30th United States Congress

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Contents 1 Dates of sessions 2 Major events 3 Major legislation 4 Party summary 4.1 Senate 4.2 House of Representatives 5 Leadership 5.1 Senate 5.2 House of Representatives 6 Members 6.1 Senate 6.2 House of Representatives 6.3 Delegates 7 Changes in membership 7.1 Senate 7.2 House of Representatives 8 Officers 8.1 Senate 8.2 House of Representatives 9 Notes 10 References 11 External links

The Thirtieth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, comprised of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from March 4, 1847 to March 3, 1849, during the last two years of the administration of U.S. President James K. Polk.

The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the Sixth Census of the United States in 1840. The Senate had a Democratic majority, and the House had a Whig majority.

[edit] Dates of sessions

March 4, 1847 - March 3, 1849

• First session: December 6, 1847 - August 14, 1848
• Second session: December 4, 1848 - March 3, 1849 — a lame duck session

Previous congress: 29th Congress
Next congress: 31st Congress

[edit] Major events

Main article: Events of 1847; Events of 1848; Events of 1849

[edit] Major legislation

Main article: List of United States federal legislation in the 30th Congress

• March 3, 1849 - Gold Coinage Act, ch. 109, 9 Stat. 397

[edit] Party summary

Wisconsin was newly admitted to the Union and first represented as a state in this Congress.

The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.

[edit] Senate

• Democratic: 38 (majority)
• Whig: 21
• Independent Democratic: 1

TOTAL members: 60

[edit] House of Representatives

• Democratic: 110
• Whig: 116 (majority)
• American: 1
• Independent Democrat: 2
• Independent: 1

TOTAL members: 230

[edit] Leadership

[edit] Senate

• Vice President of the United States (President of the Senate):
  • George M. Dallas, Democrat of Pennsylvania
• President pro tempore of the Senate:
  • David R. Atchison, Democrat of Missouri, elected February 2, 1848

[edit] House of Representatives

• Speaker of the House
  • Robert C. Winthrop, Whig of Massachusetts, elected December 6, 1847

[edit] Members

This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and Representatives are listed by district.

See also: 30th United States Congress - Political Parties

See also: 30th United States Congress - State Delegations

See also: United States House election, 1846

[edit] Senate

At this time, Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1850; Class 2 meant their term began with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1852; and Class 3 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1848.

Alabama

• 3. Arthur P. Bagby (Dem.) …resigned June 16, 1848.

  William R.D. King (Dem.) …appointed to fill vacancy, July 1, 1848.

• 2. Dixon H. Lewis (Dem.) …died October 25, 1848.

  Benjamin Fitzpatrick (Dem.) …appointed to fill vacancy, November 25, 1848.

Arkansas

• 3. Ambrose H. Sevier (Dem.) …resigned March 15, 1848.

  Solon Borland (Dem.) …appointed to fill vacancy, March 30, 1848, subsequently elected.

• 2. Chester Ashley (Dem.) …died April 29, 1848.

  William K. Sebastian (Dem.) …appointed to fill vacancy, May 12, 1848, subsequently elected.

Connecticut

• 1. Jabez W. Huntington (Whig) …died November 1, 1847.

  Roger S. Baldwin (Whig) …appointed to fill vacancy, November 11, 1847, subsequently elected.

• 3. John M. Niles (Dem.)

Delaware

• 1. John M. Clayton (Whig) …resigned February 23, 1849.

  John Wales (Whig) …elected to fill vacancy, February 23, 1849.

• 2. Presley Spruance (Whig)

Florida

• 1. David L. Yulee (Dem.)
• 3. James D. Westcott, Jr. (Dem.)

Georgia

• 3. Walter T. Colquitt (Dem.) …resigned February 1848.

  Herschel V. Johnson (Dem.) …appointed to fill vacancy, February 4, 1848, subsequently elected.

• 2. John M. Berrien (Whig) …elected to fill vacancy in class, November 12, 1847.

Illinois

• 3. Sidney Breese (Dem.)
• 2. Stephen A. Douglas (Dem.)

Indiana

• 3. Edward A. Hannegan (Dem.)
• 1. Jesse D. Bright (Dem.)

Iowa

• 3. Augustus C. Dodge (Dem.) …newly admitted state, seated December 7, 1848.
• 2. George W. Jones (Dem.) …newly admitted state, seated December 7, 1848.

Kentucky

• 3. John J. Crittenden (Whig) …resigned June 12, 1848.

  Thomas Metcalfe (Whig) …appointed to fill vacancy, June 23, 1848, subsequently elected.

• 2. Joseph R. Underwood (Whig)

Louisiana

• 3. Henry Johnson (Whig)
• 2. Solomon W. Downs (Dem.)

Maine

• 1. John Fairfield (Dem.) …died December 24, 1847.

  Wyman B.S. Moor (Dem.) …appointed to fill vacancy, January 5, 1848.

  Hannibal Hamlin (Dem.) …elected to fill vacancy, May 26, 1848.

• 2. James W. Bradbury (Dem.)

Maryland

• 3. James A. Pearce (Whig)
• 1. Reverdy Johnson (Whig)

Massachusetts

• 1. Daniel Webster (Whig)
• 2. John Davis (Whig)

Michigan

• 1. Lewis Cass (Dem.) …resigned May 29, 1848, subsequently elected to fill vacancy, March 4, 1849.

  Thomas Fitzgerald (Dem.) …appointed to fill vacancy, June 8, 1848.

• 2. Alpheus Felch (Dem.)

Mississippi

• 1. Jesse Speight (Dem.) …died May 1, 1847.

  Jefferson Davis (Dem.) …appointed to fill vacancy, August 10, 1847, subsequently elected.

• 2. Henry S. Foote (Dem.)

Missouri

• 1. Thomas Hart Benton (Dem.)
• 3. David R. Atchison (Dem.)

New Hampshire

• 3. Charles G. Atherton (Dem.)
• 2. John P. Hale (Independent Dem.)

New Jersey

• 2. Jacob W. Miller (Whig)
• 1. William L. Dayton (Whig)

New York

• 1. Daniel S. Dickinson (Dem.)
• 3. John A. Dix (Dem.)

North Carolina

• 2. Willie P. Mangum (Whig)
• 3. George E. Badger (Whig)

Ohio

• 3. William Allen (Dem.)
• 1. Thomas Corwin (Whig)

Pennsylvania

• 1. Daniel Sturgeon (Dem.)
• 3. Simon Cameron (Dem.)

Rhode Island

• 1. Albert C. Greene (Whig)
• 2. John H. Clarke (Whig)

South Carolina

• 2. John C. Calhoun (Dem.)
• 3. Andrew P. Butler (Dem.)

Tennessee

• 1. Hopkins L. Turney (Dem.)
• 2. John Bell (Whig) …elected to fill vacancy, November 22, 1847.

Texas

• 2. Samuel Houston (Dem.)
• 1. Thomas J. Rusk (Dem.)

Vermont

• 1. Samuel S. Phelps (Whig)
• 3. William Upham (Whig)

Virginia

• 1. James M. Mason (Dem.)
• 2. Robert M.T. Hunter (Dem.)

Wisconsin

• 1. Henry Dodge (Dem.) …newly admitted state, seated June 8, 1848.
• 3. Isaac P. Walker (Dem.) …newly admitted state, seated June 8, 1848.

[edit] House of Representatives

The names of members of the House of Representatives elected statewide on the general ticket or otherwise at-large, are preceded by an "A/L," and the names of those elected from districts, whether plural or single member, are preceded by their district numbers.

Many of the congressional district numbers are linked to articles describing the district itself. Since the boundaries of the districts have changed often and substantially, the linked article may only describe the district as it exists today, and not as it was at the time of this Congress.

Alabama

• 1. John Gayle (Whig)
• 2. Henry W. Hilliard (Whig)
• 3. Sampson W. Harris (Dem.)
• 4. Samuel W. Inge (Dem.)
• 5. George S. Houston (Dem.)
• 6. Williamson R.W. Cobb (Dem.)
• 7. Franklin W. Bowdon (Dem.)

Arkansas

• A/L. Robert W. Johnson (Dem.)

Connecticut

• 1. James Dixon (Whig)
• 2. Samuel D. Hubbard (Whig)
• 3. John A. Rockwell (Whig)
• 4. Truman Smith (Whig)

Delaware

• A/L. John W. Houston (Whig)

Florida

• A/L. Edward C. Cabell (Whig)

Georgia

• 1. Thomas B. King (Whig)
• 2. Alfred Iverson, Sr. (Dem.)
• 3. John W. Jones (Whig)
• 4. Hugh A. Haralson (Dem.)
• 5. John H. Lumpkin (Dem.)
• 6. Howell Cobb (Dem.)
• 7. Alexander H. Stephens (Whig)
• 8. Robert A. Toombs (Whig)

Illinois

• 1. Robert Smith (Independent Dem.)
• 2. John A. McClernand (Dem.)
• 3. Orlando B. Ficklin (Dem.)
• 4. John Wentworth (Dem.)
• 5. William A. Richardson (Dem.) …elected to fill vacancy, seated December 6, 1847.
• 6. Thomas J. Turner (Dem.)
• 7. Abraham Lincoln (Whig)

Indiana

• 1. Elisha Embree (Whig)
• 2. Thomas J. Henley (Dem.)
• 3. John L. Robinson (Dem.)
• 4. Caleb B. Smith (Whig)
• 5. William W. Wick (Dem.)
• 6. George G. Dunn (Whig)
• 7. Richard W. Thompson (Whig)
• 8. John Pettit (Dem.)
• 9. Charles W. Cathcart (Dem.)
• 10. William Rockhill (Dem.)

Iowa

• 1. William Thompson (Dem.)
• 2. Shepherd Leffler (Dem.)

Kentucky

• 1. Linn Boyd (Dem.)
• 2. Beverly L. Clarke (Dem.)
• 3. Samuel O. Peyton (Dem.)
• 4. Aylette Buckner (Whig)
• 5. John B. Thompson (Whig)
• 6. Green Adams (Whig)
• 7. William G. Duncan (Whig)
• 8. Charles S. Morehead (Whig)
• 9. Richard French (Dem.)
• 10. John P. Gaines (Whig)

Louisiana

• 1. Emile La Sére (Dem.)
• 2. Bannon G. Thibodeaux (Whig)
• 3. John H. Harmanson (Dem.)
• 4. Isaac E. Morse (Dem.)

Maine

• 1. David Hammons (Dem.)
• 2. Asa W.H. Clapp (Dem.)
• 3. Hiram Belcher (Whig)
• 4. Franklin Clark (Dem.)
• 5. Ephraim K. Smart (Dem.)
• 6. James S. Wiley (Dem.)
• 7. Hezekiah Williams (Dem.)

Maryland

• 1. John G. Chapman (Whig)
• 2. James D. Roman (Whig)
• 3. Thomas W. Ligon (Dem.)
• 4. Robert M. McLane (Dem.)
• 5. Alexander Evans (Whig)
• 6. John W. Crisfield (Whig)

Massachusetts

• 1. Robert C. Winthrop (Whig)
• 2. Daniel P. King (Whig)
• 3. Amos Abbott (Whig)
• 4. John G. Palfrey (Whig)
• 5. Charles Hudson (Whig)
• 6. George Ashmun (Whig)
• 7. Julius Rockwell (Whig)
• 8. John Quincy Adams (Whig) …died February 23, 1848.

  Horace Mann (Whig) …elected to fill vacancy, seated April 13, 1848.

• 9. Artemas Hale (Whig)
• 10. Joseph Grinnell (Whig)

Michigan

• 1. Robert McClelland (Dem.)
• 2. Edward Bradley (Dem.) …died August 5, 1847, before Congress assembled.

  Charles E. Stuart (Dem.) …elected to fill vacancy, seated December 6, 1847.

• 3. Kinsley S. Bingham (Dem.)

Mississippi

• 1. Jacob Thompson (Dem.)
• 2. Winfield S. Featherston (Dem.)
• 3. Patrick W. Tompkins (Whig)
• 4. Albert G. Brown (Dem.)

Missouri

• 1. James B. Bowlin (Dem.)
• 2. John Jameson (Dem.)
• 3. James S. Green (Dem.)
• 4. Willard P. Hall (Dem.)
• 5. John S. Phelps (Dem.)

New Hampshire

• 1. Amos Tuck (Independent)
• 2. Charles H. Peaslee (Dem.)
• 3. James Wilson (Whig)
• 4. James H. Johnson (Dem.)

New Jersey

• 1. James G. Hampton (Whig)
• 2. William A. Newell (Whig)
• 3. Joseph E. Edsall (Dem.)
• 4. John Van Dyke (Whig)
• 5. Dudley S. Gregory (Whig)

New York

• 1. Frederick W. Lord (Dem.)
• 2. Henry C. Murphy (Dem.)
• 3. Henry Nicoll (Dem.)
• 4. William B. Maclay (Dem.)
• 5. Frederick A. Tallmadge (Whig)
• 6. David S. Jackson (Dem.) …contested election, served until April 19, 1848.

  Horace Greeley (Whig) …elected to fill vacancy, seated December 4, 1848.

• 7. William Nelson (Whig)
• 8. Cornelius Warren (Whig)
• 9. Daniel B. St. John (Whig)
• 10. Eliakim Sherrill (Whig)
• 11. Peter H. Silvester (Whig)
• 12. Gideon Reynolds (Whig)
• 13. John I. Slingerland (Whig)
• 14. Orlando Kellogg (Whig)
• 15. Sidney Lawrence (Dem.)
• 16. Hugh White (Whig)
• 17. George Petrie (Independent Dem.)
• 18. William Collins (Dem.)
• 19. Joseph Mullin (Whig)
• 20. Timothy Jenkins (Dem.)
• 21. George A. Starkweather (Dem.)
• 22. Ausburn Birdsall (Dem.)
• 23. William Duer (Whig)
• 24. Daniel Gott (Whig)
• 25. Harmon S. Conger (Whig)
• 26. William T. Lawrence (Whig)
• 27. John M. Holley (Whig) …died March 8, 1848.

  Esbon Blackmar (Whig) …elected to fill vacancy, seated December 4, 1848.

• 28. Elias B. Holmes (Whig)
• 29. Robert L. Rose (Whig)
• 30. David Rumsey (Whig)
• 31. Dudley Marvin (Whig)
• 32. Nathan K. Hall (Whig)
• 33. Harvey Putnam (Whig)
• 34. Washington Hunt (Whig)

North Carolina

• 1. Thomas L. Clingman (Whig)
• 2. Nathaniel Boyden (Whig)
• 3. Daniel M. Barringer (Whig)
• 4. Augustine H. Shepperd (Whig)
• 5. Abraham W. Venable (Dem.)
• 6. John R.J. Daniel (Dem.)
• 7. James I. McKay (Dem.)
• 8. Richard S. Donnell (Whig)
• 9. David Outlaw (Whig)

Ohio

• 1. James J. Faran (Dem.)
• 2. David Fisher (Whig)
• 3. Robert C. Schenck (Whig)
• 4. Richard S. Canby (Whig)
• 5. William Sawyer (Dem.)
• 6. Rodolphus Dickinson (Dem.)
• 7. Jonathan D. Morris (Dem.) …elected to fill vacancy, seated December 6, 1847.
• 8. John L. Taylor (Whig)
• 9. Thomas O. Edwards (Whig)
• 10. Daniel Duncan (Whig)
• 11. John K. Miller (Dem.)
• 12. Samuel F. Vinton (Whig)
• 13. Thomas Ritchey (Dem.)
• 14. Nathan Evans (Whig)
• 15. William Kennon, Jr. (Dem.)
• 16. John D. Cummins (Dem.)
• 17. George Fries (Dem.)
• 18. Samuel Lahm (Dem.)
• 19. John Crowell (Whig)
• 20. Joshua R. Giddings (Whig)
• 21. Joseph M. Root (Whig)

Pennsylvania

• 1. Lewis C. Levin (American)
• 2. Joseph R. Ingersoll (Whig)
• 3. Charles Brown (Dem.)
• 4. Charles J. Ingersoll (Dem.)
• 5. John Freedley (Whig)
• 6. John W. Hornbeck (Whig) …died January 16, 1848.

  Samuel A. Bridges (Dem.) …elected to fill vacancy, seated March 6, 1848.

• 7. Abraham R. McIlvaine (Whig)
• 8. John Strohm (Whig)
• 9. William Strong (Dem.)
• 10. Richard Brodhead (Dem.)
• 11. Chester P. Butler (Whig)
• 12. David Wilmot (Dem.)
• 13. James Pollock (Whig)
• 14. George N. Eckert (Whig)
• 15. Henry Nes (Whig)
• 16. Jasper E. Brady (Whig)
• 17. John Blanchard (Whig)
• 18. Andrew Stewart (Whig)
• 19. Job Mann (Dem.)
• 20. John Dickey (Whig)
• 21. Moses Hampton (Whig)
• 22. John W. Farrelly (Whig)
• 23. James Thompson (Dem.)
• 24. Alexander Irvin (Whig)

Rhode Island

• 1. Robert B. Cranston (Whig)
• 2. Benjamin B. Thurston (Dem.)

South Carolina

• 1. James A. Black (Dem.) …died April 3, 1848.

  Daniel Wallace (Dem.) …elected to fill vacancy, seated June 12, 1848.

• 2. Richard F. Simpson (Dem.)
• 3. Joseph A. Woodward (Dem.)
• 4. Alexander D. Sims (Dem.) …died November 16, 1848.

  John McQueen (Dem.) …elected to fill vacancy, seated February 12, 1849.

• 5. Armistead Burt (Dem.)
• 6. Isaac E. Holmes (Dem.)
• 7. Robert B. Rhett (Dem.)

Tennessee

• 1. Andrew Johnson (Dem.)
• 2. William M. Cocke (Whig)
• 3. John H. Crozier (Whig)
• 4. Hugh L.W. Hill (Dem.)
• 5. George W. Jones (Dem.)
• 6. James H. Thomas (Dem.)
• 7. Meredith P. Gentry (Whig)
• 8. Washington Barrow (Whig)
• 9. Lucien B. Chase (Dem.)
• 10. Frederick P. Stanton (Dem.)
• 11. William T. Haskell (Whig)

Texas

• 1. David S. Kaufman (Dem.)
• 2. Timothy Pilsbury (Dem.)

Vermont

• 1. William Henry (Whig)
• 2. Jacob Collamer (Whig)
• 3. George P. Marsh (Whig)
• 4. Lucius B. Peck (Dem.)

Virginia

• 1. Archibald Atkinson (Dem.)
• 2. George Dromgoole (Dem.) …died April 27, 1847, before Congress assembled.

  Richard K. Meade (Dem.) …elected to fill vacancy, seated December 6, 1847.

• 3. Thomas S. Flournoy (Whig)
• 4. Thomas S. Bocock (Dem.)
• 5. William L. Goggin (Whig)
• 6. John Botts (Whig)
• 7. Thomas H. Bayly (Dem.)
• 8. Richard L.T. Beale (Dem.)
• 9. John Pendleton (Whig)
• 10. Henry Bedinger (Dem.)
• 11. James McDowell (Dem.)
• 12. William B. Preston (Whig)
• 13. Andrew S. Fulton (Whig)
• 14. Robert A. Thompson (Dem.)
• 15. William G. Brown (Dem.)

Wisconsin ^[1]

• A/L. Mason C. Darling (Dem.)
• A/L. William P. Lynde (Dem.)

[edit] Delegates

Wisconsin Territory

• A/L. John H. Tweedy (Whig) …served until May 29, 1848.
• A/L. Henry Hastings Sibley (Dem.) …elected to fill vacancy, seated January 15, 1849.

[edit] Changes in membership

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.

See also: 30th United States Congress - Membership Changes

[edit] Senate

• replacements: 11
  • Democratic: no net change
  • Whig: no net change

• deaths: 5
• resignations: 6
• interim appointments: 2
• seats of newly admitted states: 4
• Total seats with changes:

[edit] House of Representatives

• replacements: 10
  • Democratic: no net change
  • Whig: no net change

• deaths: 7
• resignations: 0
• contested election: 1
• seats of newly admitted states: 2
• Total seats with changes: 12

[edit] Officers

[edit] Senate

• Secretary of the Senate:
  • Asbury Dickens of North Carolina elected December 12, 1836
• Sergeant at Arms of the Senate:
  • Robert Beale of Virginia, elected December 9, 1845
• Chaplain of the Senate
  • The Rev. Henry Slicer Methodist, elected December 16, 1846

[edit] House of Representatives

• Clerk of the House:
  • Thomas J. Campbell of Tennessee elected December 7, 1847
• Sergeant at Arms of the House:
  • Nathan Sergeant of Vermont, elected December 7, 1847
• Doorkeeper of the House:
  • Robert E. Horner of New Jersey, elected December 7, 1847
• Postmaster of the House:
  • John M. Johnson of Virginia, elected December 7, 1847
• Chaplain of the House
  • The Rev. Ralph Gurley Presbyterian, elected December 6, 1847

[edit] Notes

1. ^ all representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket

[edit] References

• Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company. 
• Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company. 

[edit] External links

• Statutes at Large, 1789-1875 [1]
• Senate Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress [2]
• House Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress [3]
• Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress [4]
• U.S. House of Representatives: Congressional History [5]
• U.S. Senate: Statistics and Lists [6]

	United States Congress Senate • Senators • Senate Leaders • Senate Committees • Senate Elections House • Representatives • House Leaders • House Committees • House Elections • House Districts

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