atherton is widely credited with saving Penn State from bankruptcy,^{[citation needed]} and is still honored today by the name of a major road in State College. Penn State's Atherton Hall, a well furnished and centrally located dormitory, is named not after George Atherton himself, but after his wife, Frances Washburn Atherton. His grave rests in front of Schwab Auditorium near Old Main, and is marked by an engraved marble block resting in front of his statue.

[edit] Early 20th century

In the years that followed, Penn State grew significantly, becoming the state's largest sources of baccalaureate degrees and reaching an enrollment of 5,000 in 1936. Around that time, Commonwealth Campuses were started by President Ralph Hetzel to provide an alternative for Depression-era students who were economically unable to leave home to attend college.

[edit] Eisenhower, Walker

In 1953, President Milton Eisenhower, brother of former U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower, changed the school's name to The Pennsylvania State University, and the University developed rapidly under his successor Eric A. Walker. Under Walker's leadership (1956-1970,) the University acquired hundreds of acres of the surrounding land, and enrollment nearly tripled. Additionally, in 1967, the Hershey Medical Center, a college of medicine and hospital, was established with a US$50 million gift from the Hershey Trust Company.

[edit] Modern years

In the 1970s, The Pennsylvania State University became a state-related institution. As such, it now belongs to the Commonwealth System of Higher Education, and is not part of the fully public Pennsylvania State System of Higher Education.

In recent years, Penn State's role as a leader in education in Pennsylvania has become well-defined. In 1989, the Pennsylvania College of Technology in Williamsport joined ranks with the University, and in 1997, so did the Dickinson School of Law. Currently, the University is the largest in Pennsylvania, and in 2003, it was credited with having the largest impact on the state economy of any organization, generating an economic effect of over $6 billion on a budget of US$2.5 billion. To offset the lack of funding due to the limited growth in state appropriations to Penn State, the University has turned to seeking philanthropy. 2003 marked the end of the Grand Destiny campaign—a seven-year effort which raised over US$1.3 billion for the University.

[edit] Campuses and colleges

[edit] University Park

The largest of Penn State's 24 campuses, University Park, is almost entirely within the borough boundaries of State College, a site chosen to be the near-geographic center of the state. With an acceptance rate of 54%,^[2] it is the most selective campus in the Penn State system, due primarily to the fact that students select University Park as their first-choice campus at a far greater rate than Penn State's other undergraduate campuses.^[3] During the fall 2006 semester, 36,612 undergraduate students and 6,302 graduate students were enrolled at University Park.^[4] Of those, 45.2% were female^[5] and 25.5% were not Pennsylvania residents.^[6]

[edit] Colleges

The University Park campus is organized into 13 distinct "colleges":^[7]

College of Agricultural Sciences College of Arts and Architecture Smeal College of Business College of Communications College of Earth and Mineral Sciences College of Education College of Engineering [1]

College of Health and Human Development College of Information Sciences and Technology College of the Liberal Arts Eberly College of Science Graduate School Schreyer Honors College

In addition, the Penn State Board of Trustees voted in January to create a School of International Affairs, with the first classes to be admitted for the fall 2008 semester.^[8] The school will be part of the Dickinson School of Law at its University Park campus location.^[9]

[edit] Commonwealth campuses

Main article: Pennsylvania State University Commonwealth Campus

In addition to the University Park campus, 19 campus locations throughout the state offer enrollment for undergraduate students. Over 60% of Penn State first-year students begin their education at a location other than University Park. All of these smaller campuses offer a limited number of degree programs, but any student in good academic standing is guaranteed a spot at University Park to finish their degree if required or desired. Most students do complete their degree program at University Park (known as "change of assignment," since Penn State campuses are not independently operated and therefore "transferring" is an inaccurate term).^[10]

[edit] Special-mission campuses

Penn State Great Valley School of Graduate Professional Studies is a special mission campus offering master's degrees, master's certification, and continuing professional education. It is located in Malvern, PA, and also offers classes at the old Philadelphia Navy Yard.

Penn State Hershey Medical Center and College of Medicine is Penn State's medical school and teaching hospital, located in Hershey, PA.

Pennsylvania College of Technology offers certificates as well as degrees in over 100 technical fields, and is located in Williamsport, PA.

The Dickinson School of Law of the Pennsylvania State University merged with Penn State in 2000, and is located in Carlisle, PA. As of Fall 2006, students have the choice of beginning their studies in either Carlisle or University Park.

In 1998, the University launched Penn State World Campus, or Penn State online, which offers over 50 online education programs, degrees, and certificates. Distance education has a long history at Penn State. It was one of the first universities in the country to offer a correspondence course for remote farmers in 1892. Some examples of online programs include a Master of Degree of Homeland Security in Public Health Preparedness, Bachelor of Science in Nursing, Master of Business Administration, and certificates in applied statistics, and economic and community development, among many others. Currently, Penn State's World Campus offers nine graduate degrees, 16 graduate certificates, 13 undergraduate degrees, and 16 undergraduate certificates. World Campus students come from seven continents, 43 countries, and from 50 states.

[edit] Demographics and trends

Racially the University is representative of the state of Pennsylvania, although less diverse than comparable institutions. As of fall 2006, the racial makeup of the Penn State system including all campuses and special-mission colleges, was 80.2% white, 4.0% African-American, 5.3% Asian-American, 3.1% Hispanic-American, 0.1% Native American, and 7.3% international students.^[11] Over the past decade, minority enrollment as a percentage of total enrollment has risen 3.5%,^[12] while minorities as a percentage of total teaching positions rose 2.0% from 1997 to 2002.^[13]

[edit] Organization

Penn State is a "state-related" university, part of Pennsylvania's Commonwealth System of Higher Education. This means that though it receives funding from the Commonwealth, and is connected to the state through its Board of Trustees, it is otherwise independent and is not subject to the state's direct control. For the 2006-2007 fiscal year, Penn State received 9.7% of its budget from state appropriations, the lowest of the four state-related institutions in Pennsylvania.^[14] Initial reports concerning the 2007-2008 fiscal year indicate that Pennsylvania Governor Ed Rendell is recommending a 1.6% increase in state appropriations.^[15] Penn State's appropriation request, submitted to the Pennsylvania Department of Education in September, requested a 6.8% increase in funding.^[16]

[edit] Board of Trustees

The university is governed by the 32-member Board of Trustees. Its members include the President of the University, the Governor of the Commonwealth, and the state secretaries of Agriculture, Education, and Conservation and Natural Resources. The other members include six trustees appointed by the Governor, nine elected by the alumni, and six elected by Pennsylvania agricultural societies. Lastly, six additional trustees are elected by the Board representing business and industry endeavors.^[17]

The current chair of the Board of Trustees is James S. Broadhurst, a 1965 graduate of Penn State and CEO of Eat'n Park Hospitality Group, Inc.^[18]

The main responsibilities of the Board are to select the president of Penn State, to determine the goals and strategic direction of the University, and to approve the annual budget.^[19] Regular meetings of the board are held bi-monthly and take place primarily on the University Park campus, although on occasion meetings are held at other locations within the Commonwealth.^[20]

[edit] Administration

See also: History of the Pennsylvania State University#Past presidents of Penn State

The President of the University is selected by the Board and is given the authority for actual control of the university, including day-to-day management. In practice, this responsibility is delegated by the President to other departments of the administration, to the faculty, or to the student body.^[19] The current president of the university is Graham Spanier.

The Executive Vice President and Provost is the chief academic officer of the University. The current provost is Rodney Erickson.

[edit] Tuition

According to a recent survey by USA TODAY, Penn State's "flagship" campus, University Park, has the highest in-state tuition rates among comparable institutions nationwide.^[21] While a task force formed in 2001 to study options for tuition projections determined that the university's operating efficiency is among the highest in postsecondary education,^[22] it found that tuition increases at Penn State still consistently outpaced increases at other Big Ten Conference institutions.^[23] Student leaders at the University Park campus have led annual rallies to lower rate hikes both on campus and at the Pennsylvania state capitol in Harrisburg.^[24][25] In 2005, the Board of Trustees proposed a tuition freeze at the undergraduate campus locations (except University Park) as part of its state appropriation request.^[26]

[edit] Academics

Penn State is a research university with highly regarded programs in engineering, architecture, economics, business, and the sciences. As of February 2007, only 23 Pennsylvania colleges and universities held AACSB accreditation in business and accounting. The Smeal College of Business, Penn State Erie, The Behrend College, Penn State Harrisburg, and Penn State Great Valley were among the institutions accredited.^[27]

Over 10,000 students are enrolled in the university's graduate school, and over 70,000 degrees have been awarded since the school was founded in 1922.^[28]

[edit] Research

During the 2006 fiscal year, Penn State's research budget totaled US$638 million, 56% of which was funded by federal agencies including the Department of Energy and the Department of Defense. National Science Foundation reports indicate that in 2004 (the latest year that figures were available), Penn State ranked ninth in the country in terms of research expenditures. The university is also supported by private industry, ranking second nationwide in terms of research funding from industry.^[29][30]

The Applied Research Lab (ARL), located near the University Park campus, has been a research partner with the United States Department of Defense since 1945 and conducts research primarily in support of the United States Navy. It is the largest component of Penn State's research efforts statewide, with over 1,000 researchers and staff members.^[29][31]

Penn State was one of the founding members of the Worldwide Universities Network (WUN), a partnership that is comprised of seventeen research-led universities in the United States as well as Asia and Europe. The network provides funding, facilitates collaboration between universities, and coordinates exchanges of faculty members and graduate students between institutions. Penn State president Graham Spanier is a former vice-chair of the WUN.^[32][33]

The Penn State University Libraries were ranked fourteenth among research libraries in North America. in the most recent available annual survey released by The Chronicle of Higher Education.^[34]

The university library system began with a 1,500-book library in Old Main, which has grown to its current 4.8 million volumes, in addition to nearly 500,000 maps, over 5 million microforms, and nearly 160,000 films and videos.^[35]

[edit] Ranking and reputation

Main article: Pennsylvania State University rankings

Pennsylvania State University was ranked #47 on U. S. News and World Report's 2007 list,^[36] and 11th in a 2003 Gallup poll of best colleges or universities.[2]. The Washington Monthly magazine, using a ranking system which stresses social factors the magazine considers important, such as percentage of students in ROTC and percentage of students on Pell grants, ranked Penn State #3 in the country.[3] It has also been ranked #99 world-wide by the Times Higher Education Supplement.[4]

[edit] Athletics

Main article: Penn State Nittany Lions

Penn State's mascot is the Nittany Lion. The school's official colors were originally black and pink. The baseball team's uniforms faded to dark blue and white, so the school permanently changed the colors to the now-familiar blue and white.^[37] Penn State participates in the NCAA Division I-A and in the Big Ten Conference for most sports. A few sports participate in different conferences: men's volleyball in the Eastern Intercollegiate Volleyball Association (EIVA); men's lacrosse in the Eastern College Athletic Conference (ECAC); and women's lacrosse in American Lacrosse conference. The fencing teams operate as independents.^[38]

Athletic teams at Penn State have won 58 NCAA national championships, the most recent of which being in 2004, when the men's gymnastics team won its 11th national title.^[39] Since joining the Big Ten in 1991, Penn State teams have won 38 regular season conference titles and nine tournament titles, including nine consecutive titles in women's soccer (tied for the longest title streak in Big Ten history).^[40][41]

The school is best known for its football team, which draws a very large following. Other sports, such as fencing and volleyball have a history of strong teams and national success. The school's cheer is "We Are...Penn State."

The University also opened a new Penn State All-Sports Museum in February 2002. This two-level 10,000-square-foot museum is located inside Beaver Stadium.^[42]

Penn State student-athletes receive academic honors that often far exceed those awarded to other Division 1-A schools. In 2006, a school record 78 students received Academic All-Big Ten honors, the highest among schools in the Big Ten for the seventh time in nine years.^[43]

[edit] Student life

The University's fight song is "Fight On, State" and other notable songs performed at public celebrations include the Penn State Alma Mater and "The Nittany Lion".

Penn State has been ranked as the #2 Party School by The Princeton Review.

As of 2005, Penn State has more students registered on the Facebook social networking website than any other university.^[44]

[edit] Diversity

Penn State has exhibited consistent positive trends in efforts to promote a diverse and multicultural campus, most notably beginning in 1990 with the creation of a position for a Vice Provost for Educational Equity and the adoption of a five-year strategic plan to "create an environment characterized by equal access and respected participation for all groups and individuals irrespective of cultural differences."^[45][46]

Despite these efforts, criticism of the university's treatment of sensitive issues involving race and sexuality remain. During the spring of 2001, in response to racial death threats received by several African-American students,^[47] several hundred students occupied the Hetzel Union Building in protest of insufficient efforts by university officials to promote racial diversity.^[47] After roughly a week of negotiations and demonstrations, an agreement was reached. The result was the establishment of an Africana Studies Research Center and an investigation into the existing "Intercultural/International Competence" requirement for all students.^[48][49]

More recently, administrators and the athletic department were criticized for their handling of a sexual discrimination lawsuit filed by former Lady Lions basketball player Jen Harris, alleging that head coach Rene Portland dismissed her from the team in part due to her sexual orientation. While Penn State and the National Center for Lesbian Rights jointly issued a statement describing the settlement as "amicable" to all parties,^[50] members of the Penn State community protested that the settlement did not represent progress on the part of the University towards a more tolerant campus climate.^[51]

[edit] Residence life

See also: List of Penn State residence halls

[edit] Student organizations

Over six hundred student organizations exist at the University Park campus,^[52] as well as one of the largest Greek systems in the country, with approximately 12% of the University Park population affiliated with a Greek organization.^[53]

The Penn State Thespians have performed musical theatre at University Park since 1898, and is the oldest continuously-active student-run organization on campus. The student improv troupe is "Full Ammo Improv".

In 2005, the Penn State Blue Band was honored with the Sudler Trophy. The Trophy, which has been presented by the John Philip Sousa Foundation since 1982, is regarded as the nation's highest accolade for collegiate bands. The Penn State Glee Club is the university's oldest musical organization and tours nationally and internationally.

Penn State is also home to the Paranormal Research Society (PRS), which has earned national media attention over the past few years. The A&E Network recently announced that it is developing a national reality series with the group and University, entitled Paranormal U. Parts of the series will be filmed on campus.

[edit] Media

The student-run newspaper is The Daily Collegian. Since the summer of 1996, the traditional paper publication has been supplemented by an online edition, known as The Digital Collegian. In addition, Penn State's Newspaper Readership Program provides free copies of USA Today and the New York Times, as well as local and regional newspapers depending on the campus location (for example, the Centre Daily Times in University Park). This program, initiated by President Graham Spanier in 1997,^[54] has since been modeled by nearly 400 other universities across the country.^[55]

The student-run organization for yearbooks is named La Vie. The student-run radio station is The Lion 90.7FM (WKPS). The student-run humor magazine is Phroth.

[edit] IFC/Panhellenic Dance Marathon

Main article: Penn State Dance Marathon

Every February, thousands of students participate in the Penn State Dance Marathon (THON), the largest student-run philanthropy in the world. Participants stand for 48 hours nonstop and line dance once every hour to stay alert. THON raises millions of dollars annually for pediatric cancer care and research, generally through the Four Diamonds Fund. In 2007, THON raised more than US$5.2 million.

[edit] Former traditions

• Phi Psi 500

The Phi Psi 500, first organized in the 1970s by undergraduates in the Phi Kappa Psi fraternity, was a raucous fundraising event popular among students. Contestants entered either individually or in theme-related groups and had to run a 1.1 mile course through downtown State College. During the run, contestants had to make a half-dozen stops at taverns for beer or soft drinks.

Revenue generated through entry fees and donations went to local charities. The Phi Psi 500 brought a large number of alumni visitors as well as resident spectators and student participants. Over US$21,000 was raised by over 1,800 runners in the fourteenth running in April 1983.^[56]

The Phi Psi 500 was outlawed by University officials in the early 1980s. Today, the Phi Psi 500 is still a large philanthropic event orchestrated by an "under-ground" group of current students.^{[citation needed]}

• Sy Barash Regatta

Another popular fundraiser that sprung up in the 1970s was the Sy Barash Regatta. Sy Barash was a prominent State College businessman and civic leader who died of cancer in 1974. The regatta named in his honor began a year later, with proceeds going toward cancer research.

Beta Sigma Beta fraternity, of which Barash had been a member, sponsored the regatta first held at Stone Valley until 1983. Eventually, the regatta witnessed more than 15,000 visitors. By the mid-1980s, the popularity of the multi-faceted event forced its move to Bald Eagle State Park.

Aside from the nautical competition itself, the regatta offered picknicking, music and other leisure activities. After its first decade, the Sy Barash Regatta had raised more than US$100,000 for the Centre County chapter of the American Cancer Society.

• Gentle Thursday

Co-sponsored by The Free University, Gentle Thursday was a popular social event that occurred each spring. Proclaimed as a "day of sharing", students were encouraged to show concern for one another and forgo academic and campus political concerns. Crowds of students on the lawns of the Hetzel Union Building and Old Main enjoyed live music, food, friends and films.

Gentle Thursday eventually became a day of over-indulgence, highlighted by many drug- and alcohol-related incidents. These incidents and general truancy caused in area secondary schools led to Gentle Thursday's death in 1980.

[edit] Alumni and notable people

Established in 1870, nine years after Penn State's first commencement exercises, the stated mission of the Penn State Alumni Association is "to connect alumni to the University and to each other, provide valuable benefits to members and support the University's mission of teaching, research and service."^[57] The Alumni Association supports a number of the educational and extra-curricular missions of Penn State through financial support and serves as a network connecting alumni through over 280 "alumni groups," many of which are designated based on geographical, academic, or professional affiliation.^[58]

As of 2006, the Alumni Association counts 453,346 alumni within the United States, with an additional 6,277 in countries across the globe. More than half of United States alumni reside in Pennsylvania, primarily in the urban areas of Philadelphia (and Montgomery County) and Pittsburgh (and Allegheny County) and in the Centre County region surrounding State College. 34.3% of United States alumni and 21% of international alumni are members of the Alumni Association.^[59][60] With membership totaling 154,688, the Penn State Alumni Association is the largest dues-paying alumni association in the world, a distinction it has held since 1995.^[61]

Since 2001, Penn State, along with all schools in the Big Ten, has participated in the "Big Ten Challenge," a web site that serves as a competitive clearinghouse of alumni donation statistics for member schools. Results are tallied that represent a percentage of each school's alumni from the previous decade who gave to their alma mater each calendar year (for example, during the 2005-2006 year, alumni donations from 1996 to 2005 were tallied). With the exception of 2005-2006, when Penn State fell to second behind Northwestern University,^[62] Penn State has won the challenge each year since its inception.^{[63][64][65][66]}

Further information: List of Pennsylvania State University people

[edit] Points of interest

• The Arboretum at Penn State

[edit] References

• Short History of Penn State
• An Illustrated History of Penn State
• Official Statistics and Common Data

[edit] External links

• The Pennsylvania State University official website
• Penn State Board of Trustees
• Penn State Alumni Association
• Penn State athletics official website
• The Daily Collegian Online
• The Penn State Press
• Penn State Dance Marathon
• The Lion 90.7FM - Student Radio (WKPS)

• Maps and aerial photos Coordinates: 40.796036° -77.862739°
  • Street map from Google Maps or MapQuest
  • Satellite image from Google Maps, Microsoft Virtual Earth, or WikiMapia
  • Topographic map from TopoZone
  • Aerial image or topographic map from TerraServer-USA

The Pennsylvania State University
Academics	College of Earth and Mineral Sciences • Schreyer Honors College • Smeal College of Business • Commonwealth Campuses
Athletics	Beaver Stadium • Bryce Jordan Center • Football • Governor's Victory Bell • Land Grant Trophy • Medlar Field at Lubrano Park • Penn State Golf Courses • Rec Hall
Campus	Hetzel Union Building • Old Main • Pattee and Paterno Libraries • Penn State Creamery • Residence halls • ResCom • University Park
People	George W. Atherton • James A. Beaver • Milton S. Eisenhower • Joe Paterno • Rene Portland • Graham Spanier • Fred Waring
Media	The Daily Collegian • Phroth • The Lion 90.7FM • WPSU-FM • WPSU-TV
Student Life / Traditions	Alma Mater • Blue Band • Fight On, State • Mount Nittany • Nittany Lion • Nittwits • Old Coaly • Penn State Dance Marathon • State College • The Nittany Lion

Big Ten Conference
Illinois • Indiana • Iowa • Michigan • Michigan State • Minnesota • Northwestern • Ohio State • Penn State • Purdue • Wisconsin

v • d • e Public universities in Pennsylvania
State-related	Lincoln • Penn State • Pitt • Temple
State-funded	Bloomsburg • Cal U • Cheyney • Clarion • East Stroudsburg • Edinboro • IUP • Kutztown • Lock Haven • Mansfield • Millersville • Shippensburg • Slippery Rock • West Chester

Eastern Intercollegiate Volleyball Association
East Stroudsburg • George Mason • Harvard • Juniata • New Haven • NJIT • NYU • Penn State • Princeton • Queens College • Rutgers–Newark • Sacred Heart • Saint Francis • Springfield • Vassar

v • d • e Association of American Universities
Public	Arizona • Buffalo (SUNY) • UC Berkeley • UC Davis • UC Irvine • UC Los Angeles • UC San Diego • UC Santa Barbara • Colorado • Florida • Illinois • Indiana • Iowa • Iowa State • Kansas • Maryland • Michigan • Michigan State • Minnesota • Missouri • Nebraska • North Carolina • Ohio State • Oregon • Penn State • Pittsburgh • Purdue • Rutgers • SUNY Stony Brook • Texas • Texas A&M • Virginia • Washington • Wisconsin
Private	Brandeis • Brown • Caltech • Carnegie Mellon • Case Western Reserve • Chicago • Columbia • Cornell • Duke • Emory • Harvard • Johns Hopkins • MIT • Northwestern • NYU • Penn • Princeton • Rice • Rochester • USC • Stanford • Syracuse • Tulane • Vanderbilt • Washington • Yale
Canadian	McGill • Toronto